Jiefang Bridge

Fuzhou Jiefang Bridge

synonym

Jiefang Bridge (Fuzhou bridge in Fujian Province) generally refers to Fuzhou Jiefang Bridge

Jiefang Bridge, located in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, crosses the Minjiang River and connects the two districts of Taijiang and Cangshan. The current bridge was completed in 1996. The bridge is 426.92 meters long and 12 meters wide. It is composed of Wanshou bridge, Zhongzhou island and Jiangnan bridge. The unique style of the bridge on the bridge, which is a rare bridge, has witnessed the history of the region.

brief introduction

Fuzhou Jiefang Bridge, located in the urban area of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, crosses the Minjiang River and connects the two districts of Taijiang and Cangshan. It was rebuilt in 1996. Fuzhou Jiefang Bridge is 426.92 meters long and 12 meters wide. It is composed of Wanshou bridge, Zhongzhou island and Jiangnan bridge. It belongs to the unique style of the rare bridge and the bridge on the bridge. Jiefang Bridge is the earliest big stone bridge across Minjiang River. According to the Ming Dynasty Wang Yingshan's minduji: "Wanshou bridge, across the Taijiang River, used to be a floating bridge, has been repaired and broken repeatedly. During the song and Yuan Dynasties, Wang Zudao, the prefect, set up a field of 11 hectares and 72 mu for bridge repair. In Yuan Dynasty, Tian entered Toutuo Wansui temple. In the seventh year of Dade (1303), fazhu, the king of Toutuo, built a stone bridge with 29 channels of water and stone railings on the top. It is 170 feet long and has two pavilions in the north and south. It was completed in 1322. Ma Zuchang, a bachelor, engraved "Wanshou bridge" on the right.

Wanshou bridge, formerly known as a floating bridge, was built in 1093, the eighth year of the song and Yuan Dynasties. Wang Zudao, a magistrate of Zhizhou, collected craftsmen to build a floating bridge in the north and south of lingyanzhou. The Beiqiao river is 154 meters wide, with 20 boats. The Nanqiao river is 785 meters wide, with 100 boats. It is fastened to 18 stone pillars planted in the river by thick rattan cables. The boat is covered with wooden planks as the bridge deck, which is 3.4 meters high and 3.4 meters wide, with railings on both sides. The total length of the two bridges is 1000 meters. In order to facilitate the boat in the middle of the river, there are two high gates at the mouth of the floating bridge in the middle of the river. The whole bridge construction project was completed in 1094.

In 1103, a sandbank appeared between lengyanzhou and cangqianshan, that is, Zhongzhou. The river was cut into three waterways, so the pontoons were rebuilt into three north, middle and South pontoons. There are 16 ships for Beiqiao (now Xiaoqiao bridge site), 73 for Zhongqiao (Wanshou bridge site), 13 for Nanqiao (Jiangnan bridge site), and 102 in total. Lu You's poem "crossing the floating bridge to Nantai" says: "if there are many diseases among the guests, they will not come to Nantai. Nine tracks are running slowly on the raging waves, and a thousand ships are tied to the heart of the river. Because the river is wide and the water is fast, the floating bridge is unable to resist the attack of wind and waves, and is often damaged. The traffic on both sides of the river is often interrupted. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was rebuilt as a stone bridge, namely "Wanshou bridge".

Wanshou bridge was built in the 7th year of Dade and completed in the 2nd year of Zhizhi. It is the largest construction project in Fujian in Yuan Dynasty. It is called the bridge together with Jiangnan bridge. With a total length of 570 meters and 29 holes, 28 boat shaped stone piers are erected to support the stone beams. The bridge is paved with stone slabs and built with stone railings. Stone lions of different shapes are carved on the stone pillars of the bridge. There are wind and rain pavilions in the north and south of the bridge. An innovation of "Wanshou bridge" in bridge technology is to adopt "sleeping wood sinking foundation" method for bridge foundation, that is, to fill stone with wooden cage. First, the wooden cage is placed at the pier, and then the cage is filled with stones. After the completion of Wanshou bridge, the bridge has been repaired in the past dynasties.

In 1930, in order to adapt to automobile driving, it was contracted by Japan's Daiwa industrial joint venture and rebuilt into cement pavement. In 1971, "Wanshou bridge" was comprehensively increased and widened, and was renamed "Jiefang Bridge". From 1995 to 1996, it was demolished and rebuilt into a modern bridge.

Historical mileage

Fuzhou Jiefang Bridge is the oldest stone bridge in Fuzhou section of Minjiang River. Its history can be traced back to the eighth year of Yuanyou in Northern Song Dynasty (1093). At that time, Wang Zudao, the prefect of Fuzhou, built two north-south floating bridges with 120 wooden boats beside Wanshou temple. Taking lengyanzhou in the middle of the river as the midpoint, the south bridge used 100 boats, with a total length of 2500 feet, and the north bridge used 20 boats, with a total length of 500 feet

In 1103 (the second year of Chongning in the Northern Song Dynasty), Wang Zudao was appointed the prefect of Fuzhou again. I felt that the floating bridge was often broken by the wind and waves, so I started to raise money and changed the floating bridge into a stone pier bridge. It is built with stone strips, standing in the water, without guardrails on the left and right, commonly known as "tiaodun bridge". It was built in 1141 (the 11th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty).

In 1303 (the seventh year of Dade of the Yuan Dynasty), Wang fazhu, a monk of Wanshou temple, was praised by tiemu'er of yuanchengzong. He raised millions of funds to rebuild Wanshou bridge into simply supported stone beam and slab bridge. First, the wooden pier is built around the stone pier, then the stone is pushed inside the wooden pier, and then the pier is built on the basis of the stone. There are 36 holes of water channel under the bridge. Two 1-meter-square, 9-meter-long stone beams weighing more than 40 tons are stacked between each hole, on which 20 cm-30 cm thick stone slabs are laid horizontally. The stone railings on the bridge are carved with many stone lions of various shapes, and pavilions are built at the end and end of the bridge for people to rest.

It took 19 years for the bridge to be built and completed in 1322. The bridge is 391 meters long and 4.5 meters wide, with 87 holes in total. In order to commemorate the achievements of Wang fazhu, the monk of Wanshou temple, the later generations named this bridge Wanshou bridge. This is also the largest construction project in Fujian in Yuan Dynasty. After the completion of Wanshou bridge, a 9-hole "Jiangnan bridge" with mixed wood and stone structure, also known as "Cangqian bridge", was built in the south, 135 meters long. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the Jiangnan bridge was destroyed by water and was rebuilt as a stone bridge.

In 1930, in order to meet the needs of opening cars, Wanshou and Jiangnan bridges were changed into highway bridges. The original piers were raised by 2 meters with concrete, and the pavement and bridge railings were made of reinforced concrete. The project was undertaken by Daiwa industrial joint venture.

After 1949, the bridge was renamed "Jiefang Bridge" to commemorate the PLA's rushing over the bridge and pursuing the Kuomintang troops who fled south. In 1970, Jiefang Bridge took the form of erecting bridge on the bridge, heightening 4 meters and widening the bridge deck 2 meters.

In 1994, due to the impact of Minjiang River flood, the pier of Jiefang Bridge collapsed from its original position and stopped using; in 1995, it began to be rebuilt and completed on September 29, 1996. The new bridge is a modern double curved prestressed reinforced concrete arch bridge, with a total length of 565M and a width of 12m. Four groups of orange red steel tube arc suspension bridges are set up to bear the load of the bridge body. The south part of Zhongzhou island is 100 meters long, the dry bridge of Zhongzhou island is 141 meters long, and the north part of Zhongzhou island is 324 meters long.

In June 2009, Jiefang Bridge began to be closed and the suspenders were replaced. After more than 100 days of reconstruction, Jiefang Bridge has been replaced with new suspenders, which are more reliable and durable.

Reconstruction work

Jiefang Bridge was rebuilt in 1995 on the basis of Wanshou bridge. In June 2009, Jiefang Bridge began to be closed and the suspenders were replaced. After more than 100 days of reconstruction, Jiefang Bridge has been replaced with new suspenders, which are more reliable and durable. Liu Changfei, director of Fuzhou bridge Institute, introduced that 104 suspenders were replaced during the whole construction process, It uses the fully closed extrusion riveting finished suspender, which has multi-layer protection and higher safety; it makes thorough reinforcement and maintenance for the original bridge diseases; it installs the probe detection instrument at the key nodes, and the bridge stress is reflected on the pole line, which provides reliable data for the future scientific maintenance.

The maintenance of Jiefang Bridge is the first major maintenance after liberation, using the latest technology, which can ensure the safety and reliability of the bridge for at least 15 years. Liu Changfei said: the updated suspender technology is the most advanced in China, ensuring no problem for more than 15 years. The new suspender replaces the original parallel wire rope with steel strand; the extrusion riveting straight distance is smaller, there are four anti-corrosion measures inside and outside, and multi-layer protection, which is a domestic patent. The safety factor is higher.

In addition to replacing the suspenders of the main load-bearing components, the construction party also maintained the beams, bridge decks, sidewalks, etc. the original four groups of orange blue steel pipe arc-shaped air suspension bridges on the bridge were painted milky white, which looked fresh and elegant, like a white rainbow with profound implication. Painted white, the bridge is like a color board, implying that Fuzhou will further emancipate the mind and build a grand blueprint for the construction of the west coast of the Straits.

The construction team overcame all kinds of difficulties. After more than 100 days of night and day reconstruction, the Jiefang Bridge opened five days earlier than the original time to welcome the arrival of the 60th National Day.

Liu Changfei said: to overcome the technical difficulties and try every means to open the traffic before the national day, replacing the suspenders is a fine job; to overcome the natural disasters, Typhoon Morakot seriously affected the construction period, and the workers just snatched back the delayed time day and night, and also advanced it; to coordinate with the maritime affairs department, scientifically and reasonably arrange the working procedures, so that the navigation and construction of the north port of Minjiang River do not affect each other . Jiefang Bridge is not only more beautiful, but also more convenient for people to travel. The reconstruction of the bridge on the 60th National Day symbolizes the vigorous development of the construction of the west coast of the Straits and its early realization.

Historical function

Jiefang Bridge, as a symbol and an important transportation hub of Fuzhou, played an irreplaceable role in people's life and urban development before the founding of new China.

It is a channel connecting the north and south traffic, connecting the southern Fujian area. It has changed the way that people can only ferry across the river, facilitated the communication between the people in Southern Fujian and Fuzhou, and strengthened the connection between Fuzhou and other areas. At the same time, due to the development of Fuzhou City

Chinese PinYin : Jie Fang Da Qiao