Nanjing Normal University

The main source of Nanjing Normal University can be traced back to Sanjiang normal school founded in 1902, which is one of the birthplaces of China's higher normal education. Later, it went through the periods of Liangjiang Normal School, Nanjing Normal University, National Southeast University, national fourth Sun Yat sen University, national Jiangsu University, National Central University, National Nanjing University, Nanjing University, etc. the other source is 1888 Huiwen college was founded in 1951, and later developed into private Jinling University. In 1951, it merged with private Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences (formerly known as private Jinling Women's University) to establish public Jinling University. In 1952, the national colleges and departments were adjusted, and Nanjing Normal University was established on the basis of the former Nanjing University, Jinling University and other related colleges and departments. The site of the university is located in the former Jinling Women's University. In 1984, it became Nanjing Normal University. In 1996, it entered the ranks of "211 Project" universities. In 2000, Nanjing Power College was merged.

essential information

Century old Nanshi

The late Qing Dynasty

Establishment of Sanjiang and Liangjiang Normal Schools

It took nearly ten years from 1902 to 1912. Especially after Li Ruiqing presided over the school administration, he went to Japan to investigate education. After returning home, he did a lot of practical work for the school, which greatly developed the scale of Liangjiang Normal School, with more than 1000 students. Li Ruiqing's mission of running a school is to regard education as life, school as family and students as children. He wrote the school motto: "chew root, do great things." Under his leadership, the school attached great importance to science, Sinology and art. It not only invited well-known teachers from home and abroad to teach, but also set up technical subjects and experiments. It purchased more than 100 mu of farm and dozens of cattle for field experiments of students of Agronomy and natural science; set up studios and workshops for students of drawing and manual science; purchased instruments and drugs, set up laboratories for students of science and technology It is used for chemical experiment.

The examination results of the students in this school are the highest among the universities in Jiangnan. It has trained the first batch of excellent primary and secondary school teachers for the three provinces in the south of the Yangtze River. Famous biologist Bingzhi, Sinology master Hu Xiaoshi and Chen Zhongfan are the outstanding early graduates of Liangjiang Normal School.

 

The establishment of Nanjing Normal University

In 1912, after Sun Yat Sen became the provisional president, he elected Cai Yuanpei, an educator, as the chief Education officer of the provisional government. After he took office, he put forward a series of ideas for the reform of education and promulgated many educational decrees. Jia Fengzhen, President of Jiangsu Provincial second normal school, together with the Ministry of education and the provincial government office, suggested that a higher normal school should be established in Nanjing as soon as possible to train secondary school teachers. On August 30, 1914, Han Guojun, the governor of Jiangsu Province, appointed Jiang Qian (former director of Jiangsu Education Department) to prepare Nanjing Normal University for the president. According to the record, "after taking up the post of Liangjiang superior Normal University, we will make a detailed survey to see if we can repair some of the school buildings to meet the current needs." "Make sure that the preparation for this academic year is completed, so as to open the school regularly.". Soon after, Han Guojun was transferred to Anhui, but Jiang Qian did not take office. After Qi Yaolin, the successor to Jiangsu Province, came to the post, he reiterated that his predecessor had made a plan, and with the approval of the Ministry of education, he formally appointed Jiang Qian as the president, and ordered him to go to the province quickly to prepare everything, so as to start school on schedule. In the article "Jiangsu patrol envoy Qi Yaolin ordered Jiang Qian to prepare for the beginning of the school", the school running purpose of Nanjing Normal University was further clarified, "on the one hand, the higher normal university trains secondary school teachers, on the other hand, it promotes the way of further education for secondary school students, which is related to the fundamental education of the whole province." On January 17, Jiang Qian went to Nanjing. On January 18, he went to the former Liangjiang Normal School to survey the school buildings and plan to repair the classrooms. At the beginning of its establishment, the Preparatory Office of the South Normal University was set up in the provincial council. On January 29, 1915, he moved to the former site of Liangjiang Normal School.

After Jiang Qian took office, he recruited Guo Bingwen, a doctor studying in the United States, to serve as the dean of academic affairs of the University, and Chen Rong, a Bachelor of education studying in the United States, as the director of academic supervision. Yuan Xitao, the former Minister of education, Huang Yanpei, the vice president of the Provincial Education Association, and Shen Enfu, the president of the Provincial Education Association, were appointed as the assessors to brainstorm ideas for the establishment of Nanjing Normal University.

In the summer of 1915, with the planning of President Jiang Qian and the efforts of all the preparatory staff, the necessary repairs and additions were completed one after another, and the teachers were employed to the school one after another. In addition, the "general rules of Nanjing Normal University" and "general rules of recruitment and examination of Nanjing Normal University" have been drawn up. So on August 11, 1915, the examination was open to the public. There are 534 candidates from Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou and other provinces, among which Jiangsu has the most candidates. A total of 126 students were enrolled in the first enrollment, and 110 were actually enrolled. The school will begin on September 10, and a ceremony will be held on September 18 to invite governor Qi Yaolin and other local officials to attend the ceremony. So far, Nanjing Normal University was officially established. By 1921, there were 102 teachers in Nanjing Normal University, including 55 professors and 3 foreign professors, accounting for 56.8% of the total number of teachers. Among them, more than 30 had studied abroad in China. Among them, there are many well-known professors who have been engaged in normal education for a long time, such as Tao Xingzhi, Chen Heqin, Chen Zhongfan, Xu Zeling (Yangqiu), Zhang Shiyi, etc.

On April 7, 1920, President Guo Bingwen put forward a motion on the establishment of a national university on the site of nan'nan Normal University and the former site of Nanyang Business Association, which was unanimously approved by the participants. Preparations were then made. On December 7, the State Council approved the establishment of National Southeast University in Nanjing. On December 15, the Preparatory Office of Southeast University was officially established. From August 24 to 26, 1921, Southeast University and South normal university enrolled students at the same time. Southeast university enrolled 130 freshmen and South normal university enrolled 119 freshmen. In 1922, Nan Normal University stopped recruiting students. The last group of 17 students graduated in 1926.

The Education Department of Southeast University was established on the basis of the education specialty and physical education specialty of nan'nan Normal University. It began to set up three departments of education, psychology and physical education. In 1924, the rural education department was set up to train research talents, train teachers and educational administrators for the purpose of four years. Tao Xingzhi was the first director of Education Department, and Xu Zeling (Yangqiu) succeeded him after 1923; Xu Zeling was the director of Education Department; Lu Zhiwei was the director of psychology department; Rao Bingshi was the American professor of physical education department. There are 34 general practitioners, including 13 who have obtained doctoral and master's degrees at home and abroad, 17 domestic professors and 2 foreign professors. Famous professors include Xu Zeling, Chen Heqin, Tao Xingzhi, Lu Zhiwei, Zheng Zonghai, Meng Xiancheng, etc. From January 1925 to April 1927, under the order of the Beiyang government, President Zeng Sanyi of Southeast University set off a wave, which lasted for three years. In the end, the company was forced to suspend due to the turmoil of the political situation. On May 16, 1927, the education administrative committee of the national government sent members to the school to receive them.

 

the Republic of China era

National Central University

1. Establishment of National Central University

In April 1927, the national government established Nanjing as its capital. On June 9, the education administrative committee imitated the French education system and promulgated the university district system, which was first implemented in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Based on the National Southeast University, the Fourth National Sun Yat sen University is composed of nine universities in Jiangsu Province, namely, Hehai University of technology, University of political science and law, Medical University, Nanjing Polytechnic School, Nanjing Agricultural School, Suzhou Polytechnic College, Shanghai Commercial University and Shanghai commercial school, together with the Department of education, which presides over the education administration of Jiangsu Province. In August, according to the order of the district executive yuan of Sun Yat sen University, the art major attached to the fourth Provincial Normal University was incorporated into the Education College of national fourth Sun Yat sen University (formerly the Education Department of National Southeast University). The College of education consists of the Department of pedagogy, the faculty department and the affiliated education specialties (sports specialty, art specialty and military education specialty). The president of the college is Zheng Zonghai.

On February 10, 1928, the College Committee of the national government decided to change the name of the Fourth National Sun Yat sen University to national Jiangsu University and assume the administrative function of Jiangsu education. After changing its name to Jiangsu University, it was generally opposed by all the teachers and students of the University, which caused a wave of strikes. On May 16, Jiangsu University was renamed National Central University according to the resolution of the University Committee of the University of Jiangsu University, which still has the function of educational administration.

On October 23, 1928, the national government changed the university into the Ministry of education. On July 5, 1929, the Ministry of education ordered to stop the "university district system", and the Central University District was stopped at the end of the year. Since then, the Central University has been a pure academic institution, not concurrently responsible for educational administration.

 

2. Dissolution and consolidation in the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the progressive teachers and students of CUHK, under the organization and leadership of the Nanjing underground party, launched the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement to protest against the KMT government's insistence on Civil War and its non resistance policy against Japanese aggression. On December 17, nearly ten thousand students from all over the country jointly held a general demonstration in Nanjing. More than 1000 students from CUHK participated in the demonstration, which was brutally suppressed. The "Pearl bridge tragedy" shocked China and foreign countries took place.

At the end of 1931, Zhu Jiahua, President of CUHK, resigned. In 1932, the principal of CUHK was more likely to be strongly opposed or even expelled by students. At the same time, because the government owed more than three months' wages to the school staff, the staff were strongly dissatisfied

Chinese PinYin : Nan Jing Shi Fan Da Xue