Baiji dolphin reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River

Baiji National Nature Reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River

synonym

Baiji Nature Reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River generally refers to Baiji Nature Reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River

Baiji National Nature Reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River is located at the junction of Honghu City, Chibi City, Jiayu County in Hubei Province and Linxiang City in Hunan Province. Its geographical location is 113 ° 07 ˊ 19 ″ - 114 ° 05 ˊ 12 ″ E and 29 ° 38 ˊ 39 ″ - 30 ° 05 ˊ 12 ″ n, covering an area of 41607 hectares. The area is 135.5 km long and 1000-2500 m wide. In 1987, the people's Government of Hubei Province approved the establishment of the reserve, and on October 27, 1992, it was promoted to the National Nature Reserve. The main protected object of the reserve is Baiji, a wild aquatic animal under first-class protection in China.

Historical evolution

In October 1985, the people's Government of Hubei Province approved the establishment of the reserve. In October 1987, the government of Hubei Province approved the establishment of the provincial Baiji nature reserve.

It was officially approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council on October 27, 1992.

In July 1993, the reserve was accepted as one of the first members of the "China biosphere reserve" network.

geographical environment

position

The baiji Nature Reserve in Xinluo section of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province is located at the junction of Honghu City, Chibi City, Jiayu county and Linxiang City in Hunan Province. The geographical location is 113 ° 07 ˊ 19 ″ - 114 ° 05 ˊ 12 ″ E and 29 ° 38 ˊ 39 ″ - 30 ° 05 ˊ 12 ″ n.

topographic features

Xinluojiang section is also the core area of Jingjiang section. The river surface is zigzag, which is known as "nine twists and turns ileum". The riverbed of xinluojiang section is curved or curved and forked, and the riverbed is mostly muddy and Sandy. Xinluojiang section is located in the lower reaches of the confluence of the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake. Along the bank, there are more than ten large and small heaps of Liuji, such as revetment Ji, sanmaoji, guhuaji, chibiji, dasha1ji, 2ji and 3ji. The river section in the area has wide water surface, circuitous river course, developed shoals and river bars, rich food, and some prominent Jitou along the coast, which control the flow direction and flow pattern, forming more deep troughs and large migration areas.

climate

The climate of the Nature Reserve belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, with an annual average temperature of 16.2 ℃ ~ 18 ℃, ≥ 10 ℃ and a total annual accumulated temperature of 5310 ℃; the annual sunshine duration is 1980 ~ 2032 h, and the annual total radiation is 108.6 ~ 109.6 rad / cm; the frost free period is 267 D; the average annual rainfall is about 1324 mm.

river system

The reserve is located in the south of Jianghan Plain. The river section is 1500-2500 meters wide. The coastal water system is developed. The upstream of the reserve is close to the mouth of Dongting Lake. Neijing River, Xiaoqing River and Hongmiao River are connected along the river.

vegetation

There are mainly two types of vegetation in River Wetland: Woody temperate vegetation and herbaceous temperate vegetation. There are four formations of woody wetland vegetation and 16 formations of herbaceous wetland vegetation.

Woody wetland vegetation is distributed on both sides of the river embankment, river warm beach and river center bar. For example, Salix matsudana forest, Taxodium ascendens forest and Italian poplar forest are widely distributed on the bank, Metasequoia glyptostroboides forest is distributed near the Bank of the floodplain, and some Italian poplar forest is cultivated on the Central Bank of the river. Herbaceous aquatic vegetation is mainly emergent plants, which are very dominant in the nature reserve. These plants are generally distributed in the floodplain body, the river center and the natural levee. They represent the reed community of the community, such as the cone community, motherwort community, bermudagrass community, qiantai community, Liwan community, etc.

Regional scope

Xinluo section refers to the section from Xintankou to Luoshan in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The North Bank of the section belongs to Honghu City, while the south bank belongs to Linxiang city of Hunan Province, Chibi City of Hubei Province and Jiayu county. The river section of the nature reserve is 132.7 km long and covers a total area of 41607 hectares. The core area is 21010 hectares, accounting for 50.49% of the total area of the reserve; the buffer area is about 8550 hectares, accounting for 20.55% of the total area of the reserve; the experimental area is about 12050 hectares, accounting for 28.96% of the total area of the reserve. The North Bank of the river section belongs to Honghu City, Hubei Province, and the south bank belongs to Linxiang City, Hunan Province, Chibi City (formerly Puqi City) and Jiayu County, Hubei Province.

Protection target

Protected objects

The Nature Reserve belongs to the wild animal type nature reserve of wildlife, and the main protected object is Baiji, a wild aquatic animal under the first-class national protection.

Biological resources

animal

There are 103 species of fishes in xinluojiang section of the Yangtze River, belonging to 23 families and 10 orders. Among them, Cyprinidae is dominant, followed by Gobiidae and loach. There are more than 40 major economic fish species in the Yangtze River Basin. There are about 20 major economic fish species in the xinluojiang section, such as black carp, grass carp, silver carp, carp, crucian carp, Changchun bream, Megalobrama amblycephala, long jaw Coilia, short jaw Coilia, round mouth fish, long snout fish, thick lip fish, catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Siniperca chuatsi, snakehead fish, catfish, xenocyprinus and catfish 50%。

There are 52 species of zooplankton in xinluoduan nature reserve, including 14 species of protozoa, 10 species of rotifer, 21 species of Cladocera and 7 species of Copepoda. The number of zooplankton is rare. In August, when the number of Cladocera and Copepoda is more, the average number of water samples per liter is less than 8. In December, when the number is less, the average number of water samples per liter is only 3 to 4.

Botany

In xinluoduan nature reserve, wetland plants are mainly distributed in the banks of rivers, floodplain and river center, including cultivated and exotic species, with 4 phyla, 63 families and 217 species of higher plants. Excluding cultivated and exotic species, there are 194 species of higher plants, belonging to 140 genera and 52 families, including 4 families, 4 genera and 4 species of bryophytes and 2 families, 2 genera and 3 species of pteridophytes. There are 187 species of angiosperms belonging to 134 genera and 46 families. There are 190 species of vascular plants belonging to 136 genera and 48 families, among which 10 species belong to 7 genera and 5 families are alien plants that enter the reserve due to seasonal drift of aquatic plants in Dongting Lake every year.

< I the above data as of 2014 < / I

Management measures

Through various publicity activities, the protection awareness of fishermen has been continuously improved, and the work of the Department has been highly supported. A large number of fishermen with relatively high level of education have become voluntary monitors of the reserve. When fishermen catch Chinese sturgeon and rouge fish by mistake, they also inform the reserve immediately. Fishermen have become an important part of the protection work and play an indelible role.

ecological value

Baiji is one of the first-class protected animals in China, and it is also a rare aquatic mammal in China. It is only produced in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is called "giant panda in water", and is the most endangered cetacean in the world. Its brain is very developed, and its sonar system is extremely sensitive, which has important scientific research value for bionics, physiology, zoology, military science and so on. The reserve is located in the Yangtze River section from Xintankou to Luoshan, with a total length of 135.5 km. It has a good habitat and is one of the most concentrated areas of Baiji. The establishment of the nature reserve plays an important role in the protection and restoration of Baiji population.

Address: Xinluo section of the Yangtze River, Honghu City, Hubei Province

Longitude: 113.32062721252

Latitude: 29.648078443963

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jiang Xin Luo Duan Bai Qi Tun Bao Hu Qu