Hongcun scenic spot

Hongcun is located at the southwest foot of Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province, 11 kilometers southwest of Yi county. It used to be a necessary place for Yi county to go to Beijing for business in ancient times.

Hongcun is the most representative village of Hui style residential villages, known as the "village in Chinese painting". The best foreign language film Crouching Tiger, hidden dragon was shot here. The Nanhu bridge outside the village is the bridge that Li mubai led his horse across; the moon marsh in the village is the place where yujiaolong lights the water.

From the whole appearance, Hongcun is a unique cattle shaped ancient village. The water channel is called Niuchang because of its slender and tortuous shape, so Nanhu lake becomes Niudu and yuezao is like Niuwei. They are three classic landscapes in the village. The local villagers are used to the guests who come here to play, either doing things on their own or soliciting business enthusiastically. The gray walls and black tiles in the streets and alleys, the quiet carved old buildings and the watery bluestone slabs are all fascinating scenery.

In Hongcun, you can draw from life quietly, take a picture of the most beautiful moment in the alley, or just sit on the edge of the South Lake and watch the weeping willows sink into the painting.

Hongcun ancient town

synonym

Hongcun scenic spot generally refers to Hongcun ancient town

On November 30, 2000, Hongcun was listed in the world cultural heritage list by UNESCO. It is one of the first batch of 12 famous historical and cultural villages in China, a national key cultural relic protection unit, a patriotic education base in Anhui Province, and a national 5A scenic spot.

Hongcun is known as "village in painting". As of 2014, more than 140 Ming and Qing dwellings have been well preserved in the town. The main scenic spots are: Nanhu Chunxiao, Academy reading, yuerufenghe, niuchangshuizhen, Shuangxi Yingbi, ancient trees in front of Pavilion, Leigang sunset, etc.

Historical evolution

Hongcun town was called Hongcun in ancient times. In the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Yanji, the ancestor of Hongcun village, suffered from a fire. His family went up the river from Qishu village in Yi county and built 13 houses in Leigang mountain. This is the beginning of Hongcun village. Wang Yanji built Suiyang Pavilion at the entrance of the village as a landmark building.

With the development of feudal economy and the prosperity of culture, Huizhou, the birthplace of Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism, also reached its peak. The ancestors of the Wang family have become more and more officials and businessmen. They have accumulated a lot of money and wealth. They have bought land, bought houses and built bridges in their hometown.

From the first year of Hongxi reign of emperor Mingren to the 24th year of Wanli reign of emperor mingshenzong, the layout of Hongcun is Fengshui barrier, which is composed of "dongtudao system (longpaimiao), nantushui system (Hongyang, Baiguo), beitudui system (Leifu hazelnut forest) and xitushu Buddha system (Guanyinting). The ancestral halls and temples, such as Le Xu hall, Prince Temple and justice hall, have been built, and Hongcun has gradually formed a residential settlement of the same clan and surname, which is aggregated by blood and geographical relationship.

From the first year of Kangxi to the third year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty, Nanhu academy, Shuren hall, Sanli hall, Yuexian hall, Chengzhi hall and other large academies and houses were built one after another.

From 1949 to 1982, the people's Government of Yi county took the ancestral hall, temple, Academy and Chengzhi Hall of Hongcun village as state-owned and adopted unified management and protection.

In 1982, Yixian County set up the cultural relics management office, which has a special management organization for the protection and maintenance of the Ming and Qing residential buildings in Hongcun.

In 1984, the people's Government of Yi County compiled the master plan of Hongcun for the first time to strengthen the protection and guidance of the ancient villages and houses in Hongcun.

In 1985, Yi County Administration of cultural relics conducted a comprehensive survey of the Ming and Qing residential buildings and their affiliated cultural relics in Hongcun, and established the archives for the protection of ancient residential buildings.

In 1997, the people's Government of Yi County set up a protection and planning leading group, which was composed of cultural relics, urban construction, land, tourism and other functional departments. It went deep into Hongcun village many times to carry out comprehensive renovation and protect ancient dwellings.

In 1999, the Ministry of construction, the administration of cultural relics and other relevant units formed a panel of experts to conduct field visits to Hongcun, and comprehensively passed the "Hongcun protection and development plan".

In March 2003, Hongcun town joined the world cultural heritage Working Committee of China Association of scenic spots.

In December 2013, the Hongcun town government established the "Hongcun Village Inn alliance" to carry out unified publicity and marketing of Hongcun tourism in the form of association, and carry out unified management and service for tourism operators.

geographical environment

Location context

Hongcun Town, located in the northeast of Yi County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, covers an area of 187 square kilometers.

topographic features

Most of Hong villages and towns are located in flat areas, but they are close to the foot of the mountain. Hongcun is backed by Yangzhanling, Leigang mountain, etc., with high terrain. The whole town is in a "cow" structure.

Climatic characteristics

Hongcun town has more cloudy and rainy days, more cloudy and foggy days, which is close to the marine climate. The average annual temperature is 7.8 ° C, and the average annual rainfall days are 183 days, mostly concentrated in April to June. The annual precipitation on the mountain is 2395mm. The frequency of southwest wind and northwest wind is relatively high, and the annual average snowfall days is 49 days. In the hot spring area with an altitude of 630 meters, the average temperature is 25 ℃ in summer and above 0 ℃ in winter.

Water distribution

There are rivers such as yuezhao and Shuizhen in Hongcun Town, and water sources such as Nanhu and Qishu reservoir.

Cultural Activity

legend

In the middle of the 14th century, the Wang family, who lived in Jia County, Southern Anhui Province, was still in the mountain forest. Because the village they lived in suffered from repeated fires and moved several times, they finally found a place similar to their ancestors' last words: a never dry spring surrounded by two rivers. In their ancestors' dreams, cattle are the symbol of wealth, and water is the guarantee of their descendants. Therefore, Hu chongniang, the female leader of the family, planned the new village as a cow shaped village based on the interpretation of the ancestral dream: digging a clear spring as a pond, diverting the water from the West stream as a supplement, expanding it into a "moon marsh" and becoming the imaginary "cow stomach". Through the two outlets, the vertical and horizontal intertwined, 1300 meter long Shangshui channel and Xiashui channel were built, leading to every household in the village, and the water channel was called Shuizhen It is called "Niuchang". After being used, all the water in the water channel will converge to Nanhu Lake, which is called "Niudu" in the south of the village.

The location, layout and beautiful scenery of Hongcun town are directly related to water. It is an ancient village with rigorous planning. The planning and design of the artificial water system inside and outside the village is quite exquisite and ingenious. Experts evaluate Hongcun as "a village with human landscape and natural landscape complementing each other, which is rare in the world with detailed planning in ancient times.". It is called "a pearl of Chinese tradition" by Chinese and foreign architectural experts and "a living textbook for studying the history of ancient Chinese water conservancy".

Famous people

festival activities

Bird racing in Hongcun town can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty. It is a traditional Spring Festival folk activity. In recent years, it has become more and more influential, attracting many outsiders to participate in bird racing every year. Birdlife exchange experience and experience of bird breeding, the scene is very warm. All the birds participating in the bird race are male thrushes. The competition is divided by drawing lots. The thrushes in the competition win the competition through singing, momentum and "martial arts".

In addition, Hongcun also held China (Huangshan) rural International Tourism Festival, international mountain bike Festival, China Yi County Photography Festival, Lu Village Lantern Festival and other activities.

Reception of celebrities

Famous specialty

Film and television works

Hongcun town is known as "the southern part of the Yangtze River covered with smoke and rain, and the ancient and modern times are discussed with two sleeves of breeze". It is the birthplace of Huizhou culture and one of the important gathering places of ancient Huizhou merchants.

Over the years, it has been favored by many film and television producers and directors at home and abroad, and has become a well-known natural film and television shooting base. Classic costume action films such as crouching tiger, hidden dragon and Su Qi'er are shot in Hongcun.

Hongcun town regularly launched a large-scale tourism live cultural performance "Hongcun Aju". The theater covers an area of 45 Mu and a building area of 17000 square meters. Based on the ancient Huizhou culture, a Ju in Hongcun reproduces the story of Huizhou women who are virtuous, hardworking, managing their families, teaching their children, working hard, loyal and guarding their homes.

Main attractions

summary

The main tourist attractions of Hongcun town are Hongcun, Pingshan, Lucun, mukeng and Tachuan. By the end of 2015, there were 5 A-level scenic spots in Hongcun Town, including 1 AAAAA scenic spot and 2 AAAA scenic spots. With unparalleled ancient water systems Shuizhen, yuezao and Nanhu, it is known as "chengzhitang and peidetang" of the National Palace Museum. "Sanlitang and yuexutang" in the hometown of Hui merchants, and "Nanhu academy" in ancient times are well preserved. In Lu Village, there are well preserved wooden buildings composed of Zhicheng hall, Siqi hall, Siji hall, Sicheng hall, glass hall and so on. There are seven ancestral halls in Pingshan, including Guangyu hall and Chengdao hall. There are also some places of interest, such as Sangu temple, Hongmiao, Changning lake, shuxiuwen's former residence, hulujing, xiaoxiulou, etc. The architectural style, spatial layout, interior decoration and environmental construction of the ancient villages of Hongcun, Lucun and Pingshan have reached a fairly high level, representing the highest level of architecture and living environment since the Tang and Song dynasties.

scenic spot

The buildings in Hongcun town are mainly residential buildings and private gardens, as well as public facilities such as academies and ancestral halls. All kinds of buildings

Chinese PinYin : Hong Cun Feng Jing Qu