The Kui gate

The entrance to the west end of Qutang gorge is the west gate of Qutang gorge, also known as Qutang pass. The cliffs on both sides of Kuimen are several hundred feet high and less than one hundred meters wide. It is called "Kuimen". It is known as "Kuimen is the most powerful in the world". Kuimen is the landmark landscape of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Chijia mountain is in the South and Baiyan mountain is in the north. No matter what the weather is, it always has bright or dark silver glow. The Yangtze River opens this gate and flows eastward. The cliffs on both sides of the river cut like knives and axes. The mountains are high and the gorge is narrow. Looking up at the blue sky, there is a line of clouds and sky. The depth of the gorge is fast, and the narrowest part of the River is less than 50 meters.

Qutangguan

synonym

Kuimen (West entrance of Three Gorges) generally refers to qutangguan

Qutangguan, also known as Kuimen, is located at the foot of Kuimen mountain of qutangxia, Fengjie County, Three Gorges. It is an important pass to enter Shu Road in ancient times. It has been a must for military strategists since Qin and Han Dynasties. The high mountains on both sides of the river are the gateway of the Yangtze River from Sichuan basin to the Three Gorges. Because of the turbulent water potential, roaring and galloping, it is palpitating, known as "Kuimen world male".

brief introduction

Ancient Guan name. The former site is at the west entrance of Qutang gorge in the east of Fengjie County, Chongqing.

history

In Han Dynasty, Jiangguan Duwei was set up here. In 214, Liu Bei attacked Guanghan. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun led their troops up the Jingjiang River and occupied this pass, thus conquering Badong. Later, it was regarded as an important town by Shuhan. In order to take Bashu, it is necessary to obtain this pass.

Landscape features

Qutangguan, at the entrance of qutangxia, is the west gate of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, also known as "Kuimen". Under the magnificent Baidi City, it is the gateway to the Sichuan Basin. In another poem, Du Fu wrote: "the White Emperor was the town of the Three Gorges, and Qutang passed the bailaoguan pass.". From Baidi city to the East, you will enter Qutang gorge, the westernmost of the Three Gorges. It includes two sections of water gorge, the bellows gorge and the staggered gorge, from Baidi city to Daxi town (Daixi town), Wushan County, with a total length of about eight kilometers. It is the shortest and the most majestic among the Three Gorges. "The Three Gorges are bound to the Yangtze River to change its flow. Who knows, breaking Kuimen, flowing east into the sea. ". Kuimen, written in this magnificent poem by Comrade Chen Yi, is at the entrance of Qutang gorge. It's like a huge gate standing on the river, with the five characters of "Kuimen Tianxia Xiong" engraved on the rocks. Because Fengjie was called Kuizhou in ancient times, it was called Kuimen, and Qutang gorge was also called Kuixia. As the poet Du Fu of Tang Dynasty described in his poem "the Yangtze River", the Yangtze river splits this gate and flows eastward. As the saying goes: "all the rivers will prosper, and Qutang will fight for one gate." The roaring river flows through the circuitous gorge, through Kuimen, and roars.

Chijia mountain is named as Chijia mountain because the water solution containing iron oxide adheres to the weathered rock surface, and the earth rock of this mountain is red, like a person's back. Baiyanshan is named after the water solution adhering to the rock, which mainly contains calcium and looks like white salt. In the brilliant sunshine, Chijia mountain is slightly red, Baiyan mountain is gray white, across the river, a red, a plain, can be described as a spectacle.

Original name

Hanshu: "Yufu, the capital of Jiangguan, Weizhi." Duwei is second only to Taishou at the county level

The military officer, at the same level as the Taishou, is 2000 stone, which shows the importance of Jiangguan in military geography at that time. In the book of the later Han Dynasty, biography of Gongsun, Li Xianzhu said: "Jiangguan was in Chijia City, and later moved to the South Bank of the river, which is opposite to Baidi city." Chijia city is located on Chijia mountain on the North Bank of Dongjiang River in Fengjie County. Jiangguan moved back to the South Bank of Xiakou in Qutang. I don't know when it moved. Jiangguan was also called Jianguan in Han and Jin Dynasties. Li Daoyuan's notes to the water classic: "defending the pass is the place where you float the water.". In the past, Ba and Chu attacked and attacked each other several times, and took advantage of the danger to guard against each other. " "Zhang Yi said that the water and floating, not ten days and refused to Jianguan, that is to say (qutangguan). He is the Prime Minister of Cuba. "Yufu county has Gujian pass." And Wang Yin's "book of Jin · record of the tunnel": "Liangzhou - east limit Jianguan." "Gongsun shuzhuan in the book of the later Han Dynasty:" the East refused Jianguan, so there was a land of Yizhou. " From Jiangguan to the end of Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties to Song Dynasty, the appellation changed. In the first year of emperor Tianyou of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Wu, a general of Wang Jian, asked Kuidong to make an iron bar. The bar was erected at both ends of the bar, which was called Suo gorge. In the fifth year of JINGDING in the Song Dynasty, Xu Zongwu set up seven bars and river locks in the cave under the Baidi city (which should be the Baidi Temple), and two iron pillars. The character Xu Zongwu was written on it, and later generations called it tiesuoguan. (see Fengjie county annals, Guangxu 19th edition). In the Southern Song Dynasty, Tiesuo pass was called Qutang pass. "Qutang pass, the ancient Kuizhou of Tang Dynasty, is also connected with Baidi City," Lu You said in his "entering Shu" Yuan Dynasty's Yi Tong Zhi: "qutangguan to the city eight Li, pipe lock water, iron lock two." After the Southern Song Dynasty, it was called qutangguan.

Qutang pass is the ancient river pass. It was also called Jianguan in the Han and Jin Dynasties, Tiesuo Guan in the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, and Qutang Guan since the Southern Song Dynasty.

Qutangguan Site Museum

After the completion of the Three Gorges project, most of the qutangguan site will be submerged. In order to retain the memory of the history and nature of the Three Gorges, rescue and protect the vanishing cultural and natural heritage of the Three Gorges. Born and raised here, Wei Jingyu, who was once the curator of the Baidi City Museum, decided to build a private museum to display the local culture of the Three Gorges with his strong love for the Three Gorges.

Qutangguan site museum is located on the left side of qutangxiakou, facing Baidi city. Facing the river in the front, the back pillow is red. From architecture to environment, from content to form, it reflects a kind of grand spirit and realm, which constitutes a unique humanistic landscape. On the way up, the first things that come into view are the qutangguan gate inscribed by Mr. Luo Zhewen, President of the Chinese society of cultural relics, and the plaque of qutangguan site museum inscribed by Mr. Feng Qiyong, a famous scholar. On the main wall of the entrance hall, Su Shi's Fu on fudui was printed, and on the side of it was Wei Jingyu's stele of re carving Fu on fudui, which read:

Mr. Dongpo's fudui Fu is a masterpiece in his early years. Fang Qi went to Beijing to take an exam, went through Kui Fu, ascended Baidi to watch Bazhen, and visited Qutang to write Fu. Although he has the danger of capsizing, he also has the function of avoiding danger. Soothing the river is the mainstay. Every time I read the works of the sages, I think about the difficulties of the world. Su Zi said, "things naturally change with safety, and some seek safety with danger." The theory of shocking the world has been handed down so far. Yangzengxin Gong also said: "the boat is not covered in Qutang, but in pingliu; the car is not covered in mengmen Taihang, but in Kangzhuang. The so-called danger makes the people easy, and the easy makes the people lean." Lao Tzu said, "the way of Yi is as good as Yi." That's true. It's the same with boating and it's the same with people. Today, the river closure dam, calm waves and calm wind, re engraved on the left slope of the public. Those who want to travel in Qutang should not be ignorant of the principle of peace and injustice, and should not be afraid of danger in times of peace. It's for memory.

Mount the ancient fort site of qutangguan site museum, and you can see the magnificent scenery of Gaoxia Pinghu, Kuimen and Baidi ancient city. "If it's not so cold, how can we get the fragrance of plum blossom." After six years of cold and heat, Mr. Wei Jingyu founded qutangguan site museum, which is the front for people to understand, interpret and prospect the Three Gorges. It is a great contribution to the Three Gorges Cultural Tourism.

Related Poems

Because of its beautiful scenery and far-reaching cultural connotation, Qutang pass has been popular since ancient times

Since then, it has been favored by many scholars. The following excerpts are from many poems.) Who dares to live in May in Qutang. (Li Bai in Jingzhou song)

Cast wasteland ten thousand dead hair spot, give birth to Qutang Shuguan. (two songs of climbing Yueyang Tower in the rain and looking at Junshan (1) by Huang Tingjian)

Qutang meandering away, Wuxia towering. (sushi in Wushan)

Zhenyang gorge sleeve you must remember, one is Qutang shudui. (Yang Wanli in passing hutouji)

Qutang pass is really dangerous. There is another beach in front of goulou slope. (you er Jue by Wen Tianxiang)

All the waters will prosper, and Qutang will compete for one. (two songs of the Yangtze River by Du Fu)

Qutang gorge cold smoke low, Baidi city on the West. (zaqu geci Zhuzhi by Bai Juyi)

Send a message to Jia on the Qutang River, take advantage of the favorable wind. (Gong Zizhen, the Miscellaneous Poems of Jihai)

Address: Fengjie County, Chongqing

Longitude: 109.573859

Latitude: 31.041072

Traffic information: you can visit Kuimen ancient elephant Museum, ancient fort, Qutang gorge ancient plank road and other landscapes at the ferry terminal of Baidi city scenic area (you can take the ferry to the other bank free of charge with tickets)

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: all day

Chinese PinYin : Kui Men