Gaoping Yandi Mausoleum

Gaoping Yandi mausoleum is located in Zhuangli village, 17 kilometers northeast of Gaoping, commonly known as "Huangfen". There is a temple behind the mausoleum, which is called Wugu temple. The Wugu temple has a large scale of construction. The original city wall is divided into upper and lower courtyards. There are stage, platform, gate, corridor and main hall on the axis. There are five main halls and more than ten rooms in the East and West, which were built in the Yuan Dynasty. In the 39th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty, Shen daotong set up a stone tablet in the mausoleum of Emperor Yan. It is said that there is a corridor behind the stone tablet which can lead to the tomb. There is a Wannian lamp in the tomb, which never goes out. In the main hall of Wugu temple, there are statues of Emperor Yan and his wife and concubines, as well as murals of Emperor Yan's Shennong's planting of grains, making and tasting of herbs. The Yellow Emperor of Xuanyuan's family was granted the title of Shennong by the Yan Emperor, shenlu Chan. In the ninth year of Dade reign of emperor Chengzong of the Yuan Dynasty, the temple fair was held on the eighth day of April every year. Local villagers slaughtered pigs and sheep and held ancestor worship activities. There is a local folk saying: "if you go to Yangzhou and go to Hankou, it's better to be the head of the society in the Wugu temple." it describes the grand occasion of the temple fair at that time. In the past dynasties, people were sacrificed at the age of. One kilometer northwest of Zhuangli village, Guguan village has Yan Emperor's palace, wolongwan, Paomaling, horse changing and many other legends. In addition to Zhuangli village, there are many temples offering sacrifices to Emperor Yan in Gaoping. In addition to the mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Zhuangli village, there are many temples in Gaoping to offer sacrifices to Emperor Yan. The mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Zhuangli village is the main place for ancestor worship of the Chinese people.

Emperor Yandi Mausoleum

synonym

The mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Gaoping generally refers to the mausoleum of Emperor Yan (Mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Gaoping, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province)

Yandi mausoleum is located in Zhuangli village, 17 kilometers northeast of Gaoping, Jincheng, Shanxi Province, commonly known as "Huangfen". The Wugu Temple behind the mausoleum was originally built on a large scale. Now there are only five main halls and more than ten East and West Wing rooms. It was built in the Yuan Dynasty and is a municipal cultural relic protection unit. In the tomb of Emperor Yan in Gaoping, there is the earliest stone tablet of Emperor Yan's mausoleum, which was engraved on "the auspicious day of Mengxia in the 39th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1611)", and signed as "Sheng Yuan Shen Dao Tong Li".

On January 24, 2016, it was learned from the tourism and Cultural Relics Bureau of Gaoping City, Shanxi province that the main part of the 230 million yuan restoration and protection project of Gaoping Yan Emperor Mausoleum has been completed, and is expected to be open to the public on the birthday of Emperor Yan on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, with sacrificial and cultural activities.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, from the end of the epidemic to the end of 2020, the national medical workers can visit the scenic spot free of charge with their valid certificates.

brief introduction

In the Neolithic culture period, Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, completed the great turning point in human history from fishing and hunting to farming, from nomadism to settlement, laid the foundation of building a country by agriculture, and opened the primitive farming civilization of our country. There are many sites related to the Shennong family of Yandi in Yangtou mountain, such as Shennong City, Shennong well, Shennong spring, wuguqi, leidan cave and so on. There are more than 30 mausoleums, temples, ancestral halls, palaces and cities represented by Yandi's palace, Shennong temple and Yandi's mausoleum. There are more than 100 steles recording the deeds of Yandi, and village names, place names and folk names related to Yandi Among the customs, stories and legends, a huge regional system of Yandi culture remains was formed.

Brief introduction

Zhuangli village, 17 kilometers northeast of Gaoping City, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, has beautiful mountains and beautiful scenery. There are ravines in the East, West and south of the mausoleum area, hills in the north and green mountains in the north. Yangtou mountain in the west, majestic and straight, overlooking the Danhe River Valley in the south, the clouds are flourishing. Jinchang second-class highway, from south to north, is like a beautiful jade belt, tied in the mausoleum area. Xiaodongcang River trickles under our feet, where Yan Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, lies.

Regulatory structure

The tomb of Emperor Yan in Zhuangli village is commonly known as "Huangfen". There is a temple behind the mausoleum, which is called Wugu temple. The mausoleum of Emperor Yan was already in existence at the time of Emperor Huang of Xuanyuan's family. He was granted the title of "Shennong" to Lu Yulu, guarding the tombs of his ancestors. The founding date of Wugu temple is unknown, and it had been in Song Dynasty at the latest. The temple sits in the north and faces the south. It has a large-scale building. It is surrounded by a city wall and is divided into upper and lower courtyards. On its axis, it is divided into stage, Xiantai, Shanmen, Nandao and main hall. It turns out that there are many steles in the temple, about 40 to 50 steles. Now there are only five main halls and more than ten East and West Wing rooms. On the back wall of the East chamber, there is a stone tablet of "Emperor Yan's Mausoleum", which was erected by Shen daotong in 1161. There is a corridor (now sealed) behind the stone tablet of "Yan Emperor's Mausoleum", which can lead to the tomb. There is a lamp in the tomb that lasts for ten thousand years and does not go out all the year round. The main hall is five rooms wide and six rafters deep. It has a suspended mountain roof and glass ridge decoration. It was built in the Yuan Dynasty and was repaired in the Ming Dynasty. On the ridge brake in the middle of the roof, the front is engraved with "Yandi Shennong hall", and the back is engraved with the inscription of "the sixth year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty". The altar in the hall is about one meter high and carved with relief patterns such as dragon, unicorn, deer and flowers. It is exquisitely carved and is a relic of the song and Jin Dynasties. The original warm Pavilion on the altar in the hall has statues of Emperor Yan and his wife's concubines, but now the statues do not exist. There are exquisite murals on the gables on both sides of the East and the West. The contents of the murals may be Shennong's planting of grain, making of farm tools, tasting of herbs, etc., but they do not exist now.

Historical records

In the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the tablet of "the record of the renewal of the statue of empress Yan Emperor and the creation of a warm palace" reads: "the mausoleum Temple of Shennong of Yan Emperor is handed down from generation to generation, and it is recorded in the sacrificial ceremony. Its situation is magnificent, and the forest has been blocked for a long time. It is a famous place in my city."

In 1475, the stele of renovating Emperor Yan's palace recorded: "the foundation of Shennong Emperor Yan's palace is in front of guguanli village. Zhaoji is too ancient and has no test of literature. The ancestral temple is in the southeast of huanma village. There are tombs and wooden railings around it. However, the ancestral temple and the palace are more than 700 steps away." Gaoping County annals records: "in ancient times, Yan Emperor's mausoleum is said to be in Changma Town, 40 miles north of the county. The emperor tasted five grains here. Later generations thought that it was a mausoleum. There was a temple behind the mausoleum, offering sacrifices in spring and autumn. Now the stone table is still there."

Zhu Zaiyu, Zheng fan of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in a new record of Yangtou mountain: "the southeast of the mountain is called Guguan village, and the east two li of the village is called huanma town. There are ancient tombs one Li southeast of the town. The site of the wall is 60 steps from East to west, 100 steps from south to north, with dense pines and cypresses There is a cypress tree root in the temple with a circumference of 6 meters. It can be inferred that the Wugu temple has a history of at least thousands of years. On the eighth day of April every year, it is the ancestor worship festival of Yan Emperor's Mausoleum and Wugu temple. The surrounding villages, such as ruguguan, Beiying, huanma, Zhuangli and kouze, hold grand temple fairs for nearly a month. There is a folk saying that "if you go to Yangzhou and go to Hankou, it's better to be the head of the society in the Wugu temple." it describes the grand occasion of the temple fair at that time, and the sacrifice at the age of years in all dynasties. Yuanchengzong Dade nine years (1305) also taste Yiji, ban woodcutting. In the past, every year, the county government sent people to the mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Zhuangli to offer sacrifices and add oil to the Wannian lamp.

Historical legend

Yangtou mountain is the place where Yan Emperor Shennong tasted the five grains. At present, the relics of Shennong City, Shennong spring, wuguqi and Shennong temple still exist on Yangtou mountain. The folklore about Emperor Yan Shennong is more colorful. In addition to the Yan Emperor Mausoleum in Zhuangli, there are many temples dedicated to Yan Emperor, such as Yan Emperor's palace in Guguan, Yan Emperor's Middle Temple after stepping down, Yan Emperor's lower temple in Dongguan, Yan Emperor's temple in Xingcun, and Yan Emperor's temple in Yonglu. According to incomplete statistics, there are at least more than 30 temples.

Emperor Yan is the ancestor of the Chinese nation, is the first emperor of China, is the God of agriculture, the God of medicine, known as the emperor of agriculture. The mausoleum of Emperor Yan in Zhuangli village is the sacred place for the Chinese people to seek their roots and visit their ancestors. It is the first mausoleum in China.

Restoration works

In May 2014, the restoration and protection project of Yandi mausoleum in Gaoping City was officially launched. It is understood that the restoration will be carried out in accordance with the traditional sacrificial architectural techniques and song style architectural style in Southeast Shanxi, with a total investment of 140 million yuan, which is expected to be completed in October 2015

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Free policy

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, from the end of the epidemic to the end of 2020, the national medical workers can visit the scenic spot free of charge with their valid certificates.

Address: Zhuangli village, Shennong Town, Gaoping City, Shanxi Province

Longitude: 113.00636790154

Latitude: 35.902576498117

Tel: 0356-5889519

Ticket information: 30 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Gao Ping Yan Di Ling