Tianqi Mausoleum

Tianqi Mausoleum

Tianqi mausoleum is the tomb of the six kings of Qi during the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. The tombs are arranged from east to west, continuous and connected. The tombs are towering, majestic and hilly.

Tianqi mausoleum is surrounded by several dozens of small tombs, so it is called "Qi mausoleum". The most famous tombs in the mausoleum area are the two king tombs and the four king tombs.

Historical origin

Tianqi mausoleum is the mausoleum of the king of Qi in the Warring States period.

Tianqi mausoleum is located in the West and south of zhangshiyang village, Qingzhou City, Shandong Province. There are six Mausoleums in the mausoleum area, which are divided into two groups of "two king tombs" and "four king tombs", facing each other from north to south across the Jiaoji railway.

According to the research, the tombs of the two kings are the tombs of Chushan, the son of Prince Qi of the Warring States period, and Duke Huan of Qi (i.e. Duke Huan and Duke Jing in the spring and Autumn period). According to the documents, the tombs of the four kings are the tombs of the monarch, xuanwang, minwang and Xiangwang of the state of Qi in the Warring States period. In 1988, the State Council of the people's Republic of China announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Tianqi mausoleum is located in the east of dingzu mountain and Niushan mountain, 7.5km south of Linzi Qigu City, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province. In the four corners of Linzi, there are more than 150 ancient tombs, known as "Linzi tombs". Most of these ancient tombs are the tombs of the princes, ministers and nobles of the spring and Autumn period, the Warring States period and the state of Qi in the Han Dynasty. Among them, in the south of today's Qiling Town, six kings of Tianqi were buried here, which is known as Tianqi mausoleum.

Cultural relics protection

In 1988, the State Council announced that it was a national cultural relic protection unit. Erwang tomb, commonly known as "Erwang tomb", also known as "Qiwang tomb", is located on dingzu mountain in the south of Qiling town.

The two tombs are juxtaposed in East and West, with a square base dome, 190 meters in length from north to South and 320 meters in length from east to west. Among them, the Xizhong tomb is about 190 meters long and seems to have three layers, shrinking layer by layer. The top of the round tomb is about 12 meters high. The eastern tomb is shorter than the western one. The tomb of the two kings is recorded as the cemetery of Qi Huan and the cemetery of Qi Jing. After textual research, it is believed that it is the tomb of Tian Qi Hou Shan and Tian Huan Gong Wu. Siwang tomb, also known as Sihao tomb, commonly known as "sinu tomb", is the tomb of Tian Qiwei, Xuanmin and Xiangsi emperors. It is located on the east side of Niushan mountain and juxtaposed with Nanshan in the East and West. From the west to the East, the first is the tomb of King Qiwei, with a height of 30 meters and a perimeter of 140 meters; the second is the tomb of King Qixuan, with a height of 34 meters and a perimeter of 157 meters; the third is the tomb of King Qimin, with a height of 22 meters and a perimeter of 190 meters; the fourth is the tomb of King Qixiang, with a height of 23 meters and a perimeter of 130 meters. The first and second tombs are 130 meters apart; the second and third tombs are 105 meters apart; the third and fourth tombs are 160 meters apart, with a total length of 541 meters. It's just like the continuous peaks, majestic momentum.

The scale

Tianqi mausoleum is located in the area of Qiling town and Donggao town of Qingzhou, 8km southeast of Linzi Qi ancient city. It has beautiful scenery with mountains in the South and Zishui in the north.

The tombs of the four kings are separated from each other by the Jiaoji railway. The four tombs are connected with each other, and they are huge in scale, just like continuous peaks and towering in momentum. The tombs of the two kings are high on the dingzu hillside, which is even more magnificent and extraordinary. Both the Siwang tomb and the Erwang tomb have a square base, with a large round mound on the top.

The four tombs are connected. It is about 700 meters long and 245 meters wide from north to south. In the west, the first tomb is 155 meters from the east to the west, with a three-story platform foundation and a height of 8.5 meters; the round tomb is 48.6 meters in diameter, 12.8 meters in height and 21.3 meters in height. The second tomb is 138 meters from east to west, with three levels of platform foundation and 7.1 meters in height; the round tomb is 53 meters in diameter, 16 meters in height and 23.5 meters in height. The Third Tomb is 145 meters from east to west and 31.4 meters high on the second floor of the platform foundation; the round tomb is 44.7 meters in diameter, 14.2 meters in height and 17.6 meters in height. The fourth earth tomb is 155 meters from east to west, with a three-story platform foundation and a height of 10.3 meters; the round tomb is 44 meters in diameter, 14.8 meters in height and 25.1 meters in height. In the north of the first, third and fourth tombs, there are two accompanying tombs respectively, and the earth sealing system is the same as that of the fourth, and the scale of the second king's tomb is no less than that of the fourth.

geographical position

Tianqi mausoleum is located in the east of dingzu mountain and Niushan mountain, 7.5km south of Linzi Qigu City, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province. Linzi, the capital of the state of Qi in the Zhou Dynasty and the capital of the king of Qi in the Han Dynasty, lasted for more than a thousand years. During this period, most of the princes, ministers and nobles of the state of Qi were buried here after their death, forming a huge tomb group. However, due to the vicissitudes, most of the tombs have lost their original appearance. There are more than 150 existing tombs, which are mainly represented by the tombs of the two kings and the four kings. They are called Tianqi mausoleum.

Tianqi mausoleum is located in the south of Linzi city (the south of Qiling town), with Jishan in the south, Zishui in the north, Niushan in the West and dingzu mountain in the East. The mountains and rivers of the mausoleum match each other. The railway and highway pass through the mausoleum area. There are two iron bridges and two roads and bridges, which add to the majestic appearance of Tianqi mausoleum.

On January 13, 1988, the State Council announced the tomb of King Tianqi as a "national key cultural relics protection unit".

Historical records

Erwang tomb, commonly known as Erwang tomb, also known as Qiwang tomb, is located on taizushan. It is named after Zijin Mountain, niushougang mountain and Tutou mountain. The tomb of the two kings is located between the three mountains. There is a folk legend that "the king of Qi is buried in the pass of the three mountains, and Linzi is never the capital". The two tombs are 320 meters long from east to west, 190 meters high from north to south, and more than 30 meters high. They are square and round, just like a mountain on a mountain. The tomb of the two kings is recorded in historical records as the tomb of Xiaobai, Duke Huan of Jiang Qi, and Chujiu, Duke Jing. In 1984, according to the scale, shape and geographical location of the two king tombs and the four king tombs, and in connection with the lineage of Tian's royal family and the burial system of ancient emperors, the Shandong Provincial Institute of archaeology conducted a textual research and confirmed that the two king tombs were the tombs of Marquis Shan and Duke Huan Wu of Tian Qi.

Siwang tomb is also known as Sihao tomb. It is commonly known as "four generation grave" and "four women grave". This is the tomb of the four emperors of Tian Qiwei, min and Xiang. Located in the southwest of zhuazu mountain and the east side of Niushan mountain, it is straight from east to west and looks like a hill. According to the order from west to East: the first is 30 meters high with a perimeter of 140 meters; the second is 34 meters high with a perimeter of 157 meters; the third is 22 meters high with a perimeter of 190 meters; the fourth is 23 meters high with a perimeter of 130 meters, with four tombs alternating each other. The second is 130 meters high, the third is 2105 meters high, and the fourth is 3160 meters high with a total length of 541 meters. Known as the "Oriental pyramid".

Linzi tombs, in the four corners of Linzi, there are more than 150 ancient tombs (tombs), known as "Linzi tombs". Most of these ancient tombs are the tombs of the princes, ministers and nobles of the spring and Autumn period, the Warring States period and the state of Qi in the Han Dynasty. Among them, in the south of today's Qiling Town, six kings of Tianqi were buried here, which is known as Tianqi mausoleum. In 1988, the State Council announced that it was a national cultural relic protection unit. Erwang tomb, commonly known as "Erwang tomb", also known as "Qiwang tomb", is located on dingzu mountain in the south of Qiling town. The two tombs are juxtaposed in East and West, with a square base dome, 190 meters in length from north to South and 320 meters in length from east to west. Among them, the Xizhong tomb is about 190 meters long and seems to have three layers, shrinking layer by layer. The top of the round tomb is about 12 meters high. The eastern tomb is shorter than the western one. The tomb of the two kings is recorded as the cemetery of Qi Huan and the cemetery of Qi Jing. After textual research, it is believed that it is the tomb of Tian Qi Hou Shan and Tian Huan Gong Wu. Siwang tomb, also known as Sihao tomb, commonly known as "sinu tomb", is the tomb of Tian Qiwei, Xuanmin and Xiangsi emperors. It is located on the east side of Niushan mountain and juxtaposed with Nanshan in the East and West. From the west to the East, the first is the tomb of King Qiwei, with a height of 30 meters and a perimeter of 140 meters; the second is the tomb of King Qixuan, with a height of 34 meters and a perimeter of 157 meters; the third is the tomb of King Qimin, with a height of 22 meters and a perimeter of 190 meters; the fourth is the tomb of King Qixiang, with a height of 23 meters and a perimeter of 130 meters. The first and second tombs are 130 meters apart; the second and third tombs are 105 meters apart; the third and fourth tombs are 160 meters apart, with a total length of 541 meters. It's just like the continuous peaks, majestic momentum. Tianqi mausoleum is the tomb of the six kings of Qi in the spring and autumn and Warring States period. The tombs are arranged from east to west and connected with each other. The tombs are towering, majestic and hilly. There are dozens of small tombs around, so it is called "Qi mausoleum". The most famous tombs in the mausoleum area are the two king tombs and the four king tombs.

"Er Wang tomb" is commonly known as "Er Nu tomb" and "Qi Wang tomb", which is located on dingzu mountain in the northeast of the mausoleum area. The mountain is about 60 meters high limestone hills, north of the vast North Shandong plain. The tomb of the two kings was built on the mountain, with square and round tombs, and the East and the west side by side. The square base is 320 meters long from east to west and 190 meters wide from north to south. The base of the tomb seems to have three layers, shrinking layer by layer. The foundation of Xizhong tomb is about 190 meters long. The round tomb is about 12 meters high, and the East Tomb is slightly smaller than the West tomb. In the northwest foothills of "erwangzhong", there are one grave, one base and two graves. The base of the tomb is 150 meters from east to west and 110 meters from north to south, with three layers. The East and the west stand side by side on the platform, each with a round grave. There is also a small East-West tomb 40 meters northeast of Erwang tomb. These tombs seem to have something to do with the tombs of the two kings.

"Siwang tomb" is commonly known as "SINV tomb", which is located in the southwest of "Erwang tomb". In the south of the tomb, there is a hill with a flat top. The tombs are built on the mountain, with square tombs and round tombs, and the East and the west side by side. The four tombs are connected to each other, with a total length of about 700 meters. Due to the long-term erosion and cultivation of mountains and rivers, the north and west sides of the tomb foundation have been ravines and uneven, but the outline of the tomb foundation of the four graves is still clear.

The first tomb in the west is 245m from the north to the south, 155 meters from the East and West, and the height of the round grave is 8m. It is the largest one of the four tombs. The base of the second and third graves is about 138 meters and 145 meters, and the round graves are slightly smaller than the first one. The base of the fourth tomb is 245 meters from north to South and 155 meters from east to west, which is the same size as the first tomb. The distance between the base and the Third Tomb is 63 meters. The south side of the foundation of the four tombs is in a straight line, and it is speculated that the north side should be even

Chinese PinYin : Tian Qi Wang Ling