Linqiong ancient city

Linqiong ancient city

Linqiong ancient city, one of the four ancient cities in Bashu, is the first city out of Chengdu on the ancient Southern Silk Road in the west, and the first batch of historical and cultural cities named in Sichuan Province. Founded in the 14th year of gengyuan, King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty (311 BC), it has a history of more than 2300 years. It is the hometown of Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman in the Western Han Dynasty. It is known as "Linqiong has been called numerous and common since ancient times, and Tianfu is the first state from the South".

The origin of history

Linqiong was inhabited as early as the Neolithic age. In 1992, a stone axe, two stone axes and three scrapers were found in Xima village of Xiaba, which were identified by experts as being made and used by human beings in the Neolithic period, proving that the primitive ancestors of Linqiong had used stone production tools in the Neolithic period.

According to historical records, after the destruction of Shu in the ninth year of gengyuan (316 BC), King Huiwen of Qin dynasty built castles in Shu due to political and military needs. Linqiong, Chengdu and Pixian were fertile and important places. Therefore, in the fourteenth year of gengyuan (311bc), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty sent Zhang Ruo, the governor of Shu, to preside over the construction of the three cities. Because it is close to Qiong people (Qiong nationality), it is named Linqiong. Linqiong city is a large-scale city with numerous shops. It is located in Linqiong town of Qionglai. According to the records of Huayang state, Shu Zhi: "around the city (one back) six li, five Zhang high. There are houses in the upper part of the building, but the view building is shooting at the fence. " The main body of the city is a wooden structure. At that time, the county system had not yet been popularized, and linqiongcheng was actually the rudiment of the county, which governed Chongqing, Xinjin, Guanxian, Dayi and other places.

Changes of wind and rain

"The initial function of Linqiong ancient city is military and defensive." Some experts believe that the so-called "Linqiong" is "linbian", where there are conflicts and wars.

According to the records, from the end of the Western Han Dynasty to the "new" Dynasty of Wang Mang, the city wall was damaged, and Gongsun Shu, the governor of Shu County, set up the office in Linqiong, and took charge of the construction of the new city, which is called Gongsun city. From the sixth year of Yongjia (A.D. 312) to the second year of abolishing Emperor (A.D. 533) of the Western Wei Dynasty, the county seat was destroyed repeatedly because of the incessant war. From the third year of Taihe (829 A.D.) of Wenzong of Tang Dynasty to the 13th year of Kangxi (1674 A.D.) of Qing Dynasty, Nanzhao, Tubo and Wu Sangui rebels captured the city several times. During this period, in the 19th year of Chenghua of emperor Xianzong of Ming Dynasty, the government built a simple and crude city wall with soil, which collapsed after more than 30 years. In the 16th year of Zhengde reign of emperor Wuzong, Li Tingzhao, the prefect, presided over the reconstruction. There were four gates in the city, each of which was built with a tower. A clay statue of "Kuixing diandou" is built on the upper floor, and a moat is dug outside the city wall. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, wars continued frequently, the city was dilapidated, the registered permanent residence was sharply reduced, and tigers and leopards often appeared. Until the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi (1693 A.D.), Zhizhou Qi Yanzu donated money to help build the city wall, and the people could live in peace.

From conflict to harmony, to prosperity and mutual market, Linqiong ancient city is the highlight in history. Linqiong county has never left the urban area, which has been rebuilt or repaired by the rulers of past dynasties. According to records, linqiongcheng has been relocated four times. According to Yuanhe Zhi, Zhuo Wang sun's former residence is located in "Wuli in the south of the county". It can be inferred that the earliest Linqiong city was in Wuli south of the city. According to textual research, in the late Western Han Dynasty, Linqiong new city, called Gongsun Shucheng, was built by Gongsun Shucheng, the prefect of Shu county. It was in the northwest of the old city. The city rebuilt in the Western Wei Dynasty was in the southwest of the city Experts believe that the four successive city sites either roughly coincide or are not far apart, all within the scope of today's Linqiong city.

Splendid culture

As the first important town of Chengdu on the South Silk Road, Shu is an important part of Yunnan and Tibet. It has been known as "Jiuli", "tea town", "Taodu" and "Silk City" since ancient times.

"With boundless wind and moon, Chang'an looks three thousand miles to the north; with picturesque scenery, Tianfu is the first state from the south.". Over the past two thousand years, business activities in the ancient city of Linqiong have been very prosperous. The ancestors of Qionglai exploited and used natural gas to boil salt, advanced ironware and exquisite silk to sell abroad along the Southern Silk Road. The unprecedented prosperity of economy makes Qionglai rich and famous, which deduces the romantic love story of Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman in the Western Han Dynasty. Zhuo Wang sun, the father of Wen Jun, not only owned salt factories and iron factories, but also set up a caravan to go to Chengdu and Chang'an in the East, kangzang in the West and Burma in the south. In this rich land, Qionglai not only added luster to China's first silk road and later the ancient tea horse road, but also developed into the richest man in China at that time.

Linqiong's developed economy and society have created a splendid culture. In the Western Han Dynasty, Hu an Heshan, a famous Confucian scholar, gave lectures on "understanding astronomy, calendar, and the number of yin and Yang". Yan Junping, an astrologist, studied the Zhouyi carefully, and "the article was the best in the world"; Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman in Linqiong, and Sima Xiangru had the same musical sound, and the story passed down through the ages. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of the Shu Han Dynasty, made great achievements in pacifying the southwest; Pu Yuan, a famous weapon expert from Linqiong, had "a lot of ingenuity in nature" and made a steel knife to "cut iron like mud". In the Song Dynasty, Chang Anmin, a right admonishing official who entered the history of the Song Dynasty "biography of liezhuan" and was recorded in "biographies of famous ministers of all dynasties" by Zhu Shi of the Qing Dynasty, compiled 81 volumes of "chronicles of Tang poetry" and collected 1150 books, which contributed to the preservation and dissemination of Chinese excellent culture. Sima Xiangru, a Ci Fu writer in the Western Han Dynasty, Lu You and Wen Tong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, Yang Shen, a litterateur in the Ming Dynasty, and Yang chaoguan, a famous dramatist in the Qing Dynasty, have successively left their footprints in Linqiong, leaving many "elegant Ci Poems" for later generations.

In the course of more than 2000 years of development, Linqiong, like Chengdu, has the same site and structure, which has become a model of Fengshui ancient city in Chengdu Plain. From today's historical data and archaeology, we can see the prosperity of the ancient city in the past. Zhuo Wang sun smelts iron and casts money In Tang Dynasty, Qiong wine "Zhuo Nu Shao Chun" and "Wen Jun tea" were treasures of wine and tea. Qiong pottery products made in Qiong kiln, which flourished in the northern and Southern Dynasties and Sui and Tang Dynasties, were of first-class shape and glaze color. In addition, there were excavated cultural relics of Tang Dynasty Longxing Temple site known as "Oriental Venus". It can be said that the hard work of Linqiong ancestors made an important contribution to Bashu civilization.

In recent years, with the wisdom and strength of the whole city, Qionglai has successively established China's excellent tourism city and Linqiong ancient city national AAA scenic spot. "Landscape and city are connected, nature and culture blend.". Linqiong is a city that reflects the ancient and modern times, a city with modern urban rhythm, but also filled with the fragrance of millennium history and culture. Here, modern atmosphere and historical atmosphere blend harmoniously, ancient folk customs and fashion coexist; walking in the streets of Linqiong, suddenly crisscross, seems to shuttle through the history of thousands of years.

Main attractions

Wenjun's former residence

Wenjun's former residence is located in the middle section of Wenjun street, the core area of the ancient city. It is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level, covering an area of about 10 mu. Today, there is an ancient well in the Han Dynasty. The well has a unique shape. The mouth of the well is only three feet wide, and the well bladder is becoming wider and wider. The wall of the well is made of yellow mud and pebble paste. Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman in Linqiong of the Western Han Dynasty, and Sima Xiangru, a famous Fu writer, once set up a wine shop here. Wenjunjing was well-known as early as the Tang Dynasty. The existing gardens basically preserve the style of the Qing Dynasty. The curved corridor and flower path are linked together, and the scenery is changed step by step. It is an excellent combination of Jiangnan gardens and Western Sichuan gardens. There are Qintai, yangxulou, shuixiangxie, danglong Pavilion, lingyuntang, sijiaoting and other ancient buildings in the park, which are in perfect harmony with Yuechi, quchuang corridor, rockery and bamboo. Wen Jun's former residence is also known as "the first famous love garden of all ages".

Dabei Street

Located in the core area of the ancient city, 510 meters long and 9 meters wide, the buildings along the street are typical of the Western Sichuan residential style in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Dabei street used to be the South Silk Road, the ancient tea horse road and the only way to enter the city. There were many shops, merchants, restaurants and teahouses. By the Qing Dynasty, it had become a street about 3 meters wide, known as "Zhengbei Street", also known as "Dabei Street", which benefited from the nearby "Xiaobei Street". Dabei street and its adjacent Xingxian street now retain more than 30 ancient courtyards and nearly 40 characteristic roadways in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including ningzhai, which was built in the 30th year of Guangxu period, Sujia courtyard and Zhangbai ancestral hall built in the early years of the Republic of China. The grand welcoming ceremony of Kaicheng, the natural sound of Guqin's "Phoenix's courtship", the performance of 72 lines in the market, Xiaozi Guokui and other special snacks The beautiful scenery of the ancient city is formed.

Xingxian folk square

Located in the core area of the ancient city, Xingxian folk square is 186 meters long and 20 meters wide. It is composed of sculptures, art walls and ancient city sites. It is the first folk square with the theme of "going to the market" in Chengdu. The sculpture group of the square is composed of four groups of 43 figure sculptures, each of which has a different and lifelike look. The art wall takes the Western Sichuan residential buildings as the theme, With the help of the ancient street chronicle, it shows the architectural art of "very Qionglai, very authentic" folk houses in Western Sichuan. The ancient city site now preserves the physical specimens of streets and drainage facilities of the Qin, Han, Tang and Ming Dynasties. According to historical records, this street was built and used in the Qin and Han Dynasties, that is, 2000 years ago, and the drainage system of the street has been put into use since the Tang Dynasty It has a history of more than 1000 years.

Huilan Pagota

Huilan pagoda is located in the ecological wet area of Nanhe River, 4km away from the urban area. It stands on the sand bar in the middle of Nanhe river. It is a pavilion type brick Pagoda with a height of 75.48m and 13 storeys on six sides. It is the tallest Pagoda in Sichuan and the third tallest brick Pagoda in China. Its full name is Huilan Wenfeng pagoda, also known as Zhenjiang pagoda. It is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. The tower was first built in the Ming Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Lin Qiong Gu Cheng