Gounan xudi tourist area

Gounan village is located in the northern suburb of Shantou City, covering an area of 15000 square kilometers. It is located in the tidal delta. The ancestors moved to Fujian from Xuchang in the Central Plains. In modern history, there are many famous people in the Xu family, such as Xu Xiangguang, the hero of anti British war, Xu Guangping, Mr. Lu Xun's wife and so on. In front of the ancestral hall, the towering flagpole seat and the mottled "Yaozu" stele are the witness of history. Ancestral temple, folk house, folk art and folk custom are the epitome of Chaoshan traditional culture.

Gounan xudi tourist area

More than 700 years ago, Shantou was still a land of vicissitudes. At the foot of the southern foot of the Sangpu mountain, there is a place called Zilong, where a group of people surnamed Xu migrated from Fujian. They built simple earth houses here to cultivate and breed. Since then, in the modern and contemporary history of China, there have been many powerful descendants of the Xu family from Zilong. Here are Xu Xiangguang, the hero of anti British war, Xu Yingrong, the two ministers, Xu Yingrong, the upright official of the first generation, Xu Zhuo, the founder of the 1911 Revolution, Xu Huairen, the peasant leader, Xu Chongqing, the famous educator, and Xu Guangping, the outstanding Chinese woman.

historical origin

They represent the epitome of China's modern and modern revolutionary history, condense the seven hundred year glorious course of the Xu family, reflect the outstanding people in Chaoshan, and confirm the good reputation of Chaoshan as a coastal Zou Lu. This is today's "gounan xudi".

geographical position

Gounan xudi is located in gounan village, Yuepu street, north suburb of Shantou City, and the northeast corner of Jinping District borders Chaozhou. It was built in the late Southern Song Dynasty (about 1217). It is less than one kilometer from Anbu to Shantou University. Take bus No.52 from Shantou City (the original bus No.101 has changed its route) and you can get there directly. It is backed by the lion mountain and the chimney faces the Hanjiang River. Located in the chaochengjie triangle, it is the entrance to the sea of Wuling in South China. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a human settlement, named zipanlong. Sangpu mountain was in the north of it, and the tributary of Hanjiang River crossed the south of it. Because the whole village was surnamed Xu, it was called "gounan Xu Di". It covers an area of 1.5 square kilometers and has a population of more than 1800 people. It is only 7 kilometers away from the city center. Its ancient name is Zilong. The whole village is surnamed Xu. It is said that the Xu family is descended from the Yuan Dynasty of Emperor Yan. The original surname is Jiang. King Wu of Zhou granted his grandson uncle Wen to the state of Xu (now Xuchang, Henan Province). The descendants take the state as their surname. The ancestors migrated from Xuchang in the Central Plains to the Han Dynasty, which was divided into South and North branches. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, there was a "wild tusk howling rebellion" between Fujian and Guangdong, which disobeyed the orders of the central government. Tang Gaozong sent Chen Zheng, Chen Yuanguang and his son to lead more than 5600 officers and men, appointed Xu Tianzheng as the deputy general, and led 123 officers and men to form a mighty team to fight. Xu Tianzheng was granted the title of training envoys of Quan and Zhang regiments for his meritorious service in the war. He also presented the title to the grand captain in front of the hall and attacked general Xuanwei. According to the emperor's will, Chen Zheng, Chen Yuanguang and Xu Tianzheng and all the soldiers who went to take part in the pacification settled in Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Chaozhou. Xu Tianzheng was first stationed in Nanzhao (today's Zhaoan, Fujian), and later lived in Quanzhou. Xu Tianzheng's descendants are now all over Fujian and Guangdong. They all regard Xu Tianzheng as their founder. Xu lie, the 11th generation descendant of Xu Tianzheng, moved from Zhao'an to Chaozhou during the reign of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty and built a house beside Hanshan. Xu lie is the founder of the Xu family in Chaozhou. Xu lie is also the father of "Chaozhou eight sages" Xu Shen. Later, his grandson Xu Jue was the son-in-law of Princess De'an of Yingzong in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xu Zhaoji, the tenth grandson of Xu lie, had four sons. After Xu Zhaoji died, his fourth son, Xu Honglie, moved out of Chaozhou City to live in gounan village, Jieyang county. Gounan village used to belong to Chenghai County, but now it belongs to Shantou City. Xu Zhaoji and his fourth son Xu Honglie came here from Chaozhou for 700 years, and spread to the 15th. One branch stayed in the local area, and then moved to Mabu Malong. During the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, one branch moved to Guangzhou and became a famous family in Guangzhou.

Standing on the mountain, gounan village is like a big flower basket. Pistils fall on the world, the scenery is unique. There is a saying that "crab geomantic omen, aura Zhuang Wang". The two lakes in the north and the south, surrounded by neat and square ancient dwellings, are dotted with dozens of big trees over 100 years old in the green of "front bracts and back bracts". It is said that a bird, carrying a tree seed, grows into a big tree. People take it as a symbol of "grace" and settle down here to start a business. The ancestors planted and protected trees, loved and fed birds, which reflected the Chaozhou people's worship and love for nature and environment. Hunan is an idyllic landscape: green trees from the edge, crisscross fields, fish pond against the sun, golden paddy fields. The white duck floats in the green water and the goose's paw floats in the clear water. A small road connects Miao Nao of Shantou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, just like the branches of a flower basket in the endless forest. The lakeside is an ecological garden surrounded by leisure grassland and covered bridges for people to fish and taste mullet. It is really Shantou's "City villa". Banyan trees in gounan village have a history of more than 100 years. The oldest one is more than 700 years old. It is said that it was planted at the beginning of the late Song Dynasty when the village was just built. They have witnessed the historical changes of gounan village. LAN GUI lake is famous for LAN Gui Qi Fang, which means that when their children grow up, they will win the laurel from LAN GUI. Laurel is the laurel, and laurel is the champion. That is to encourage reading in the meaning. Most of the reservoirs in front of Chaoshan people's villages were taken out when they built houses. They can not only travel boats, wash roads, raise fish and prevent fire, but also regulate the humidity of the air and maintain the underground water level. At the same time, the size of the reservoirs is also a symbol of the strength of the village. Langui lake is 400 meters long and 60 meters wide. The water surface is wide and the environment is clean. Every year, dragon boat races are held in the village during the Dragon Boat Festival, which is the busiest time of the year in langui lake.

At the entrance of gounan village, there is an antique screen wall. There are four words on it: gounan xudi. Who wrote these four words? This man has a long history. He is Mr. Lu Xun. Of course, we contemporary people can't ask Mr. Lu Xun to write these four words for gounan. This is a combination of Lu Xun's words. So why use Mr. Lu Xun's words? Because this is the hometown of Mr. Lu Xun's wife Xu Guangping. In 1922, Xu Guangping, a rebellious woman of the Xu family in gounan, met Lu Xun, the anti feudal Yihua standard bearer in Beijing. Later, she became a lifelong partner and made outstanding contributions to the Shitong new culture movement. Behind the screen wall is an exquisite piece of Chaozhou kylin inlaid with porcelain. It is said that only the book of history can afford the half squatting and half standing kylin.

Around the Zhaobi, the east gate of gounan village, we can see the typical layout of Chaoshan folk houses which pay attention to geomantic science. The meaning of Ziqi coming from the East is our ancestors' experience of "the wind comes from the East". It is an auspicious gate. The Zhaobi and the wall in front of the gate say that "the scenery is not exposed and the wealth is not spilled". Guarding the gate is this stone lion of the Ming Dynasty. It has a simple shape and protects the peace of the whole village. Next to it is a "Nanhai Shengwang Temple", which reflects the marine culture consciousness of Changchao people. Next to it is a dragon boat house, which has become the most sacred place in the village.

architectural art

When you enter the east gate, you suddenly see a row of ancient banyan trees. The Avenue along the lake is called "shangshuli": "Shangshu" is the equivalent of a minister in ancient times, and also a substitute for "learned". Xu Yingli, the 18th grandson of the Xu family, was the first minister of the Ministry of war and censor of duchayuan. Later, he was promoted to minister of the Ministry of industry and Minister of rites. Therefore, this avenue was named Shangshu street. In the past, senior officials got off their sedan chairs here and military officials got off their horses here. Shangshu street has become the center stage of the village activities.

Most of the houses in gounan village are "Sima Trailer" type buildings composed of "four point gold". The decorative arts embodied in these buildings are the cream of Chaoshan architecture. Golden lacquer wood carving has rigorous structure, ingenious design, macro symmetry and micro change. Rich Chaoshan folk paper cutting style! The stone carving has the shallow relief, the deep relief, the round carving, the penetrating carving! The most characteristic of Chaoshan is the inlaid porcelain on the ridge and eaves. All kinds of auspicious patterns create a happy and peaceful atmosphere. Dengkedi was the home of Xu nailu, the magistrate of qipinzhengtang in Chenghai county during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty. The structure it uses is a combination of Chinese and western structures. It has a history of 98 years. The three words "dengkedi" on it are made of stones. If it is made of stones, it means that it is taken back from being an official with its own talent. For example, if it is bought back from being an official with money with lime, the structure is a single back roll structure. That is to say, only one lane can save a little space, that is, it doesn't need to occupy other people's space. Next to dengkedi is sanxitang, the county master's study, which also has the most cultural flavor. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty first collected three rare calligraphy treasures, including Wang Xizhi's "Qingtie when it snows fast", Wang Xun's and Wang Xianzhi's, in Yangxin Hall of the Palace Museum in Beijing, which was named sanxitang. Later, he published "sanxitang Sutra". The owner of this room may have collected this book and named it sanxitang to show his interest The elegant style. It is worth noting that the building of this room is a combination of Chinese and Western walls, with a corridor in front of the room and two-way small steps below. After a hundred years of wind and rain, the color mosaic porcelain on the wall has taken on a new look, reflecting the pursuit of Chaoshan residents to keep pace with the times. The first refers to the residence of an official. Both the doctor and the scholar are the residence of the owner. The senior officials above five grades are called the doctor, and the senior officials above six grades are called the scholar. This magnificent dafudi and the scholar reveal the distinguished identity of the owner. But the gaolindi is the place where the scholars live. According to today's saying, they are not qualified to enter without graduating from high school In the room, you can see "Yanzi family precepts", "family motto" and classical poems everywhere, making people feel the strong scholarly atmosphere. There is an atmosphere of "studying as an official" everywhere in the village. In the alley, there are wenlindi, dafudi, Confucianist and sanxitang. Tangfang lane is the first lane in gounan village,

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