Maweiyi

Maweiyi: maweipo, located in the west of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province. During the an Shi rebellion, Tang Xuanzong fled here and strangled Yang Guifei under the duress of the soldiers.

Maweiyi

Maweiyi, maweipo, is about 11 kilometers west of Xingping City, Shaanxi Province. It is about 39 km away from Xi'an Xianyang Airport and 53 km away from Xi'an north railway station. It was built in recent years on the basis of Yang Guifei's tomb and Huangshan palace. It mainly focuses on tourism and embodies the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty. In 2015, there were about 1.4 million visitors during the Spring Festival holiday.

During the an Shi rebellion, Tang Xuanzong fled here and strangled Yang Guifei under the duress of the soldiers.

historical event

In June 756, the army of Anlushan who rebelled against the Tang Dynasty invaded Tongguan. On July 12, Tang Xuanzong decided to leave Chang'an, the most prosperous city in the world at that time, and flee to Sichuan with Yang Guifei, Prime Minister Yang Guozhong, Prince Li Heng and eunuchs. When he arrived at Mawei post the next night, the escorting Sergeant killed Yang Guozhong, who was a disaster to the country and the people, and asked Tang Xuanzong to execute Yang Guifei immediately. At this time, Tang Xuanzong was 72 years old. He was too old to bear the ice and snow. Even though he was trembling for a moment, he let Yang Guifei take the silk belt and hang herself on a pear tree. A peerless beauty, at the age of 38, ended her life and died under the Mawei loess.

Xingping county belongs to Jingzhao Prefecture, according to Yuanhe county annals: "Xingping county east to Fu 90 Li." Another record: "Mawei's old city is 23 Li northwest of the county." Accordingly, Mawei is 113 li away from Chang'an. It is twenty-eight Li from Jincheng. The Tang emperor and his party arrived at Jincheng in the middle of the night. On the first day, they traveled 85 Li. They were very tired. It was impossible to leave too early on the second day. Therefore, when the brigade arrived at Mawei at noon, they were preparing to have lunch in Mawei city. Another cause of the mutiny was that lunch was not available. According to the relevant historical materials, the soldiers were both tired and hungry. The most notable one is that the Tibetan envoys came to Yang Guozhong with no food. Then the time of Mawei's change can be concluded that it took place at noon on June 4. If we go deeper, it should be after noon noon, until noon or later. When lunch is not available, the diplomats will talk to the prime minister. Yang Xuan and his wife were killed at the same time, but Wei Fangjin, the imperial historian, was killed when Yang Guozhong was killed and scolded the soldiers. Later, Wei Jiansu was killed and wounded in the head by the rebels. After the above events, it was the emperor's turn to hear the news, and Gao Lishi asked for the reason. Chen Xuanli asked and killed Yang Guifei. Li Longji didn't answer, repeated several times, and had to order death. In this way, after the death of Yang Guifei, the time for the Fourth Army to strike the rebellion was near.

The mystery of Yang Guifei's death

Mystery 1: Yang Guifei's graveyard is still in Mawei, where Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin are still holding hands, and writers and poets from generation to generation are also in constant romance. In front of the cemetery, there are seven simple and vigorous characters written by Mr. Shao Lizi, "Tomb of Tang Yang's concubine". On both sides of the tomb are ancient stele corridors, followed by the giant stele of Mao Zedong's handwritten "song of Everlasting Sorrow"; up the steps, there is the newly-built Taizhen Pavilion Shengjing garden, with a white marble statue of concubine Yang standing in the middle.

However, there is a great difference between the literati's Ode and the historian's account, so there are still many questions about the final destination of Yang Guifei. One view is that Yang Guifei may have died in a Buddhist temple.

According to the biography of Yang Guifei in the old book of the Tang Dynasty, after Chen Xuanli, the general of the imperial guards, killed Yang Guozhong and his son, he strongly demanded that Yang Guifei be given a death on the ground that "future troubles still exist". But Tang Xuanzong had no choice but to give an order after saying goodbye to Yang Guifei. Yang Guifei "then hanged and died in the Buddhist chamber.".

Some people think that Yang Guifei may have died in the army, which can be seen from the description of some Tang poems. Many of Du Mu's poems, such as "crying for blood in Mawei, scattered spears in the feather forest", Zhang you's "blood buries Princess Yan", and Wen Tingyun's "returning to the soul has no experience, green smoke extinguishes, and the blood buries nothing to grow green grass worries", all believe that Princess Yang was killed by the chaotic army in Mawei post, rather than forced to hang to death. Some people say that there are other possibilities for Yang Guifei's death. For example, some people say that she actually died by swallowing gold. This view only appears in the poem maweixing written by Liu Yuxi. There is also a saying that Yang Guifei did not die in Mawei post, but was demoted as a commoner and was transferred to the people. Mr. Yu Pingbo made textual research on Bai Juyi's song of everlasting regret and Chen Hong's biography of song of everlasting regret in his treatise on poetry, CI and qu. He thinks that Bai Juyi's song of everlasting regret and Chen Hong's biography of song of everlasting regret have another meaning.

Another theory is that Yang Guifei finally fled to Japan. In the fifth issue of cultural translation published in 1984, Zhang Lian translated the Japanese article "stories from China" and said that it was a maid who hanged maweiyi at that time. Chen Xuanli, the general of the imperial guards, was attracted by the beauty of the imperial concubine. He couldn't bear to kill her, so he conspired with Gao Lishi and killed his maid instead. Escorted by Chen Xuanli's confidants, Yang Guifei fled south. She sailed out to sea around today's Shanghai, wandered on the sea, and then came to kutanmachi, Japan for a long time. Finally, she lived in Japan. However, it is still difficult to understand the situation of his life and death.

Tomb of Yang Guifei

The tomb of Yang Guifei was also repaired and protected in the past dynasties. According to historical records, the Ming Dynasty has become a place where "100 step cultivation is forbidden".

In 1937, under the advocacy of Shao Lizi, chairman of Shaanxi provincial government, the largest restoration was carried out. Yang Guifei's cemetery is basically the pattern of Shao Lizi's major. Entering the gate, there is a three room antique sacrificial hall on the front of the cemetery. Passing through the hall, you can enter the courtyard. Facing the center of the courtyard is Yang Guifei's tomb. It is about 3 meters high and covers an area of 0.16 acres. It is built with green bricks around the earth. There is a small stone tablet in front of the tomb, on which is engraved "Yang's Tomb of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty".

The eastern, Western and Northern corridors around the tombs form the corridor of Steles, on which are inlaid steles of different sizes and rich contents. These steles are the feelings and chants of celebrities of all ages after visiting. Luo Yin, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, once wrote a poem: "the willows in Mawei are green, and Luan Yu is lucky to return to Sichuan. Under the spring, aman should say something. This time, she will be more guilty of Yang Fei. " Lin Zexu, who was assigned to Yili after the Opium War, wrote a poem about the tomb of Taizhen in Shaanxi Province. One of the poems is: "what's the matter with the six armies? I'm willing to die for the king. Cast a moth eyebrow an officer, the world from now on reborn male He Chengyan, a man of Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem: "the nishang surprised the emperor of Taicang, but the emperor lost his idea. Tanabata League words can't forget, morning glory to scold Li Sanlang Zhao Changling, a man of Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem: "if you don't believe in Qujiang, you will believe in Lushan, and the Yuyang drum will shake Qinguan. The cause of the disaster is the king. Why should we blame Yuhuan when we pour out our country? "

Address: West of Xingping County, Shaanxi Province

Longitude: 108.4854316

Latitude: 34.2992352

Chinese PinYin : Ma Wei Yi