Dabaotaixi Han Tomb Museum

Dabaotaixi Han Tomb Museum in Beijing is a special historical museum. It is the first Han Dynasty Tomb Museum in China. It was built in November 1979 and opened on December 1, 1983. The main building in the museum, which is gray and white and imitates the Han Dynasty, covers an area of 18000 square meters. It is a key cultural relic protection unit and youth education base in Beijing.

Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing

synonym

Dabaotaixi Han Tomb Museum generally refers to dabaotaixi Han Tomb Museum in Beijing

Dabaotai Museum of Western Han Tombs in Beijing is located 500 meters away from Guogongzhuang South World Park, Huaxiang, Fengtai District, Beijing. Dabaotai, once known as Baotai and Baotai, is a special historical museum. It is China's first Han Dynasty Tomb Museum and a museum of imperial mausoleum sites,

National third level museum,

National 3A tourist attractions.

The Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, was built more than 2000 years ago on the original site of the underground palace of Liu Jian, Guangyang king of the Western Han Dynasty (73-45 BC). Some of the items on display were unearthed for the first time, such as iron axes cast by smelting method of "solid decarbonization of pig iron into steel"; wheels of the Western Han Dynasty; Zigong, Bianfang, Huangchang Tiao, etc. These historical relics are of great value to the study of the burial system of emperors, chariots and horses, and the history of Beijing in the Western Han Dynasty.

As of 2006, about 1000 pieces of cultural relics have been unearthed from No. 1 and No. 2 tombs of the Western Han Dynasty and sites of the Jin Dynasty in the Dabaotai Museum of Western Han Dynasty in Beijing. More than 1000 pieces of cultural relics were unearthed from Guangyang King's underground palace, including pottery, bronze, iron, lacquerware, agate, gold foil, silk, etc. More than 400 kinds of cultural relics have been unearthed from the tomb of "Huang Min Ti CuO". Jade burial, gold-plated jade head pillow, jade pendant, pottery pot, etc.

In 1993, the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, was named "Beijing Patriotic Education Base" and "Beijing popular science base" by Beijing Municipal Party committee, government and science and Technology Commission,

In 1995, the Western Han Tomb Museum of Dabaotai in Beijing was listed as the fifth batch of cultural relics protection units in Beijing.

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Historical evolution

In 1974, some charcoal, white plaster and five baht coins were found during the construction, and then the Western Han tomb was found.

In November 1979, the construction of the Western Han Tomb Museum in Dabaotai, Beijing began.

On December 1, 1983, the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing was completed and opened. On the original site of Liu Jian, Guangyang king of the Western Han Dynasty, a museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing was established.

architectural composition

overview

The basic display of the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, consists of four parts: the restoration display of the tomb chamber of Dabaotai No.1, the display of the vehicles and horses for the dead in the tomb of Dabaotai No.1, the restoration display of the Han vehicles in the tomb of Dabaotai No.1, and the display of the funerary objects unearthed from the tombs of Dabaotai No.1 and No.2. The architectural sites and water wells of the Jin Dynasty discovered during the Han tomb cleaning process are also protected and displayed together.

The exhibition of the Museum covers an area of 18000 square meters. The whole underground palace is made of several hundred square cypress, Phoebe and other precious wood. It is 23.2 meters long from north to south, 18 meters wide from east to west, and 4.7 meters away from the surface of the earth. There are three chariots and eleven horses buried in the tomb road. They are practical chariots and horses in the Western Han Dynasty. According to historical records, they are specially designed for princes and princes. In addition, there is a well preserved Jin Dynasty well in the museum. At the same time, house remains were found in the southwest side of the well. According to the records of Xijin, it should be the Li palace built here by Jin Zhangzong.

In the middle of the courtyard of the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, there is a stone platform with an ancient well of the Jin Dynasty. It was discovered when the Han tombs were excavated in 1975. Below the well platform, to the East is the exhibition hall. Outside the exhibition hall, two copied carriages of the Han Dynasty are displayed side by side. The front of the exhibition hall is the exhibition room of unearthed cultural relics, which shows the excavation process of Dabaotai Han tomb, as well as the unearthed cultural relics. The road for the burial of chariots and horses is sealed by a glass roof, in which the original shapes of chariots and horses at the excavation site are displayed. The tomb is in the shape of "convex". Behind the passage is the tomb chamber, in which the corridor is wrapped layer by layer. The section of the tomb chamber clearly shows the characteristics of the Han Dynasty emperors' tombs.

The No.1 Tomb of Han Dynasty in Dabaotai is a wooden tomb with "Huangchang Tiao" in the shape of "convex". Dabaotai was the tomb of the princes, but it adopted the emperor system. Its structure consists of tomb passage, corridor, outer cloister, Huangchang Tiao, inner cloister, front chamber and back chamber. The center of the tomb is Zi palace, Bian room and Huang Chang Tiao. Its "huangchangticuo" is a 42 meter long and 3-meter-high wooden enclosure made of 15880 wooden pillars with a length of 0.9 meters and a cross-section of 10 cm square. The wooden end faces the coffin. The wall is facing the South with a gate, 3.8 meters wide and 3 meters high. The gate is equipped with a headband. The entrance is the front room, also known as the toilet. It is the place where the emperor lived. Here is a black lacquer and vermilion couch, which is the seat of the emperor. To the north of the toilet is the back room, which is surrounded by flat standing wood, and the coffin is placed on the coffin bed in the middle of the chamber. The coffin of the owner of the tomb is five in weight. The outer coffin is Catalpa wood, and the inner coffin is Phoebe wood. There are 130 boards in common. The largest board is 4.5 meters long, 0.6 meters wide and 0.22 meters thick, weighing more than 1000 Jin. Only the coffin uses 32 cubic meters of wood.

Main exhibition hall

The exhibition contents of the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing are divided into three parts: the restoration display of No. 1 tomb, the display of vehicles and horses buried in the original state, and the display of funerary objects.

Restored display of tomb No.1

The exhibition mainly includes the Zigong, Bianfang and the underground palace of huangchangticuo.

 

Original display of chariots and horses

Three wooden chariots with single shaft and the remains of 11 horses (zhubanlun qinggai chariots) excavated in the tomb passage are listed.

 

Display of funerary objects

The exhibition includes more than 400 pieces of pottery, copper, iron, jade, agate, lacquerware and silk. In addition, water wells and house building sites of the Jin Dynasty, which were cleared from the tombs, are also on display.

 

Venue features

In the West Han Tomb Museum of Dabaotai, Beijing, the main building is in a gray white imitation of the Han Dynasty. In front of the courtyard is a bird with wings and dancing. This underground palace of Guangyang king in the Western Han Dynasty used the "emperor's system" of the Han Dynasty, that is, the system of burial utensils used by the emperor, which was historically known as "Zi palace, Bian palace and Huang Min Ti CuO".

 

Collection

overview

The collection of the Museum of the Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, mainly includes about 1000 cultural relics unearthed from the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty No.1 and No.2 in Dabaotai and the sites of the Jin Dynasty. Due to the early excavation of the tomb, the unearthed objects are not very rich. The important unearthed objects include large-scale gilt copper shop head with animal surface, carved jade dancer with black jade, carved jade Bi with dragon and phoenix pattern, and large-scale black lacquer pottery. More than 900 pieces of cultural relics were unearthed from tombs 1 and 2 of Dabaotai, and more than 1000 pieces of cultural relics were unearthed from Guangyang King's underground palace, including pottery, bronze, iron, lacquerware, agate, gold foil, silk, etc. More than 400 kinds of cultural relics have been unearthed from the tomb of "Huang Min Ti CuO". Jade burial, gold-plated jade head pillow, jade pendant, pottery pot, etc.

 

Major cultural relics

Cultural Activity

Activity construction

In the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, the original site of Liu Jian's Tomb of Guangyang king of the Western Han Dynasty and the unearthed cultural relics are displayed. At the same time, a pot throwing ceremony for the audience to participate in, as well as a small archaeological wonder activity and an archaeological Science popularization interactive project are also launched.

 

In 2002, a 100 square meter excavation area was opened up in the south of the current simulated exploration area, with rain proof and sunshade erected, and different types of sites added. Nominated by the Joint Committee of Beijing Municipal Education Commission, the "little archeological wonder" project has been promoted to the whole of China as a successful case of quality education in Beijing.

archaeological excavation

From 1974 to 1975, the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were excavated. Although No.1 and No.2 tombs of Dabaotai were stolen in the early years, many cultural relics have been excavated. Many of them have high level of craftsmanship, reflecting the creativity of craftsmen more than 2000 years ago. They are important materials for studying the political, economic and material cultural development of the middle and late Western Han Dynasty.

 

Cultural Studies

book

documentary

The documentaries related to Dabaotai Western Han Tomb Museum in Beijing include: archaeological discovery of Dabaotai Han tomb, this is Beijing: cultural relics exhibition, Dabaotai Western Han Tomb Museum: built on the site of Han Dynasty mausoleum.

Movies

Honorary recognition

In 1993, the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, was named "Beijing Patriotic Education Base" by Beijing Municipal Party committee, government and science and Technology Commission.

 

In 1993, the Museum of Western Han Tombs in Dabaotai, Beijing, was established by the Beijing Municipal Party committee

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