Walls and gates

Located in Guanshang village, Dachengzi Town, Miyun County, Beijing, the walled Xiongguan pass is located in the easternmost side of Miyun County, Beijing. It was built in the Ming Dynasty. It was an important pass at that time and a place for military strategists to fight for. Now it belongs to the cultural relics protection unit of Miyun County. Some world heritage volunteers visited it.

The local farmers are hospitable, the scenery is beautiful, the landscape is pleasant, the crops are rich, rich in Hongxiao pear. Apples, pears, chestnuts, jujubes, wild jujubes, walnuts, plums, hawthorn and other fruits and crops everywhere, well received by tourists.

Walls and gates

Located in Guanshang village, Dachengzi Town, Miyun County, Beijing, the walled Xiongguan pass is located in the easternmost side of Miyun County, Beijing. It was built in the Ming Dynasty. It was an important pass at that time and a place for military strategists to fight for. Now it belongs to the cultural relics protection unit of Miyun County. Some world heritage volunteers visited it.

The local farmers are hospitable, the scenery is beautiful, the landscape is pleasant, the crops are rich, rich in Hongxiao pear. Apples, pears, chestnuts, jujubes, wild jujubes, walnuts, plums, hawthorn and other fruits and crops everywhere, well received by tourists.

geographical position

Guanshang village, Dachengzi Town, Miyun County, Beijing, is 40 kilometers away from Miyun County. It is at the junction of Xinglong County, Chengde City, Hebei Province. It is the easternmost village of Miyun County

Driving route

Route: Take Beijing bus line 980 to Miyun terminal, change to Miyun No.16 bus, close the terminal and get off

Driving route: 83.2km away from Beijing Chengde expressway, exit from Wangda Road, walk along mixing road eastward, and pass by the road inspection station for 2km

history

The Qing army broke the barrier three times and built the capital of Beijing in one fell swoop

In the late Ming Dynasty, the government of Manchu Dynasty was corrupt, and the Manchu regime established by Nuzhen people rose in Kanto. Under the hard work of Nurhachi and Huangtaiji father and son, it became powerful, and constantly attacked the decadent Ming Dynasty, which made the Ming Dynasty teetering. With the successive victories of the Qing army in the battlefields outside the Shanhaiguan Pass, Huang Taiji set his eyes on Beijing, and had the potential to challenge the Central Plains at one stroke. He formulated a relatively correct strategic plan, that is, to win Beijing, he had to advance from its side road. In 1629 and 1636, Huang Taiji used this strategy to fight Beijing twice and plunder it wantonly. In 1638, Huang Taiji began to attack Beijing for the third time. This time, Huang Taiji focused on the important pass in the east of Miyun, namely, the wall ridge. Juziling is located 80 Li to the east of Miyun County. It is a dangerous pass that is easy to defend and difficult to attack. The stone city built on the pass is made of huge stones with a weight of more than 1000 kg. The height of the city is two or five feet, and the width is one or three feet. The tower is of brick and stone structure, which is extremely strong. To the north of the pass is a cliff. On the cliff there is a great wall of more than one mile long. On the wall there is a big iron cannon with a diameter of more than one foot long, and a mountain of two miles in front of the pass There is a beacon tower on the top. You can see the enemy dozens of miles away. As soon as there is an enemy situation, you can immediately light up the smoke and send out a signal. Thus, it can be seen that the wall ridge is a solid barrier to guard the capital, known as the "wall gate".

Because of the strategic position of the east gate of the capital, Huang Taiji ordered the Qing army to be divided into two groups. On September 25, the Qing army led by the right-wing generals Yue Tuo and Du Du entered the pass from Qiang Ziling, Miyun County, defeated the Ming army, joined the right-wing Qing army in Tongzhou, swept the suburbs of the capital, and the capital was under martial law. The Qing army returned after a great victory. In 1642, the Qing army went to waiziling again. In the face of the overwhelming Qing army, Wu aheng, the governor of Jiliao in the Ming Dynasty, led his army to fight a bloody battle. However, the Ming Dynasty was exhausted. Wu aheng died in the battle, and the Qing army stepped on the foot again. The Qing army left the pass after many days. In 1644, the Ming Dynasty was overthrown by Li Zicheng's uprising army, and the Qing army took advantage of the situation and went south. Under the leadership of Dorgon, it started the final strike. In May of that year, the Qing army broke the wall three times and established Beijing as its capital at one stroke, opening the prelude to the unification of China.

Historical records

On the North-South side of the Great Wall, there is a half mile long tentacle protruding to the East. On it are several iron cannons about one foot long. Facing the main road outside the pass, it is the deadly enemy of attacking the city. In the front half mile stands a beacon tower, just like a sentry with a telescope looking into the distance. In erdaohe village and Wudaohe village in the distance, stone walls with the same height, width and thickness as the great wall are locked across the narrow river. Only the crossing that can be passed by a single rider is left to prevent the attack of the enemy's cavalry. Once the enemy comes, the smoke rises from the beacon tower, and the guards can be prepared. On the North Bank of Qingshui River, there is a small town of beibaozi guarding xiaoguanmen, which can support each other with Xiongguan

.

It's about half a mile away from the yingguan pass. It's called dongdashitangtou. In the 1950s, a six foot long copper cannon was unearthed. It may be a defense line for the enemy who should break into the entrance. The ancient military facilities are admirable. Beyond the pass is the battlefield where the two armies meet. There are many legends

1、 Rouganggou

There is Xigou outside the pass. It is said that the king Chuang lost his army. At this point, the two armies started a fierce battle. Many refugees were hiding in the ditch. They were injured and killed in the scuffle. Their corpses were like hillock, so they were named rouganggou.

2、 Shelling an Ying Village

According to legend, the king of Chuang defeated his troops and set up camp in Nanyu. The big iron gun on Qinglong mountain opened fire and hit the West Cliff by mistake. It blasted a lot of rocks under the cliff. This is the name of luanshui, and Nanyu village is the camp called by the local people.

3、 General grave

About five miles away from the pass, next to erdaohe village, there is a huge ancient tomb. It is said that there was a battle between the two armies in ancient times. A general died here, and each soldier buried him with a bag of soil. In an instant, it became a big tomb. But I don't know what the name of the general is. Later generations called it "general tomb". Now, with the construction of new China's transportation, the rubble and general tomb have been destroyed For the highway, but the story has been handed down to this day.

4、 Holy spring water

According to the inscriptions of Zhenwu temple at the entrance of Xiongguan, there was a spring in ancient times. People often go to burn incense to worship and drink water to cure diseases. It is called "holy spring water", that is, the North Branch of Qinglong mountain goes to quanshuihe village. There is a clear spring at the foot of the mountain. It flows freely all the year round. The drought does not dry up. It flows to the entrance of Qinglong mountain and joins the Qingshuihe River to the West This is the origin of the name. Later generations built a little dragon king temple on the spring to commemorate it, which still exists today.

5、 One flow and two passes

In the entrance of Nanyu stockade, the stream of xialiang Huiliang East flows out from the entrance of Nanyu stockade, turns northward and flows into the entrance of juzixiong pass. Therefore, it is named "one stream and two passes".

6、 Shuiguan

The great wall goes down from Qinglong mountain and across the Qingshui River. There are three water caves to connect water and people. Some of the caves can be opened or closed and guarded. Unfortunately, in the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1900), the Qingshuihe river was flooded with firewood, which blocked the entrance of the cave. As a result, the Shuiguan was destroyed. It is a pity (it is said that a family in erdaohe village piled firewood).

7、 Official building

That is, the enemy tower where officials live. Located on the South Bank of Qingshui River, it is 20 meters long and 20 meters wide, with two floors in the south. There are four arrow windows on each side and four arches on each side,

It can accommodate many people. It's very magnificent. Unfortunately, it was destroyed in ten years of catastrophe.

8、 Gaojianlou

Located in the northeast of quanshuihe village, it is named gaojianlou because of its highest position.

In 1943, Li Maochun, a cadre of the Eighth Route Army, was surrounded and killed by Japanese secret agents

It is said that the spy was shot down when he stepped up the stairs and attacked the building in many ways. Finally, the spy pretended to leave. Maochun looked up and was hit by the spy,

The name of the hero will stay in the world forever.

9、 Iron cannon

The six and seven iron cannons on the great wall were transported to the wall road by Japanese invaders in 1942, and then robbed for ironmaking.

10、 Wang Xiaomiao top

It is the Nanshan of Xiongguan with the Great Wall on it. It is said that in ancient times, a cowherd "Wang Xiao" was released and cultivated in this mountain to become an immortal. He cooks in a golden pot,

Someone once saw it dig, and the more it dug, the more it sank, and it would never be dug out. Now I don't know where the golden pot is. Later generations built a small temple on the top, so it's named

The top of Wangxiao temple. The shape of the mountain is like phoenix spreading wings, also known as Phoenix Mountain. It faces Qinglong mountain across the river.

The legend of historic sites has changed from time to time and become an interesting story.

Address: Guanshang village, Dachengzi Town, Miyun County, Beijing

Longitude: 117.109668

Latitude: 40.392936

Transportation information: bus route: Take Beijing bus line 980 to Miyun terminal, change to Miyun No.16 bus, close the terminal and get off

Driving route: 83.2km away from Beijing Chengde expressway, exit from Wangda Road, walk along mixing road eastward, and pass by the road inspection station for 2km

Chinese PinYin : Qiang Zi Xiong Guan