Longhu

It is located in the west of Yongding County, linxianshi Township, Hongshan Township and Fengfeng town in the west, Rentian Township and Xiadu Township in Shanghang County in the north, and the power station reservoir dam in the south. It is the reservoir of Mianhuatan Hydropower Station in Fujian Province. In order to develop tourism, the county people's government named Longhu in 2000. The largest lake covers an area of 64 square kilometers, with a maximum water depth of 100 meters and a maximum storage capacity of 2.035 billion cubic meters.

The lake is surrounded by green mountains. There are dozens of small islands in the lake, which reflect with the towering wangshou mountain beside the lake and become a major tourist landscape. There are cruise companies, restaurants, tourism and other service facilities. Develop aquaculture and build cage fish farm.

Longhu

Longhu, commonly known as Chenghu, is named after the Fuxi family, the Chinese ancestor Taihao, whose capital is wanqiu, and whose name is Longshi. After the dredging of Liuhu Lake in 1996, Huaiyang was named Longdu. Longhu Lake is 4.4 km wide from east to west, 2.5 km long from north to south, and 14 km long dike. It is composed of four parts: Donghu Lake, Liuhu lake, Nantan lake, and Xiange lake, with an area of 11 square kilometers, commonly known as WanMu Longhu Lake. It is the largest lake around the city in inland China. Approved by the State Forestry Administration on December 23, 2009, it was promoted to National Wetland Park

.

Measured in 1981, Longhu dike is 14 km long, 4.4 km wide from east to west, and 2.5 km long from north to south. It is divided into Liuhu lake, Xiange lake, Nantan lake, Donghu Lake and Neihu lake. The lake area covers a total area of 11 square kilometers, with a total area of 16483 mu. In addition to the county, places of interest and some villages, the water area is 5.3 square kilometers, 10840 mu. By the end of 2008, GPS satellite positioning survey showed that except shoals, the water area was 1877 mu for Liuhu lake, 1574 mu for Xiange lake, 2817 mu for Nantan lake, 4582 mu for Donghu Lake, and 10850 mu for four lakes. The actual measurement of lakes in the urban area: 86.6 mu in the southeast, 54.8 mu in the northeast, 89.5 mu in the northwest and 19.2 mu in the southwest, totaling 250.1 mu. The total area of Longhu Lake is 11100 mu.

Location context

Longhu, located in the hinterland of the Huang Huai plain, is 4.4 kilometers wide from east to west, 2.5 kilometers long from north to south, 14 kilometers long with an area of 11 square kilometers. The water surface is composed of Liuhu lake, Donghu Lake, Xiange lake and Nantan lake. Liuhu District, located in the northwest, has a water area of 1877 mu. Nantan lake, located in the southeast, covers an area of 2817 mu. East Lake, located in the northeast, is the largest of the four lakes, with a water area of 4582 mu. Xiange lake, located in the southwest, covers an area of 1574 mu. Surrounded by Huaiyang District, the city is located in the middle of the lake, only four roads are connected with the outside. Known as the "water city Huaiyang".

Formation and evolution

According to the history of water conservancy in China, during the 1676 years from the 80th year of Tang Yao (2278 BC) to the fifth year of King Ding of Zhou (602 BC), the Yellow River moved greatly, and there were six actual investigators in Huaiyang, who moved once. In the first year of emperor Hanping's reign (AD 1), "the riverside was destroyed, and the Yellow River invaded southward" and in the 13th year of Yongping's reign (AD 70), "after the riverside was separated, the water was no longer harmed", the Yellow river overflowed for 69 years. In the autumn of 598, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, Xihua, Chenzhou, Kaifeng and other nine prefectures and counties were decided. Tang Zhenguan 14 years (640) autumn, the river. In the third year of Tang Wenzong's Kaicheng reign (838), he Jue, immersed in the outer cities of Zheng and Hua, and flooded the prefectures of Chen, Xu, Chen, Fang, Cao, PU, Wei and Bo.

According to the records of Chenzhou in Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, in April of 1009, the second year of Xiangfu in Song Dazhong, Chenzhou was suffering from floods at the age of 20. Please enter Caihe River from xunjianshui River in Changge county and buzaocun old river. Since October, shuangmen has been built in Jianshui River to reduce the floods of Chen and Ying. Zhang was the commander of Chen Zhou's army and horse. He built dikes and Yuan Jiaqu to defend the water. Chen Yi had no trouble. In the seventh year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1374), the river was blocked and the water transport was blocked. He participated in politics safely and supervised the work, which did not exceed the completion of monthly work. There were frequent floods on the boundary of the prefecture. Li Ziyi, the governor of the prefecture, led the people to build embankments for the future. Although the river overflowed, it was not a disaster. In the 45th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1566), there was a flood in zhoudashui, and in the 2nd year of Longqing (1568), there was a flood again. Bingxian Fulin said that the water was not enough to be drained by a single breach of the Caihe river. He visited the old ditch near the city and learned how to dredge it. They also ordered the civil and military officials to build the city embankment and the river embankments in Shaying. In 1593, there was another flood. In the 23rd year, Yang canshen, the governor of Zhizhou, approved the construction of dikes and ditches. Twenty four years later, the flood was restored, the ditches were dredged, and the Bridge Sluice was built.

"Huaiyang county annals" records: in 1677, when the rainstorm was just ten days away, the Caihe river overflowed into the city, four boats sailed, and many houses collapsed. In the autumn of the 11th year of Daoguang (1831), the Caihe river broke through the East dike twice and surrounded the city like a sea. In 1926, the water broke the northwest dike. In 1931, the water broke the northwest dike again. From the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, there were 57 floods in the Yellow River.

From the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, the city wall was built continuously, and the appearance of Longhu Lake was also changing. The ground outside the lake was increased layer by layer due to the yellow water flooding and sediment deposition. From the perspective of geological exploration, the moat is added with more than 20 layers, and the silt outside the embankment has clear layers. Because of the flood into the lake, sediment deposition, and the bottom of the lake also gradually increased. In general, in rainy years, the depth of the lake is about 1.5-2.8 meters, and the drop from the surface of the lake to the surface outside the lake is about 2.5-3 meters, forming a lake around the county town with an average drop of about 4.9 meters from the surface outside the lake and the surface inside the city.

A large number of archaeological materials and literature records confirm that Huaiyang city was built in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Restricted by the economic conditions at that time, all construction was limited to the urban area, and it did not develop outward until the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, there were many ancient kilns and ponds formed before. In the late Tang Dynasty, dikes were built to protect the city, but no lakes were formed. In the second year of Guangming (881) of emperor Xizong of Tang Dynasty, there are many roads connected with each other in the lake area, and many ancient tombs are scattered among them, which shows that the living people are farming their own fields, and the dead people are still peaceful. Longhu Lake was formed in the early Song Dynasty. Liuhu lake and Donghu Lake were the earliest lakes with large area. There are no relics of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in the whole lake area, which fully shows this point. After the formation of Longhu Lake, it also dried up all the year round. At the same time, there are many villages in hetiange Lake area of Nantan lake. After being surrounded by dike, there are still villages, and people continue to live in them. Xiaojinlou village in Xiange Lake District and Nantan village, Sanguanmiao village and caizhuang village in Nantan Lake District are still existing. According to the records in the land purchase certificate of the Jin Dynasty, there was a Siling village in the Xiange Lake area at that time, which was named because there was a Siling tomb outside the dike. This is the reason for a small number of Jin Dynasty tombs. At the same time, we can also see that the "pool" and "Ze" in the book of songs Chen Feng refer to not only the city in the east gate, the beautiful clear water pond scene with wild Pu and lotus outside the city, but also the small and unconnected pools of different sizes and larger pools in the lake. After the formation of Longhu Lake, its area and shape are constantly changing, which is the result of the long-term integration of human factors and natural factors. The frequent flooding of the Yellow River plays an important role in the formation of Longhu Lake, which is an essential external condition for the formation of the lake around the city. The humanistic factor is the need of people's subjective initiative to protect the city and give full play to the enemy's flood fighting.

According to the archaeological excavation and the newly discovered records of the old chronicles, the causes are as follows: first, to build a dike for flood control and protect the city; second, to build a city by taking soil inside the dike and depositing sediment outside the dike; second, to build a city by taking soil from the dike and raising the ground in the urban area and lowering the ground outside the city. According to the textual research, the earliest written record of "protecting the city wall" is the epitaph of Li Kan in 881, the second year of Guangming reign of emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, who said: "looking at the long wall in front, looking at the temple in back, connecting the avenue in the West". The earliest formation of the lake around the city was in the second year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1009) of the Song Dynasty. The earliest written record of "Lake" was the "Wanghu platform" built by Zhang Yong, the governor of Chenzhou in the Song Dynasty, 1015 years ago. The earliest poem about Liuhu was the Song Dynasty great writer Su Zhe, who came to Chenzhou to teach in the fourth year of Xining (1071). According to the division of regions, the earliest written record of naming is Chen Zhou Zhi written by Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty: "Liuhu is in the northwest corner of the county city. Beiguan lake, east of Liuhu, county city. Nantan lake is located in the southeast corner of the county city, near Nantan, because of its name. " Huaining County annals in the 19th year of Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty is the first one to show the lake and its dyke completely.

Cultural legend

6500 years ago, under the leadership of Fuxi clan of Taihao, after a long and arduous journey, they discovered Longhu Lake, which is rich in water and grass and suitable for human settlement, found a happy land for life, and began to establish the capital of wanqiu. "Erya Shiqiu" says: "there is a mound on the mound, which is called wanqiu. Chen has "wanqiu". Wanqiu is named after the ancient topography of Huaiyang. It is high in the middle and low around. It is surrounded by water and looks like an inverted bowl, so it is named wanqiu. According to Taiping Huanyu Ji, wanqiu is in the southeast of the county.

Six thousand years later, Longhu still maintains the appearance of "city in the lake, Lake in the city". It is because of the existence and nourishment of Longhu that Fuxi's civilization was established. According to the records in the book of changes, Fuxi "made a rope to make a net net, and used tenancy to fish" and "began to draw eight trigrams". Here, he taught the people to form nets, to raise sacrifices, and to promote cooking, which provided a fundamental guarantee for the survival of the tribe. He established his surname, made his marriage, painted eight trigrams, and made all the foreigners submit to him. He began the Chinese civilization with the dragon as the official. The Chinese nation began to be called the descendant of the dragon and established the blood root of the Chinese nation. Longhu is the lake of life, the lake of origin, and the mother lake of the Chinese nation.

Culture is the soul of the vast Dragon Lake. For thousands of years, it's been

Chinese PinYin : Long Hu