Yuhuatai

Yuhuatai is located in the south of Zhonghuamen, Nanjing. It is a beautiful hill surrounded by pine and cypress. It is about 100 meters high and 3.5 kilometers long, with a platform shape at the top and consists of three hills.

Yuhuashi is very famous in Nanjing, and Yuhuatai is also very famous. It can be regarded as a red tourist attraction in Nanjing. There are many historic sites, mausoleums, ecological forests, Yuhuashi and yuhuacha culture in the park. Yuhuatai Martyrs' cemetery records the history of the ancestors' anti Japanese War and highlights the spirit of the war. In the revolutionary martyrs' Memorial Hall and martyrs' deeds exhibition hall, many books, manuscripts, clothes and writing tools of the soldiers of that year are displayed.

Yuhuatai, there are places to choose Yuhuashi, attracting children's attention. The garden is lush and green, which is a good place to take a cool walk.

Yuhuatai scenic spot

synonym

Yuhuatai (Yuhuatai District, Nanjing City) generally refers to Yuhuatai scenic area

Yuhuatai scenic area is also known as Yuhuatai scenic area, referred to as Yuhuatai. Yuhuatai is a memorial shrine of the new democratic revolution, with a Memorial Cemetery. Located 1 km away from zhonghuamenwai, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing City, it covers an area of 153.7 hectares and has a green space coverage rate of more than 90%. It is a national unique commemorative scenic spot with natural mountains and forests as the basis, red tourism as the main body, and natural scenery and cultural landscape as one.

Spring and autumn are suitable for sightseeing.

Traffic information

metro

Take Metro Line 1 and get off at Zhonghuamen station, then walk about 700 meters to Yuhuatai north gate.

transit

To the North Gate: take bus No.26, 39, 49, 305, 2, 202, 63, 88, 204, Y2, Y4 and Y16 to get off at Yuhuatai station.

To the South Gate: take bus No.33, 44, 154, 173, 202, 204, 513, 515, Y14, Y16, Y20 and get off at Yuhuatai South Gate station.

Introduction

It has been identified as a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national patriotic education demonstration base, a national AAAA tourist attraction, a national advanced collective of scenic spots, and a national demonstration unit for protecting the rights and interests of tourism consumers, and has passed the ISO9001 / 14001 certification. The annual number of tourists is more than 2 million.

Yuhuatai is a beautiful hill surrounded by pines and cypresses. It is about 100 meters high and 3.5 kilometers long. The top is in a platform shape, and it is composed of two closely related hills: Donggang is called Meigang, Zhonggang is also called fengtaigang. In history, Xigang, which extended to andemenwai, was called Jubaoshan together with the first two hills. In the Ming Dynasty, jubaomen (now Zhonghua Gate), the South Gate of Nanjing, got its name from this mountain (Xigang is shizigang). Yuhuatai is the place where the martyrs of the new democratic revolution died. As many as 100000 Communists and revolutionary masses died here.

Yuhua stone is a feature here, but now, it is not produced here.

Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery is the main functional area of Yuhuatai scenic area. The Six Dynasties' yuhuaning heaven and earth charm, a blue history casting eternal holy platform.

History of scenic spots

Yuhuatai has a history of more than 3000 years since Taibo came to this area in 1147 B.C. Since 472 B.C., King Gou Jian of Yue built "Yue city", Yuhuatai has become a good place for climbing in the south of the Yangtze River. During the Three Kingdoms period, because of the colorful stones all over the hills, they were also called shizigang, agate hill and Jubao hill. During the reign of emperor Liang Wu of the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism was very popular. Master Yun Guang, a famous monk, often set up a platform on the top of the mountain behind the high temple here to give lectures. There were more than 500 monks sitting and listening. They spoke wonderfully and listened attentively. It is said that this event moved the Buddha, so the flowers fell like rain and turned into gorgeous stones everywhere, hence the name of Yuhuatai. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the "Yuhua view" and "mumo fenggao" in the scenic area were listed as one of the "18 scenic spots of Jinling" and "48 scenic spots of Jinling" respectively.

In the three thousand year history of Yuhuatai, there are many ancient sages and people with lofty ideals who have performed magnificent life here and left rich historical and cultural heritage. From Li Bai, Wang Anshi, Lu You, Zhu Yuanzhang, Kangxi and Qianlong to Lu Xun, Tian Han, Guo Moruo and Liu Haisu, all the literati and even the emperors and generals of the past dynasties left beautiful poems chanting Yuhuatai. "In the 480 temples of the Southern Dynasties, there are many buildings in the misty rain", "the snow reflects on the mountain, the eyebrows are purple, the smoke disappears, and the trees are round at the top". These wonderful poems are exactly the vivid portrayal of the human landscape and natural scenery of Yuhuatai in history.

The gaozuo temple in the Southern Dynasty was abandoned in the early years of Hongwu, and most of its buildings were destroyed by fire. In 1453, Hu Ying, the Minister of rites, came to offer incense. The scale of the temple is still in ruins. During the reign of Chenghua, the monk Zhaotang raised a lot of money and wanted to repair it. In December of the Wushen year of Hongzhi (1488), construction began to resume. In October of the Bingchen year (1496), it was completed. The two main halls of pharmacist and Jingye, as well as the East chamber, West Hall, bell and Drum Tower, kitchen and other buildings were restored. Behind the temple is the ancient rain flower terrace.

In Yuhuatai scenic spot, there is a famous scenic spot "the second spring in the south of the Yangtze River" in history, formerly known as yuhuaquan, also known as Yongning spring in ancient times. The spring has two holes, and the water is 1 meter above the ground. It is clear and sweet, and has unique color and taste. Lu You, a famous patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, visited Yuhuatai by way of Jiankang when he was in Sichuan. He made tea with the spring water, which is called Erquan, ranking among the famous scenic spots in Jinling The head of the spring. In Ming Dynasty, Zhao Qian inscribed a plaque for Erquan. The word "Jiangnan" and the following word "Di" were added by later generations. Today, the "Jiangnan Erquan" engraved on marble is inscribed by Xiao Xian, a famous contemporary calligrapher. Above the second spring in the south of the Yangtze River is the century old Erquan tea house. The original tea house building is of wood structure, which has been eroded by termites all the year round and has become a dangerous house. With the continuous development and utilization of Yuhuatai scenic spot tourism resources, in order to expand the cultural characteristics of Yuhuatai tea, in 2001, Yuhuatai scenic spot implemented the overall renovation of Erquan tea house.

Because Yuhuatai is a commanding height in the south of Nanjing City, it has become a must for military strategists of all dynasties. Mei Yi, the governor of Yuzhang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, resisted the invasion of foreign nationalities, and Yue Fei, the famous general of the Southern Song Dynasty, beat the Jin soldiers here. Since then, the Tianjing defense war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Xinhai Revolution against the Qing soldiers, and the "capital defense war" of the Anti Japanese war have all set off a beacon fire here, and Yuhuatai has gradually become desolate.

After 1927, Yuhuatai became the execution ground for KMT rulers to slaughter Communists and revolutionaries. After the founding of new China, the party and the government decided to build a martyrs' cemetery here.

The construction of scenic spots can be divided into three periods. From 1949 to 1979, according to the principle of "greening before construction", large-scale afforestation work was mainly carried out. From the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, large-scale memorial buildings were successively built. From north to south, on the 1500 meter long central axis, martyrs' sacrifice group sculptures, martyrs' Memorial, reflection pool, Memorial Bridge, memorial hall and loyal soul Pavilion were successively launched . At the 20th Congress of the International Association of architects held in Beijing in 1999, this group of ingenious memorial buildings won the "artistic creation achievement award". Since the mid-1990s, large-scale construction of scenic spots has been carried out, including the restoration and construction of Qianlong imperial monument, Erzhong temple, mumoting, Muxiyuan, Yiyuan and other scenic spots, the construction of Yuhuashi Museum and Jiangsu national security education exhibition hall, and the construction of new democratic revolutionary martyrs memorial area, scenic spots, Yuhuashi cultural area and yuhuacha cultural area, And the construction of recreation area and ecological dense forest area.

Today's Yuhuatai is a national unique Memorial scenic spot, which is based on natural mountains and forests, with red tourism as the main body, and integrates natural scenery and cultural landscape.

Beautiful legend

It is said that in the sixth year of Liang Tianjian (507), master Yun Guang of gaozuo temple outside the South Gate of Jinling City often set up an altar on shizigang, which was vivid and wonderful. He moved the Buddha, and the sky fell like rain. According to this legend, shizigang was renamed Yuhuatai in the Tang Dynasty.

There are two eyes of clear spring in gaozuo temple, which is named Yongning spring. Its water is pure and sweet. Lu You, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, called it "Er Quan" after tasting its spring water. Although the water of Er Quan is dry up to now, its ancient reputation still exists.

Main structure

The main functional area of Yuhuatai scenic spot is the martyr cemetery area running through the North-South central axis. Located in the north of the scenic spot, the gate of the cemetery is made of granite, with a height of 11.7 meters. On the square surrounded by mountains on three sides inside the gate stands a group sculpture of martyrs, 10.3 meters high and 14.2 meters wide, which is composed of 179 pieces of granite. It is the largest group sculpture of granite in China at present. The statue adopts the technique of "real from top to virtual from bottom" and focuses on the facial expression of the martyrs. On both sides of the ring Mausoleum Road can reach the main peak of Yuhuatai. On the main peak stands a 42.3-meter-high stone tablet. On the front of the tablet is engraved with seven gold characters of "monument to revolutionary martyrs" written by Deng Xiaoping himself, and on the back is engraved with a memorial tablet. There is also a 5.5-meter-high bronze statue of the martyr standing in front of the monument. On the south side of the monument, there is also a large-scale building with granite structure of "U" shape and national style - "Memorial Hall of revolutionary martyrs". The museum is 94 meters long, 49 meters wide, 26 meters high and has a construction area of 5900 square meters

Chinese PinYin : Yu Hua Tai