Cicheng ancient buildings

Cicheng ancient buildings

Cicheng ancient building complex is located in Cicheng Town, a famous Chinese historical and cultural town in Jiangbei District, Ningbo City. Cicheng is one of the few well preserved counties in the south of the Yangtze River. It has preserved a complete traditional way of life. There are not only a large number of residential buildings, but also public buildings and structures such as Confucius Temple, guild hall, memorial archway and ancient well.

brief introduction

The selected Cicheng ancient buildings are the most outstanding and representative ones. Among them, Confucius Temple is the most complete Confucian temple in eastern Zhejiang with complete layout and large scale, which reflects the importance and far-reaching influence of Confucianism in traditional life. The former residences of famous people in Ming Dynasty, such as Jiadi aristocratic family, fuzimentou, fuqingdi, buzhengfang and fengzhai in Qing Dynasty, are the representative works of local folk houses with exquisite workmanship and exquisite materials. There are still complete traditional blocks around them, and the historical environment has not changed greatly. They reflect the architectural style and life atmosphere of Cicheng in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Fengyue's painted platform gate is an important example of Jiangnan's painting, which has the style of Song Dynasty's painting.

In June 2006, it was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

In 2009, Cicheng ancient building complex in Jiangbei won the United Nations "honorary award for cultural heritage protection". This is also the only architectural complex in Zhejiang that has won this award this year. Cicheng ancient county has become the highest level cultural heritage project in Ningbo.

Cultural relics under special protection

Confucian Temple

The Confucius Temple in Cicheng, also known as Cixi County school, Confucian temple and academy, was built in the first year of Yongxi (984) of the Northern Song Dynasty. Li Zhaowen, the county magistrate, built 40 steps to the west of the county to cultivate scholars. In 1048, the county magistrate Lin Zhao moved to the present site and sent a letter to find a local resident to study Du Chun as a life teacher. In the fourth year of song Jianyan, the Jin soldiers invaded the South and the Confucius Temple was burned. In the 12th year of Shaoxing, county magistrate Bi Rui founded dianyuzhaiju, raised huge funds to rebuild Dacheng hall, zhaiju, menwei, and expand the East and West. In the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, the Confucius Temple in Cicheng, covering an area of 18 mu (5 / 9%), had 137 halls, ancestral halls, and rooms with red palace walls. The layout of the temple was East, West, and center. There are lingxingmen, panchi, dachengmen, dachengdian, mingluntang and tiyunting on the central axis, and Beinong on both sides. On the east-west axis, there are Kuixing, Wenchang, Jiexiao, Minghuan, Tudi, Chongsheng and other ancestral halls. There are more than 20 existing steles in the palace, including Wanli's "parents pan housi stele" and Ming's "Confucius statue praise". In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Anshi's "Cixi County Learning Record" in the Northern Song Dynasty was re engraved. With a total construction area of 1886 square meters and a large scale, it is the most complete Confucius Temple in eastern Zhejiang.

The Confucius Temple in Cicheng has been rebuilt and expanded, covering an area of 6900 square meters. Most of the preserved buildings are in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. Dacheng hall was rebuilt in 2002 and completed in 2003. A new 6765 square meter cultural and leisure square was built on the east side of the palace wall. It was opened to the public in July 2003 after comprehensive restoration.

The first generation family

Jiadi aristocratic family was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. It was the residence of Qianzhao, a Jinshi in Jiajing. The plane layout is a general rectangle, adjacent to Fu gate in the East. Qian Zhao was elected in the seventh year of Jiajing reign, and was an official to Qian Shi. Later, several of his next generation came to the top. Therefore, it is called the Jia Di family. There was a plaque inscribed "Jiadi aristocratic family" in the original gate, which was later destroyed.

The main building on the central axis has a front and back entrance, a front hall and East and West rooms. The hall is a three Bay beam lifting frame. The beam frame in the open room is special. Two child columns are used on the two-step beam in the secondary room to support the front and rear purlin. All the capitals and the middle gold pillars are supported by a bucket arch (decoration) above the capitals, and the side room structure is in the same room. All the front eaves pillars, their top pillars and their capitals are square, with local characteristics.

The latter is a five bay bungalow with the same structure as the former, and the material is smaller than the former. In addition to the central axis building, there is a lane in the East and West, next to the lane there are two-story wing rooms in the East and West, and there is a veranda in the north and south. From the plane layout to the architectural features, the house has the unique form of Ming Dynasty residential buildings, which is a relatively complete group of buildings in our city. It is a typical study of residential buildings in the late Ming Dynasty.

Fortune gate

Located at No.7, jinjiajing lane, Cicheng City, Fuzi gate is composed of gate, second gate (destroyed), Zhaobi, second entrance gate, front hall, two entrances in front and back, five rooms and two lanes in front and back, and left and right wing rooms. It covers an area of 1086 square meters and covers an area of 1089 square meters. It was originally a part of Feng Shuji's residence, Huguang political envoy in Wanli of Ming Dynasty. The front hall is five bay, with nine purlins, the stigma is cross section, the front eaves column is small angle, and the lower edge of the child column is tongue shaped. It is characteristic of Ming Dynasty. There is a huge word "Fu" in the book of Zhengzhong of ertai gate, so it is called "Fu" gate.

Fu Qingdi

Fuqingdi was originally the residence of Chen Jing, a fashionable Baoqing in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, so it was named. The existing building was built in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. It is divided into the front hall, the back building and the second chamber building. It has nine rooms in front and five halls in the middle. The back building has a back porch, and the top of the building is covered with a canopy ceiling. The gate faces east, with porches in front of and behind the gate, and Shi Daobao drum stones, all of which are Bogu. They are Pingsheng three cymbals, halberds, vases, hair tubes, dusts, bell frames, tripods, etc. The couplets of the gate are engraved with Double Dragons grabbing pearls, Phoenix playing pearls, pomegranate, squirrel, lion, bergamot and so on. The forehead of the gate is decorated with pingshen branch.

On the south wall, there are three side ornaments: curly grass, geometric kuilong, lion dance, hydrangea, Phoenix and peony.

The front hall, the back building, the eaves, the brick and stone carvings on the wall, and the upper side of the second partition wall of the middle courtyard are decorated with people, animals, pavilions, flowers, plants and fruits.

Buzhengfang

Buzhengfang is the former residence of Feng Shuji, the governor of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. Feng Shuji, whose name is Rudi, was a Jinshi in the 32nd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty. Except for Taihe County Magistrate, he seldom served as the head of the ritual department, and served as the governor of Huguang successively.

When Buzheng house was first built, it had a large scale, with a total construction area of 10000 square meters. The building used large materials, strong strength, wide surface, deep depth and high height, ranking first among the same generation buildings in the ancient city. At present, there are nine main buildings in the East, the middle and the west, with a total area of 988 square meters.

Feng house

This house was built in the late Qianlong period and has been well preserved up to now. The front door is a building type platform door facing east. On the right side of the gate, there is a large "Lu" shaped stone flower window. The entrance building is Nong, with a long and narrow patio. There is a brick screen wall on the front. On the north side of Nong, there is a side hall with three rooms and two Nongs, and the Ming room is a beam lifting type. On the south side of the lane is a Sanheyuan. The brick carvings on the two gatehouses and the screen walls are well preserved. The practice of Dou Gong is regular and the decoration theme is simple. It has the architectural characteristics of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.

Fengyue painted platform door

Feng Yue's painted platform gate is the former residence of Feng Yue, the Minister of criminal justice of Nanjing in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty. It was built by Emperor Wanli. All the beams, columns, Fang, forehead and brackets of the platform gate are decorated with pink "peacock peony", "crane" and "Lotus leaf". Some of the pillars are carved with dragon, Phoenix, unicorn, Ganoderma lucidum and Ruyi. There is a stone lion in front of the gate.

From the perspective of architectural style and structural characteristics, the platform door is a typical Ming Dynasty original. It retains the precious historical information about the composition, color and drawing technology of the southern folk high-grade architecture painting in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. It is one of the few existing examples of Southern architecture painting in the Ming Dynasty.

In June 2003, Cicheng Ancient County Development Co., Ltd. invested 300000 yuan in the maintenance. In strict accordance with the principle of "repairing the old as before and restoring the original state" of the cultural relics law, the door was thoroughly repaired for one year, which played a key role in the protection of the dilapidated building.

Through this repair, a series of building hazards, such as water leakage, termite, house tilt and component decay, have been basically solved. However, due to more than 400 years of wind and rain, the painting on the main components of the building has faded, which is very serious. At present, there are no better protection methods and measures. The surrounding environment of the cultural protection unit has not been well coordinated Reconciliation and protection.

Address: Cicheng Town, Jiangbei District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 121.465466

Latitude: 29.981531

Chinese PinYin : Ci Cheng Gu Jian Zhu Qun