Wang muchI

It was called "yaochi" in ancient times. The Queen Mother's pool is a three-way temple with a rectangular plane, which is composed of gate, Queen Mother's pool, Queen Mother's hall, east-west side hall, east-west ear room, etc. Through the small bridge, you can get to the backyard only after climbing the steps. According to the "immortal stele" carved in the courtyard of Wang Mu Chi in 1844, it is recorded that "Wang Mu Chi is a famous scenic area at the foot of Dai Lu, and pilgrims come in an endless stream in spring." In particular, the "March 3" peach Festival is unprecedented.

Wang muchI

Wangmu pool is located in the east of Huanshan road in Tai'an City, Shandong Province, and in the south of Hushan Reservoir. The queen mother is the leader of all the fairies in heaven and all the Yin Qi in heaven and earth. A goddess who protects marriage and childbirth. The founder of Quanzhen religion. Queen mother became an important Chinese folk belief in Han Dynasty. Cao Zhi of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms has a poem that "pass the Wang Mu Lu in the East and overlook the five mountains", while Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty has a poem that "drink the Wang Mu pool in the morning and cast the sky gate in the evening", which shows that the temple has a long history. The Queen Mother pool is divided into two courtyards. In the front yard, there is the Queen Mother spring, the spring water is clear and sweet; in the back yard, there is the Qizhen hall, and the clay sculptures in the hall look different and lifelike. There is a waterfall Pavilion in the East and laojuntang in the West. The "Yuanyang stele" of the Tang Dynasty (now moved to Tai'an Dai Temple) was once listed.

summary

Mount Tai has a long history, and so has Tai'an City. In the long process of historical development, the ancient Tai'an City has gradually developed due to the needs of emperor's worship of Zen, people's ritual of God, and literati's travel, and gradually formed a unique pattern of "mountain city integration" that mountains do not press the city, cities do not occupy mountains.

After thousands of years of construction, today, the mountain representing "heaven" and the city representing the human world are skillfully combined and integrated. The city looks up to the mountains, and the mountains borrow the brightness of the city. The natural and cultural landscapes complement each other. The ancient relics and contemporary works reflect each other, forming a very magnificent and meaningful landscape group. People call the scenic spots and historic sites at the junction of the mountain and the city, which starts from Zhongxi wangmuchi in the East and ends at Xixi Dazhong bridge in the west, and is connected by a ring road around the mountain, the "beautiful area" of Mount Tai. At the east end of Huanshan road lies the Queen Mother pool. Wangmu pool is a group of ancient buildings with mountains and rivers, high and low, exquisite and compact. "Taishan Shuji" records: "the original name of Wangmu pool is" yaochi ", commonly known as Wangmu pool. On the pool is qunyu nunnery, where the queen mother is worshipped. Next to Qiu, there is feiluan spring in front of it "Dai history" also said: "the yellow emperor built a view of Daiyue, sent seven women, cloud crown feather clothes, and worshipped incense to meet the queen mother of the west, so it was named." However, Cao Zhi's poem of "passing Wang Mu Lu in the East" in the Three Kingdoms period shows that Wang Mu Chi has a long history.

The Queen Mother's pool was built on the West Bank of Zhongxi river. There was a queen mother's washing house beside the river, and the water of Zhongxi river was renamed "washing River". The original Queen Mother bridge on the river was abandoned. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, a stone bridge was built on the river, named "Baxian bridge". There is a stone cave under the north-east wall of the bridge, which is called "luzu cave". It is said that LV Dongbin once made alchemy here. There are steles embedded in the cave. It is said that it is LV Dongbin's poem, but the diction is crude, which is not enough to be seen. It is also done by boring scholars. To the north of luzudong is the dam of Hushan Reservoir, which is the same as the dam of Longtan Reservoir. The difference is that a Guanlan bridge nearly 100 meters long is built on the dam. Every rainy season, six piers divide the water into seven groups, forming seven waterfalls. Only those who have seen it know that the man-made landscape is very moving as long as it is just right. The Hushan Reservoir and the Longtan Reservoir in Xixi, one east and one west, one tiger and one dragon, guard the two valleys in front of the mountain and accumulate two green waves, just like two crystal green Jadeites at the foot of Mount Tai.

Wangmuchi building complex has a long history and has been rebuilt from generation to generation. It has reached an almost perfect state, so it has been favored by all generations. For more than a hundred years, many temples near the Queen Mother pool, such as Yaowang hall, Laojun hall, Houtu hall and so on, have disappeared, but the Queen Mother pool has been well preserved.

Wangmuchi is a three way temple with a rectangular plan, 73.6 meters long from north to South and 53 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 3900 square meters. It is composed of gate, wangmuchi, wangmuchi hall, dongxipeidian, dongxierlang, Yuexian Pavilion, Qizhen hall and Penglai Pavilion.

The buildings of wangmuchi and Doumu palace belong to the same type. They are built close to the mountains and water. They all have houses specially built for watching the water. They are very harmonious with the surrounding environment and are very pleasant. Therefore, since ancient times, from Cao Zhi, Li Bai to Yuan Haowen, it has been mentioned in poems. Wangmuchi is indeed an excellent place.

architectural composition

Wangmu pool is located in the east of Huanshan Road, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. It was called qunyu temple in ancient times, also known as yaochi. Cao Zhi of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms has a poem that "pass the Wang Mu Lu in the East and overlook the five mountains", while Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty has a poem that "drink the Wang Mu pool in the morning and cast the sky gate in the evening", which shows that the temple has a long history. The Queen Mother pool is built near the stream, with pavilions and pavilions on the three-story platform. The red walls and black tiles are hidden among the green pines and cypresses. A plaque inscribed by Xu zonggan in Daoguang reign of Qing Dynasty is embedded on the mountain gate. Inside the gate is a pool, surrounded by stone railings and a medium arch bridge. Chi Dongli's "monument of digging spring in Mount Tai" describes Feng Yuxiang's process of digging Chaoyang spring here in 1932. There is Wangmu spring in Chixi cave, with clear and sweet water. In chibei cave, there is the stele of rebuilding the palace of Queen Mother in Song Dynasty.

Up the steps to the main hall, there is a bronze statue of the queen mother of the Ming Dynasty. Hall on both sides of the ear room, in front of the hall. The East Hall is inscribed with "Guanlan Pavilion" and "Yanshi Mountain House"; the West Hall is the hall of medicine king, originally dedicated to Sun Simiao, and now is the exhibition room of Taishan cultural relics.

There is Qizhen hall, also known as luzu hall, on the base of the backyard platform. In the hall, there were seven vivid statues of Lu Dongbin, Li Tieguai, he Xiangu and Lu Zu's disciples Liu Shujing, Miao Qing, Jiao Chengguang and Jixiao hall in the Ming Dynasty.

In 1946, when Chen Yi ascended Mount Tai, he directed that funds be allocated to protect the glass cover. In 1966, the statue was destroyed, and in 1986, it was rebuilt. In the east of the hall, there is Penglai Pavilion connected with the hall. There is Yuexian Pavilion in front of the hall. The original feiluan spring in front of the temple was rebuilt as a fountain in 1956. There is Chaoyang spring in the south of the pool, which was dug by Feng Yuxiang to solve the problem of drinking water for Taicheng residents.

In the east of the temple lies Zhongxi juejian, which is called "huanshui" in Shanhaijing. In the old days, the building of the comb house for the queen mother was built across the stream, so it is commonly known as the comb river. There is Qiu in the stream. "Shuijingzhu" said: "the ancient emperor Sheng Feng, salt rest on this water." There is Baxian bridge in the south of the bay. There are many inscriptions in the south of the bridge, such as "general stone", "clean source", "water is not deep". Li YangZheng's poem in the Ming Dynasty: "the scenery of yaochi is more secluded when you trample on it in autumn. The water is clear as jade, and the song is old as Qiu. It's cold at the foot of the mountain and sleeps on the stone. Suddenly I heard the sound of the green bird, as if I had come to kunqiu. "

Historical research

Taishan wangmuchi Taoist temple, known as qunyu temple in ancient times, is located at the south foot of Taishan Mountain and at the mouth of zhongxigukou at the junction of mountain and city. It is located at the foot of feiqiu mountain, near the Maoxi River in the East and the Hushan Reservoir in the north, belonging to the "beautiful area" of Taishan Scenic Area. Nie Jianguang of Qing dynasty recorded in the records of Taishan Daoli that qunyu temple was dedicated to the queen mother. Pang guimeng, the refiner of the Song Dynasty, lived here. He gave his purple clothes and inscribed them on the stone. Later generations added medicine king hall and Guanlan Pavilion In front of the temple In ancient times, there was Queen Mother bridge, but now it is abandoned. Next to it is Lu Gong cave, which is called "Genesis cave" in Wei Hong's poems of Tang Dynasty, and "Jinmu cave" in Ji You's poems of Song Dynasty. There is a queen mother's building, commonly known as the toilet building.

The origin of the term "qunyu nunnery" is hard to check. According to Cao Zhi's "immortal chapter" in the Three Kingdoms period, Cui Aiguo and Ji Aiqin believed that there were early buildings here. Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei dynasty recorded in shuijingzhu that "in ancient times, emperors were promoted to the throne, and the water was salty. There were often stone orifices on the water, which covered the place where the ancient buildings crossed." Liu Hui believes that this is the beginning of the Queen Mother's pool with the name of water. The six poems of Taishan Yin written by Li Bai in Tang Dynasty contain the sentence of "drinking from the Queen Mother pool in the morning". There is no documentary evidence whether there is a temple or not. It can be seen from the "Shuangshu tablet records" that in the seventh year of the Dali Period of the Tang Dynasty, Dai Zong sent Wei Chengxin, an internal servant, to the Daiyue temple for fasting, and told the Queen Mother pool. This is an earlier record of the official recognition of the Queen Mother pool. But at this time, several official visits and complaints were aimed at Daiyue temple. The independent status of "yaochi" is not very obvious. It may be a subsidiary of Daiyue temple. There is no literature about whether there is a temple or not.

The earliest record of Wang Mu Chi's palace in the literature is that in the eighth year of the Song Dynasty, Li Er's stone carving of Wang Mu Chi's garden was originally placed at the root of the wall of the two mountain gates in Wang Mu Chi, but it's a pity that it's not found today. In the eighth year of Yuanyou reign, daiyueguan rebuilt the palace of queen mother, built a mountain wall, and built a garden. In the literature of Mount Tai, the inscription is often used to cite the historical place of wangmuchi. Nie Jianguang quoted Li'er's saying in his Taishan Daoli Ji: according to song Li'er's story, the yellow emperor built Daiyue temple, sent seven women, decorated with clouds and feathers, to meet the queen mother of the West. Li Er of Song dynasty recorded a myth and legend in the inscription, and the stone was placed in the Queen Mother pool. It shows that the name of qunyu'an in Song Dynasty has a long history, and there is no accurate literature record, so it is impossible to trace it. Nie Jianguang thinks that "the saying is far from being true, so it can't be ignored." In the local documents of Mount Tai, "qunyu nunnery" can not be examined, but there is no ambiguity in referring to today's wangmuchi Taoist temple. But from the text, the Song Dynasty's wangmuchi is inseparable from the Daiyue temple in Mount Tai. The construction of a garden in the wangmuchi is also within the scope of the reconstruction of Daiyue temple.

Nie Jianguang mentioned that Pang guimeng was given purple clothes in Taishan Daoli Ji, which is actually a misreading of Li ruoqing and other titles in the fifth year of song Huangyou. These titles are engraved on the same stone as the story of running a garden. Dai LAN thinks that if Nie Jianguang and others read them on the right, they should read them on the left. It is a record of what kind of Taoist positions Li ruoqing and other Taoists were in charge of, and they were awarded purple clothes by Daozheng

Chinese PinYin : Wang Mu Chi