Ban Gong's mistake

From Shiquan River to the North 130 km is the county seat of Nitu, and Bangong Lake is located at the junction of China and Indian controlled Kashmir 10 km north of Nitu.

Bangongcuo is located in the boundary lake of Ali area in the westernmost Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The Tibetan people call it "komukkoralalingcuo", also known as cuomuanglarenbo lake. Tibetan means "bright and narrow Lake".

The lake is 4241 meters above sea level. The lake covers an area of 604 square kilometers. Among them, 413 square kilometers are in China and 191 square kilometers are in Kashmir. The lake is long and narrow in east-west direction, with open water at both ends and river water in the middle. The rivers entering the lake include Maga Zangbu, domaqu, angmaiqu, maibalqu, zangge River, kallongba, nage River, Tongda River, etc.

The water quality distribution of the lake is characterized by light in the East and salty in the West. The fresh water storage capacity is about 4.657 billion cubic meters. The maximum water depth in the East is 41.3m. The lake is rich in fine scale fish and non scale fish. The lakeside is rich in forage, which is a good pasture. "Bangong" is an Indian word, which means a small grassland.

There are several bird islands in the lake, which play an active role in the breeding of birds and the protection of natural resources. In recent years, the lake has been fished and the alpine grassland around the lakeside is a good pasture. Originally, the lake and Shiquanhe area are under the management of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. In recent years, it has just been administratively managed by Tibet Autonomous Region.

Pangong Lake

synonym

Bangong Lake is generally referred to as Bangong Lake

Bangong Lake (Ladakh: Pangong TSO), also known as cuomuang larenbo (Tibetan: མོ་མོ་ངངང཯ང཯ིིིཔ།; Willie: mtsho Mo nganglha ring Po; THL: Tsomo nganglha) Ringpo, which means "Swan with long neck" in Tibetan, is located 12 km to the west of Nitu County in Ali Prefecture of Tibet Autonomous Region, with an east-west trend. The lake covers an area of 604 square kilometers, including 413 square kilometers in China, accounting for 68.5%, and 191 square kilometers in Indian controlled Kashmir, accounting for 31.5%.

brief introduction

Bangong Lake (Bangongcuo), also known as cuomuanglarenbo, means "long necked swan" in Tibetan. It is located 12 kilometers west of Nitu County in Ali Region, with an average altitude of 4400 meters. The lake covers an area of 639739.1 mu, which is light in the East and salty in the West. It is distributed in Wujiang village, Duoma Township, Nitu County, about 15 kilometers away from Nitu County, and Shiquanhe Town, where the administrative office of Ali Region is located 135 km, a natural lake ecological scenic spot. The lake covers an area of 604 square kilometers, of which 413 square kilometers are in China, accounting for 68.5%; 191 square kilometers are in Indian controlled Kashmir, accounting for 31.5%; it is 150 kilometers long from east to west, 4 kilometers wide from north to South on average, only 5 meters in the narrowest part, 5 meters in average depth, and 41 meters in maximum depth.

Bangong Lake is a famous international Lake in the west of Ali, with an altitude of 4240 meters and a total surface area of 604 square kilometers, including 413 square kilometers in China and 191 square kilometers in Kashmir. It is about 150 kilometers long from east to west, 100 kilometers in China and 50 kilometers in India occupied Kashmir. The maximum water depth is 41 meters, the average water depth is 5 meters, the mineralization degree is 2.16 g / L, and the average width of North and south is only 4 km. It is a typical river type lake. The long and narrow body of Bangong Lake creates a unique landscape effect. The two largest tributaries, magazangbu and duomaqu, which flow into Bangong Lake, are located in the eastern part of the lake. The fresh water source is sufficient and the supply is greater than the evaporation. The salt content of the lake is maintained within 0.75g/l, which makes the eastern part of the lake a fresh water lake. However, the fresh water supply in the middle and western parts of the lake is sharply reduced, and the narrowest part of the middle part of the lake is only 100-150m wide, so the alternation of the lake water in the east-west direction is not smooth, It is difficult for the fresh water in the east to continue to replenish to the west, so that the evaporation of the lake water in the west is greater than the supply, and the salt content of the lake water increases from the middle to the west to nearly 20 g / L, turning into a salt lake.

Animal resources

There are more than ten islands of different sizes in the lake. There are more than 20 kinds of birds on the island, and the number can reach tens of thousands at the most. The main birds are spotted headed geese, brown headed gulls, fish gulls, crested ducks, red ducks and so on. Among them, the number of spotted headed geese and brown headed gulls is the largest.

Bangong Lake is also a fish world. There are a lot of aquatic plants in the lake, which provide a good habitat for fish. There are more than 10 kinds of fish. There are Xizang bow fish, plateau naked Schizothorax, long naked carp, Schizothorax, thin tailed loach and so on. Most of them are Schizothorax and subfamily Cyprinidae. In the lake, there are Schizothorax and naked schijiri, which are endemic to Tibet. They are especially famous for their scales.

tourist resources

Bird Island: the bird island on Bangong Lake is a paradise for birds. From May to August every year, thousands of birds come to the bird island to breed. From afar, it looks like a picture of mountains and rivers and birds, which is the most harmonious embodiment of man and nature. It mainly includes: Black necked Crane (national first-class protected animal), Red duck, brown Headed Gull, fish gull, spotted goose, green headed duck, needle tailed duck, red headed diving duck, white eyed diving duck and other precious birds.

geographical environment

Water Quality

Bangong Lake is a lake with different salt content from east to west, that is, the lake in the East is fresh water lake, the middle is brackish water lake, and the west is salty water lake.

geology

Bangong Lake area is located in the west of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It spans several geotectonic units with different evolution history from north to south, including South Qiangtang block, Bangong Lake OPHIOLITIC MELANGE belt and North Gangdise block. The strata deposited in the expansion stage of the middle Tethys ocean basin are mainly the riganpeicuo group of the Late Triassic. The lithological association is mainly composed of clastic rocks and carbonate rocks with a small amount of volcanic rocks The strata deposited in the basin shrinkage stage are mainly Jurassic Early Cretaceous clastic rocks, and the representative strata are mugagangri group, Doren formation, risong formation, shamulo formation, Doni formation and Langshan formation; meanwhile, the island arc type calc alkaline granitoid magmatic rock mass of late Jurassic Early Cretaceous is developed in the north side of the OPHIOLITIC MELANGE belt, and most of the rock bodies are batholith and rock stock, belonging to Bannu belt The large-scale intermediate acid magmatic emplacement in the North Gangdise block on the south side of the OPHIOLITIC MELANGE belt mainly occurred in the late Cretaceous. The rock assemblages are granite porphyry, granodiorite, diorite porphyrite, quartz diorite, tonalite, monzogranite, etc.

Bangong Lake area crosses Qiangtang block, Bangong Lake suture zone and North Gangdise block from north to south. The Bangong Lake suture zone can be divided into OPHIOLITIC MELANGE zone and ophiolitic tectonic melange zone according to the differences of tectonic rock association and tectonic deformation. The ophiolite melange belt is lenticular, located in the central part of Bangonghu Nujiang junction zone. It is mainly composed of ophiolite slices, with less sandstone and slate matrix, and relatively complete ophiolite exposure. In the belt, ultramafic slices, mafic slices, volcanic slices and siliceous slices extrude from the center to the edge in turn by back thrust thrust faults to both sides. The ophiolite tectonic melange belt is located on the north and south sides of the ophiolite melange belt. The ophiolite components in the ophiolite tectonic melange belt are mainly basalt slices and gabbro slices, while the ultramafic slices and siliceous slices rarely occur.

Bulong OPHIOLITIC MELANGE is a part of the OPHIOLITIC MELANGE belt in Bangong Lake area. It is distributed in the east of Hunan Province in the form of lenticular NWW-SEE, and covers the sandstone splint of Upper Jurassic Lower Cretaceous shamulo formation in the form of back thrust thrust fault combination on the north and south sides. The OPHIOLITIC MELANGE has complete rock assemblages, including metamorphic harzburgite, gabbro, plagiogranite, diabase, volcanic rock and purplish red siliceous rock. Volcanic rocks occur between siliceous rocks and gabbros. They extend several kilometers from east to west and are hundreds of meters wide. The volcanic rocks are mainly medium basic basaltic andesite, mostly grayish green and grayish brown, with porphyry structure, 5% ~ 20% phenocrysts, mainly plagioclase, a small amount of amphibole and quartz, in which plagioclase is white, plate-shaped, euhedral subhedral, and some with zonal structure, The matrix is mainly composed of microcrystalline plagioclase and vitreous; the rocks are mostly massive structure, developed stomatal structure, almond structure, and pillow structure locally.

glacier

Bangong Lake is a long and narrow tectonic lake with a length of about 125 km from east to West on the western edge of northern Tibet Plateau. According to the international glacier cataloguing principle, the basin of Bangong Lake is a three-level basin with the lake as the main basin, including several small Intermountain lakes such as zepucuo, sipangur, Sharda and rebangcuo. The geographical location of the whole basin is between 32 ° 40 ′～ 34 ° 30 ′ N and 34 ° 30 ′ n From 78 ° 38 ′ e to 81 ° 15 ′ e, there are 959 glaciers in Bangong Lake Basin of China, with a total area of 665.35 The Changlong River Basin, the doma river basin formed by the tributaries of angze, zhanqiong and Zhanjin, and the zepucuo basin in the Intermountain Lake Basin are the main glacier distribution areas on the North Bank of Bangong Lake, while the glaciers on the south bank are mainly distributed in the makazangbu river formed by bazachong, Zangbu River and Qulong Zangbu river In addition, there are also some small lakes in the mountains, such as pensipangur lake and Sarda lake. The glaciers in Bangong Lake Basin account for 72.9%, 67% and 64% of the total area respectively

Chinese PinYin : Ban Gong Cuo