East China martyrs cemetery

East China revolutionary martyrs cemetery

synonym

East China martyrs' cemetery generally refers to East China revolutionary martyrs' cemetery

Located in Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province, the cemetery of revolutionary martyrs in East China is a large memorial building complex and garden built to commemorate the revolutionary martyrs who died in East China from the first revolution to the liberation war.

The cemetery was built in April 1949 and designed by Mr. Liang Sicheng. Covering an area of 192000 square meters, there are 19 large-scale memorial buildings such as towers, halls, halls, pavilions, tombs and corridors. The overall layout is axial symmetry, and the style is antique architecture. The north and South gates are on the same axis as the main buildings, such as the revolutionary martyrs memorial tower and the revolutionary martyrs memorial hall. The famous martyrs' tombs and stone statue pavilions, such as Suyu, Luo Binghui and Hans EBER, are symmetrically arranged on the East and west sides.

In October 1986, it was listed as the first batch of "national key martyr memorial building protection units" by the State Council. In June 2006, it was announced as a national AAA scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration. In August 2014, it was named "the first batch of national anti Japanese War Memorial facilities and sites" by the State Council.

Historical evolution

In February 1949, in memory of the soldiers and civilians in East China who died during the Anti Japanese War and the war of liberation. The East China Bureau proposed that the people's Government of Shandong Province decide to build a large-scale martyr cemetery in Linyi.

In April 1949, the foundation of East China revolutionary martyrs cemetery was laid.

In 1950, the main projects were completed one after another. Since then, repair and construction have been carried out one after another. Today, there are 18 large-scale memorial buildings in the park, including towers, halls, pavilions, corridors, squares and tombs.

Memorial Building

Revolutionary martyrs memorial tower

The revolutionary martyrs memorial tower is located in the center of the cemetery, on the same axis as the south gate, memorial hall and north gate. The foundation was laid on April 28, 1949 and completed on May 1, 1950. The memorial hall for revolutionary martyrs in the north is the two main theme buildings of the cemetery when it was first built. The height of the tower is 45 meters. The architectural form of the tower is pentagonal Pavilion column type (also known as pentagonal three-dimensional tower type). It is composed of granite, limestone and steel bone cement. It is divided into three parts: Tower, tower body and tower top. The top of the tower is decorated with large Cloisonne red five stars. On the front of the tower, "the monument of revolutionary martyrs" was written by Chairman Mao Zedong.

There are 10 large and small stone tablets set around the pagoda, engraved with inscriptions of the people's Government of Shandong Province on the construction of the pagoda and inscriptions of Party and state leaders such as Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin. Five stone reliefs are set above the inscriptions, reflecting the great victory of the Anti Japanese War and the war scene of destroying the 74th division of the Kuomintang army. At the top of the ten stone pillars, there are 10 groups of figures of workers, peasants, soldiers, young women supporting the army, standing guard for production, joining the army and supporting the war. It highlights such a theme: the war is the war of the people, and the victory of the war is the victory of the people.

Memorial Hall of revolutionary martyrs

The memorial hall of revolutionary martyrs was laid on May 15, 1949 and completed on July 1, 1950. The building is a double-layer ancient palace style. It is made of limestone and cement. It is 45 meters long from east to west, 19.6 meters wide from north to South and 21.4 meters high. The inscriptions "martyrs of the people's revolution are immortal" and "your achievements are immortal" on the screen wall of the memorial hall are the personal topics written by Zhou Enlai and Ren Bishi. On the huge stone tablets in the hall are engraved the heroic names of 62576 martyrs who fought, worked and died in Yimeng mountain area during the 25 years from the great revolution to the war of liberation. Among them, 372 martyrs were above the county level. Among the more than 60000 martyrs, more than 30000 are Yimeng martyrs. Other martyrs come from 16 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, and some are internationalist fighters from foreign countries.

Tomb of martyr Luo Binghui

Luo Binghui's tomb is built in the form of a straight four corner tower (i.e. symmetrical cross). It was built in 1950 and is 11 meters high. The top of the tomb is decorated with the medal won by the general in the five anti "encirclement and suppression" campaigns, and the inscriptions of Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi and other leaders are engraved around the tomb. Four small relief carvings are carved to show general Luo Binghui's care for the soldiers, the masses, the formulation of combat plans, and the depth of forward command. The carvings are delicate and touching.

Luo Binghui, a native of Yiliang County, Yunnan Province, Han nationality, was born in 1897. He took part in the war to protect yuan and the northern expedition. After joining the Red Army, he successively served as the commander of the regiment, commander of the column, commander of the 12th Red Army, commander in chief of the 9th Red Army, etc. he was ordered to lead his troops to contain the enemy, cover the main force of our army, and make contributions to the victory of the long march. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Luo Binghui successively served as deputy division commander, division commander, deputy commander of the New Fourth Army and deputy commander of Shandong military region. In April 1946, Chiang Kai Shek began a large-scale attack on the liberated areas of Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong. At this time, Luo Binghui was seriously ill, but he stopped recuperating and went to battle with illness. On June 21, Luo Binghui died of cerebral hemorrhage due to overwork.

Luo Binghui stone statue Pavilion

Zhanrong Sigong Pavilion (also known as the stone statue Pavilion of general Luo Binghui) is carved according to the ratio of 1:1, with a height of 1.9 meters. The general himself weighs 276 Jin. He is tall, burly and dignified. The statue depicts the style of general Luo Binghui in his lifetime. The archetype of the hero Luo Xiao in the movie from slave to general is general Luo Binghui. On June 21, 1946, when the troops under the command of Yi County command post on the front line of southern Shandong blocked the Kuomintang troops from invading the liberated areas, he suffered a sudden cerebral hemorrhage. On the way to Linyi, he died in Lanling, Cangshan, at the age of 49. During his lifetime, general Luo Binghui served as deputy commander of the New Fourth Army and deputy commander of Shandong military region. He was one of the 33 militarists of the people's Republic of China represented by Mao Zedong and one of the eight martyrs who died during the war.

Tomb statue of Hans EBER

Hans EBER's tomb, 9.4 meters high, was completed on November 1, 1963. The upper part of the tomb is in the shape of a double crown, and the tomb is in the shape of a hexagonal tower. The large white marble statue, 2.2 meters high, was carved in October 1989 to commemorate the 48th anniversary of Hans EBER's death. Hans EBER's two arms are placed in front of his chest, with a pen in one hand and an interview book in the other. He looks at the front calmly and deeply, showing the lofty image of an internationalist journalist.

Hans EBER is an internationalist journalist, a journalist of the Pacific Society, and a member of the German Communist Party. He was born in Krakow, Poland, in June 1897 and has been to China five times. In order to report the true situation of the Eighth Route Army's heroic Anti Japanese war behind the enemy lines in Shandong to the people of the world, EBER arrived at Zhufan village, Linshu, the center of the coastal Anti Japanese base area, from the headquarters of the New Fourth Army in Northern Jiangsu in September 1941. At the beginning of November of the same year, the Japanese aggressors gathered 50000 troops to carry out an unprecedented brutal "sweep" of the Anti Japanese base area in Yimeng mountain area. On the morning of the 30th, the second echelon of Hebrew encountered Japanese troops in Daqingshan. He fought the enemy bravely and tenaciously with pen and gun. Unfortunately, Yimeng was bloodstained and died bravely. He was 44 years old. The inscription of Shandong military region for Hans EBER "to go to Eurasia for internationalism, to fight against the bloody Yimeng of Japanese invaders" is a high summary of Hans EBER's life.

Tomb of martyr Zhang Yuanshou

The tomb of martyr Zhang Yuanshou, deputy chief of staff of the East China Field Army, was completed on June 1, 1950 with a height of 9.2 meters. The shape of the tomb is designed according to Zhang Yuanshou's habit of sports and mountain climbing during his lifetime. The worshippers can climb to the top of the tomb along the stone steps around the ring. There are inscriptions by Comrades Chen Yi, Zhang Jinfu, Zhang Zhen and ye Fei. There are 23 small relief carvings around the tomb wall, reflecting the main deeds of Zhang Yuanshou's military life.

Zhang Yuanshou, from Yongding County, Fujian Province, was born in 1914. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1932 and successively served as the director of the General Supply Department of the Red Army, the station chief of the New Fourth Army, and the deputy chief of staff of the East China Field Army. In March 1947, when he was on a battlefield inspection tour in Zhangdian, Zibo, he was strafed by enemy planes. Unfortunately, he was shot and killed at the age of 34.

Tomb of martyr Liu Yan

The tomb of martyr Liu Yan, 9.1 meters high, was completed on July 1, 1950. Inscriptions by Comrades Chen Yi and Yang Lisan are engraved on the tombstone. Liu Yan was then political commissar of the first division of the New Fourth Army.

Liu Yan, from Taoyuan County, Hunan Province, was born in 1904. In 1927, he participated in the autumn harvest uprising led by our party, and successively served as a party representative of the company, a political commissar of the Communist Youth League, a political commissar of the first division of the New Fourth Army, and a political commissar of the Central Soviet military region. In June 1946, Liu Yan arrived in the liberated area of Shandong Province with his army. On November 20 of the same year, he died of illness in xitaohua village, Yinan, at the age of 42.

Tomb of martyrs in wanglushui

Wang Lushui's tomb, 9.5 meters high, was built in four directions. It was completed on May 1, 1950. At that time, he was the commander and political commissar of the eighth division of Shandong military region.

Wang Lushui, born in 1913 in Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province, joined the Communist Party of China in 1932. In March 1939, he arrived in Shandong with the 115th division, and successively served as political commissar and Secretary of the Party committee of Lunan military region, and commander and political commissar of the eighth division of Shandong military region. Once led the Ministry to eliminate Liu heiqi. On December 13, 1945, Wang Lushui led the eighth division to liberate Tengxian county. Unfortunately, he was shot and killed. He was only 3 years old

Chinese PinYin : Hua Dong Lie Shi Ling Yuan