Xiameigu residence

Xiameigu residence is located 12 kilometers southeast of Wuyishan City, under the jurisdiction of Wuyi town. Xiamei village has a long history, rich cultural heritage and rich cultural heritage. The ancient dwellings of Ming and Qing Dynasties are located on both sides of dangxi, which is more than 900 meters long. Ancient streets, ancient wells, ancient docks, ancient buildings, ancient dwellings, ancient markets, together with the simple customs, constitute a typical style of southern water town.

Xiameigu residence

Xiameigu residence is an integral part of Wuyishan World Cultural Heritage site in Fujian Province. It is only 8 kilometers away from the national tourist resort. Xiamei ancient village is located 12 kilometers southeast of Wuyishan City. It has a long history and rich culture. The Ming and Qing Dynasty style ancient dwellings integrate brick carving, stone carving and wood carving art. It has a simple appearance and rich local flavor, forming a unique architectural complex. More than 900 meters of artificial canals pass through the village. Along the two rivers, there are pavilions, beautiful people's seats, ancient streets, ancient wells, ancient docks, ancient buildings Ancient dwellings, ancient markets, and simple customs have created a typical water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

Historical evolution

In the early Qing Dynasty, Xiamei village entered the heyday of development and became an important tea distribution center in Wuyishan. The artificial canal in the middle of the village -- dangxi

The eight docks were busy with loading and unloading, and there were 300 rafts per day, and there was no stop of transshipment (Chongan county annals). The prosperity of tea trade brought prosperity to the place. The four brothers of Zou family in Xiamei got millions of money and became the richest man in Xiamei. They built more than 70 luxury houses. Before and after that, the surnames of Fang, Cheng, Yue and Chen also built houses in Xiamei, forming a unique architectural community and forming a scale. These buildings take dangxi as the central axis and pillow the river. There are luxurious houses of great businessmen, official houses, other businesses of trapped scholars, and school and Library of Confucian scholars. Their functions are mainly residential, supplemented by educational, assembly, leisure and entertainment facilities. Xiamei village has still maintained a relatively complete style of Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the ancient style still exists, which provides evidence of the economic development in the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong.

Architectural features

The facade of Xiamei residential building is decorated with brick carvings and suspended buildings. The green tile roof is erected gently. The walls are built with bricks and wooden columns. The use of cantilever beams to reduce columns, expand the building space, East Pavilion, West Wing, library platform. The external structure is mainly high fire wall, which reflects the villagers' closed and conservative consciousness. The layout of the dwellings is scattered, the lanes are winding, and the boudoir building, book Pavilion, other industry, garden and wing room are the important parts of xiameigu dwellings. Forming the unique style of Xiamei residence. For the purpose of lighting, rain collection and ventilation, square patios are set up in all the dwellings. Under the patio, long stone flower racks are generally set up for householders to raise and enjoy flowers. One is the courtyard and the other is the hall, which embodies the philosophy of the unity of man and nature in ancient China.

Tourism characteristics

Brick carvings, stone carvings, wood carvings and wall paintings are a wonderful work of xiameigu dwellings. All the gatehouses are decorated with exquisite brick carvings, reflecting luxury and wealth. Brick carving is mainly relief, but also hollow carving. The contents are mostly from historical figures, myths and legends, folk auspicious scenery and flowers, etc. The design is exquisite, the characters are lifelike, the environment is natural, the implication is deep, the charm is flexible, the rich cultural charm is displayed, and the good wishes of the ancient working people are expressed. In the brick carvings, for example, there are five bats flying in the sky. The bats head down, which has the same meaning as the inverted "Fu". The heat in the pot converges with the bat, which symbolizes "good fortune"; the bottle is filled with Ruyi, which symbolizes "all the best, good luck and peace", and the bottle is filled with a sword, which is called "upgrade the bottle"; a person standing on a monster's head with one foot is "the best", and there are other patterns, such as flowers and clouds, which symbolize "prosperity of flowers" and "coming from the East".

Stone carvings are mainly used in stone foundations, door pawns, stone drums, flower racks, pool bars, well bars, water tanks and other objects. They are not only practical products, but also decorations. They are fine crafts with both appreciation and use. The wood carvings of xiameigu dwellings are also wonderful, including beams, suspended ceiling, tables and chairs, railings, window lattice, column foundation, etc., especially the window lattice. The windows are mainly in the pattern of transparent flowers, which are four, six, and eight lattice windows. Window lattice has narrative lattice, parallel lattice and so on, to maximize the artistry. Most of the woodcarving patterns are based on animals and plants, characters and auspicious clouds, which are popular among the masses. They show the traditional virtues of hardworking, kindness, loyalty and filial piety of the ancient working people in Fujian.

In xiameimin Curie, there are still more than ten ancient plaques, which can be divided into tangzhai plaque, Shouban plaque and jingban plaque. These plaques are rich in connotation and exquisite in calligraphy, which not only records the profound cultural history of Xiamei village, but also is a treasure of calligraphy art. Among them, the "government hall" written by Wang Jie, Minister of military aircraft in the Qing Dynasty is even more valuable.

The admission fee for xiameigu residence is 46 yuan per person, and the tour time is half a day.

Representative building

There are nearly 40 dwellings in Xiamei, such as Zou's ancestral hall, Xishui bieye, Zou's dafudi, Zhengzheng hall, Chen's Confucianism main hall, Zou's house boudoir building, Fang's army joining house, Cheng's hermit's house, as well as Zhenguo temple, Tianyi well and other ancient buildings.

Zou's ancestral hall

Located in the north of dangxi, Linxi, it was built in 1790, covering an area of more than 200 square meters. It is of brick and wood structure. It was jointly built by Zou's Maozhang and Yingzhang Shidi. The gate of the ancestral hall is shaped by a curtain Pavilion, with a symmetrical brick carving pattern. In order to reflect the dunben tradition of the Chinese family, it is decorated with two pieces of seal cutting calligraphy, namely "Woody" and "water source", which means that the family lineage is like the origin of wood and the source of water. In front of the ancestral hall, there are stone for horse and drum, which are used by the descendants who come to worship their ancestors. There are inscriptions on the temple rules and the history of the ancestral temple. The main hall is open, with wing rooms on both sides and a stage upstairs. The front porch is a delicate wooden column arch, with unique shape, and can be hung with palace lanterns and flower lanterns. Zhaobi is a four in one wooden screen door, whose main body is ethics, patriarchal clan system and life interest. Its wind and fire wall is a double wave shape, with great momentum. There are banquet facilities and altars in the temple, which have been destroyed seriously during the cultural revolution.

Zou's dafudi

Located in the North Street of Xiamei village, it was built in the Qing Dynasty. It was named because the owner of the house was granted "Zhongxian official" by the imperial court. The ground at the gate of the house is paved with bluestone, and the stone for horse and flagpole on both sides are still in good condition. The front wall of the gate is decorated with brick carvings with rich themes, vivid images and rich flavor of life. The technique is a combination of relief and openwork carvings, with clear layers and proper composition. The windows on both sides are decorated with wood carvings, such as bats, flowers and geometric figures, which set off the magnificence of the building. The sparrows in the house were also decorated with wood carvings, and the pillars were originally hung with gold clasps. Each patio has two stone flower racks, one high and one low. In the back of the house, there is a garden named "xiaofanchuan", which is in the shape of Jiangnan garden. There are "Jingyue" platform, goldfish pond, chess playing platform, stone flower rack, etc. The garden is planted with Podocarpus arvensis, with inlaid windows inlaid with double-sided brick carvings. By borrowing the scenery, it gives people the aesthetic feeling of "the flower shadow of the partition wall is moving, and it is suspected that it is a jade man". The whole building is spacious and bright, showing the wealth and prominent status of the protagonist. The house is one of the best preserved among many ancient people in Xiamei village. In 2000, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Fujian Province.

Dali Lane

It is located at the gate of Fangzhai in Xiamei North Street, close to Fangzhai's "No. The lane was built in 1755, when the descendant of Zou Maozhang, the richest man in Xiamei, built a house in the south of Fang's house. The back walls of the two families were close to each other, so they could not open the back door. Fang's family guarded the border outside the Great Wall, and some soldiers died in battle. They were loyal families. Their families were poor. Zou's family thought Fang's family had meritorious service and often subsidized silver pension. The Fang family was grateful, so they gave way to the wall. The Zou family opened the back door and built an alley more than 10 Zhang by the wind and fire wall to the east of the Fang family, which cost hundreds of liang of silver. This lane was later known as "Dali lane", implying the meaning of "being reasonable".

Administration hall

Located on the right side of the Zou family, it is a two hall three entrance structure with a Book Pavilion and a flower garden. It also preserves the ancient furniture of Cantonese style, such as Luohan chair and wooden bed of Qing Dynasty style. Its exquisitely carved patterns are amazing. The plaque of "Zhengzheng hall" with the title of Wang jieqin, one of the four great scholars in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, was hung on the hall and is still well preserved.

Boudoir house

Located in Zou's family in Xiamei North Street, it is a subsidiary building in the imperial residence, mainly for the family's young ladies, wives and concubines. The structure of this building is exquisite. It is a double-layer floor: the bottom floor is decorated with decorative patterns; the top floor is paved with square bricks, and the pattern is neat. The ceiling is decorated with exquisite woodcut patterns, and the four walls are carved with windows. You can enjoy the scenery outside the window.

The main hall of Confucianism

Located in Xiamei North Street, it is a two hall and three entrance building. Because the house owner Chen Yong was selected as the candidate for the main hall of Confucianism, a plaque was made and hung in the hall to show off his family status. The villagers called his mansion "the main hall of Confucianism". There are private schools in the house, and the upper hall has a moon tower and other ancillary buildings. There are many half moon wooden tables in the house. Chen Yong won the first prize of Gongyuan. The successful candidate for the main hall of Confucianism has been on the wall of the house for a hundred years. The article says, "master Chen of your mansion is named Yong, and he is recommended to be the first prize of Gongyuan in the five classics Chinese style in Fengzhi township. The Advisory official department is the candidate for the main hall of Confucianism." the plaque of the main hall of Confucianism is also well preserved.

Address: No.1, Houxiang, Xiamei village, Wuyishan City, Nanping, Fujian Province

Longitude: 118.046165161

Latitude: 27.667606981207

Tour time

Chinese PinYin : Xia Mei Gu Min Ju