Four scenes of Dali

Four scenes of Dali

Dali city is located in the southwest end of the southern Hengduan Mountains, which belongs to the southwest gorge area. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The territory has magnificent mountains and beautiful scenery. There are not only winding and towering mountains, but also basins and lakes surrounded by peaks. It is known by predecessors as a beautiful plateau environment with "green mountains embracing green water, lake light reflecting mountain scenery, exotic flowers in four seasons and fragrance in a hundred miles". There are majestic and charming Cangshan Mountain and attractive Erhai Lake; there are ancient cities with chessboard structure of Ming and Qing Dynasties, simple and elegant residential buildings; there are magnificent three pagodas and one pagoda, beautiful butterfly spring and Tuanshan; there are more than 40 existing ancient cities, pagodas and temples in Dali. Dali has picturesque scenery throughout the year. Among many landscapes, wind, flower, snow and moon are the most famous, namely "Xiaguan wind, Shangguan flower, Cangshan snow and Erhai moon".

Introduction to four scenes

-Xiaguanfeng-

This is the main wind source between Cang'er, and the long wind period and strong wind force are rare in the world. In a year, the number of gale days is more than 35 days, winter and spring is the wind season, and summer and autumn is a little smaller. The average wind speed of Xiaguan is 4.2 meters per second, and the maximum wind speed is 10. Xiaguan is located at the exit of a long valley between Cangshan Mountain and Ailao Mountain. Cangshan Mountain blocks the atmospheric circulation. The westerly wind prevailing in winter and spring and the monsoon of Indian Ocean and bay of Bengal in summer and autumn enter Xiaguan through this valley, forming a strong westerly wind between Cang'er in winter and spring and a southwest wind at the turn of summer and autumn.

The wind of Xiaguan never stops all the year round. Because the two mountains at the entrance are narrow and the middle is in a trough shape, the wind blowing in will go up and down, and sometimes it will whirl, resulting in some strange natural phenomena. For example, when pedestrians walk in the wind, their hats should fall behind them, but they will fall in front of them at Xiaguan. It is often hard to understand the special geographical conditions at the wind entrance of Xiaguan. Xiaguan wind with sand, and refreshing, plays an important role in regulating the climate.

In this regard, there is a beautiful legend in the Bai folk flow room: a long time ago, a white fox on Cangshan Mountain became a beauty and came to the world to fall in love with a Bai scholar. One day, the scholar's husband found out about them. He angrily picked up the inkstone and knocked the scholar down to Erhai. In order to save her lover, Bai Hu runs to Nanhai to find Guanyin Bodhisattva for help. Guanjian Bodhisattva gave her six bottles of wind and told her not to speak or shout on the way. But white fox, who is eager to save people, is on his way in a hurry. When he comes to tianyili bridge, he doesn't pay attention to the trip and falls down. "Ouch" calls out. As a result, liupingfeng runs five bottles at once. From then on, there was a strong wind in Xiaguan.

-Shangguan flower-

Dali has a mild and humid climate, which is most suitable for the growth of flowers and trees. Therefore, the love of flowers and flowers has become a custom of Bai people. The name of Shangguan flower comes from the fact that in ancient times, there was a tree named chaozhuhua in Shangguan. It had a wonderful flower, which was as big as lotus, with 12 petals, 13 petals in leap year, and the fruit could be used as chaozhuhua. At that time, Xiake also came to see it. Unfortunately, there were only trees but not flowers. There is also a popular legend about this flower: when a kind-hearted woman was in difficult labor, she was given a pearl by an immortal, which was in her mouth. Due to carelessness, the Pearl fell to the ground, and this strange flower tree grew up. When the flowers and trees grow up, they are often harassed by corrupt officials. The common people suffer so much that they cut them down. Since then, this mysterious Shangguan flower has become more and more attractive, and has become a synonym for the rare flowers in Dali. As a matter of fact, Dali has attracted worldwide attention for its many varieties of flowers. Camellia alone has more than 40 varieties. It has long been a well-known story that "every family has its own flowing water and every family has its own flowers".

-Cangshan snow-

Each of the 19 peaks of Cangshan Mountain is 3500 meters above sea level. The highest peak, Malong peak, is 4122 meters. Due to its high altitude, it is extremely cold at the top of the peak. It is snowy all the year round. It is crystal clear and white in the sun, which is spectacular. Cangshan snow, which can't be eliminated in summer, is the most famous one. It is said that one year the plague was prevalent at the foot of Cangshan Mountain. Two brothers and sisters drove the God of plague to the top of the mountain with their learned magic skills and buried him in the snow to die of cold. In order to prevent the God of plague from coming back to life, my sister has become the snow God of snowman peak, Yongzhen Cangshan. The magnificence of Dali mountain and river is inseparable from the snow landscape of Cangshan Mountain. Yang Sheng'an of the Ming Dynasty said it was "covered with snow on the top of the mountain, covered with white clouds on the hillside, skillful in the sky, and each showed his own skills." in the Yuan Dynasty, Huang Hua's poem stele said that it was "a jade dragon hanging on the platform of a mirror, flying snow and wind in the middle of the mountain." in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Lai Yi, the Hanlin scholar who sent the Wuji monk back to Dali, described it as "the ancient snow of Yin rock, the Ancient Judaism, and the three thousand autumn of white stone." Cangshan snow magnificent, comparable to the Alps.

-Erhai moon-

Known as the "Golden Moon" by the Bai people, it arouses people's pursuit of a better life all the time. It is said that the princess in the Moon Palace yearns for the world and comes to Erhai beach to marry an Hei, a fisherman. In order to help the fishermen catch more fish, she put her mirror in the sea to show the fish clearly. Fishermen catch more fish and live a good life. The princess's mirror has become a golden moon in the sea, shining from generation to generation. The self sustenance of the white people's rich emotions. A simple folk song has been handed down from ancient times: Shangguan flower, Xiaguan wind, Xiaguan wind blowing Shangguan flower; Cangshan snow, Erhai moon, Erhai moon shining Cangshan snow.

Interestingly, the headdress of Bai girls also means "wind, flower, snow and moon": the tassel is the wind of Xiaguan; the gorgeous flower is the flower of Shangguan; the white hat top is the snow of Cangshan; the curved shape is the moon of Erhai.

Related Poems

Dali has picturesque scenery throughout the year. Among many scenic spots, the four most famous and fascinating are wind, flower, snow and moon. The local Bai people have a riddle poem about the four sceneries of wind, flower, snow and moon, which has been handed down from generation to generation

Insects into the phoenix nest do not see birds (wind), seven head long grass (flowers);

Drizzle on Hengshan (snow), half a friend disappeared (month).

In January 1962, after visiting Dali, Cao Jinghua, a famous writer, was filled with emotion about the four scenes of wind, flower, snow and moon in Dali

Xiaguan wind, Shangguan flower, Xiaguan wind blows Shangguan flower;

Cangshan snow, Erhai moon, Erhai moon, Cangshan snow.

Address: Dali City, Yunnan Province

Longitude: 100.267638

Latitude: 25.606486

Chinese PinYin : Da Li Si Jing