Xijing ancient road

Xijing ancient road, also known as Xijing Road, has a long history and is called "expressway" from ancient capital to Lingnan area. "Xijing ancient road" opens its way in the mountains and bridges in the water. Along the way, there are many villages, such as ancient bridges, ancient pavilions, ancient village houses and folk houses.

Xijing ancient road in Ruyuan

synonym

Xijing Ancient Road (regional scenic spot) generally refers to Ruyuan Xijing ancient road

Xijing ancient road in Ruyuan was called "Xijing road" in ancient times,

Located in Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, it is the ancient road to the capital.

The ancient road of Xijing in Ruyuan goes out of the South Gate of the county, passes through laling on Dafu bridge, turns north after xiaomeiguan, crosses the mountains in the northwest of the county, and goes to Yizhang in Hunan, and goes north to Chang'an in Xijing. Xijing ancient road was first built in the second year of Jianwu (26th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The total mileage of Ruyuan County (now under its jurisdiction) is about 70 kilometers, and the well preserved stone pavement is about 12.5 kilometers,

It is the earliest and well preserved ancient post road in Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, and also an important part of the ancient post road in southern Guangdong. Earlier, it transmitted the Central Plains culture for Lingnan, promoting the local ethnic integration and social and economic development.

On October 20, 2012, Xijing ancient road in Ruyuan was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province;

In October 2019, Ruyuan Xijing ancient road was listed in the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical evolution

The Xijing ancient road in Ruyuan started in the 26th year of Jianwu (the second year of Weisa's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty) by digging the mountain passage for more than 500 Li. It was built through the process of repairing, reinforcing and expanding.

In the 26th year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the western capital was built by Wei SA, the governor of Guiyang.

Ruyuan County annals: it was rebuilt in Tang Dynasty.

In 1533, Liu Jun and others built the pavement with stone.

In 1605, the ancient road from Ruyuan County to Yizhang, Hunan Province, was built by Wu Bangjun, the county magistrate.

In 1662, Qiu Bingfang, the county magistrate, built tiyunling.

In 1781, the local people rebuilt the road section of tiyunling. The road was paved with stones, with a width of three or four meters.

From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, its role was replaced by other more convenient and safe roads, and then gradually abandoned and declined.

Site features

overview

Ruyuan Xijing ancient road autonomous region (Yingde County West), Zhenyang (Yingde County East) by Hengshitang, Luokeng, fengtianling (Ruyuan County, Qujiang County before Song Dynasty), shijiaotang, Yunyan, Meihua, luojiadu, Laopingshi, wuyangsi to Hunan Yizhang, a total length of more than 500 Li (250 km). Because Yizhang can reach Xijing from the north, it is called Xijing road.

Xijing road is an important channel for Ruyuan in ancient times to "go up to three Chu and go down to one hundred Yue".

The well preserved stone pavement of Xijing ancient road in Ruyuan is about 3km in tiyunling section, 2.5km in Houziling section, 2km in wuqiling section and 5km in xishanling section. Ancient buildings include Dajue temple, Guanyin hall, Wenchang tower and Wenta.

Road sections and buildings

Tiyunling section

Tiyunling section of Xijing ancient road is located near shijiaotang village, Daqiao Town, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, and Tixia village, Dongping Town, winding deep in the mountains, with a length of about 2 km. According to the inscriptions, it was repaired and rebuilt in 1662, 1740 and 1782. More than two-thirds of the road sections were changed into green stone pavement, and there were two 200 meter long stone steps, which were made of stone steps. In addition to the stone slab road and stone step road, the relics along the road include the tiyunling Pavilion, the luzhushi bridge, the tea pavilion site and the Post Pavilion site.

Tiyunling Pavilion, located in the middle section of tiyunling Road, was built in 1756. It is a bridge pavilion with arch structure and covered with soil on the top of the pavilion. It is 5 meters wide, 7.5 meters deep, and 4 meters high inside. There are arch gates at both ends. The gate is 2 meters wide and 3 meters high. The pavilion is inlaid with bluestone slabs and placed with stones on four sides for passers-by to rest and sit.

Luzhu stone bridge was built in an unknown age. The existing bridge was rebuilt in 1782. It is 3 meters long. The original bridge deck was paved with four stone slabs of 3 meters long, 0.4 meters wide and 0.3 meters thick side by side on the stream, with only two stone slabs left.

Tiyunling tea pavilion site, in the middle of the tiyunling mountains, that is, the south side of the tiyunling Pavilion, houses have been destroyed, only walls. According to the remnant wall, the original tea pavilion can be divided into three rooms, each with a width of 4 meters, the total width of the three rooms is 12 meters, the depth is 6 meters, and the building area is about 70 square meters. There is also a post station site, which is about 400 square meters by the ancient road 1 km north of tiyunling Pavilion. The longest section of the residual stone wall foundation is about 20 meters long, and the highest part of the residual wall is about 0.5-0.6 meters above the ground.

 

Monkey ridge section

Houziling section of Xijing ancient road is located in xizibei, Daqiao Town, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, about 1.5 km long, hidden in the mountains, which is more dangerous than tiyunling section. Due to the long history, the damage of the green stone pavement varies, and some stone slabs are weathered, broken or displaced. There are not many cultural relics along the road, including Xinhan Pavilion, two stone tablets and two stone bridges.

The Han Pavilion at the top of Houzi mountain was built in 1753. It was built with rectangular stones. It has a double slope roof with a width of 4.1 meters and a depth of 7.2 meters. It has a double slope roof. It opens the door on the wall of the mountain. It has a five mountain horse head wall on the facade and gourd decorations on top.

 

Guanlan Academy

Guanlan academy is located in xinshufang village, Ruyuan Daqiao Town, about 4km away from Houziling road. In the north of xinshufang village, there is Tongji Bridge, commonly known as Daqiao, which is passed by Xijing ancient road. It has been rebuilt. According to the records of Xu's genealogy by Guangxu of Qing Dynasty (1871-1908), the Hakkas surnamed Xu of Daqiao came from Fujian and lived here. The Academy was founded in 1793 by Xu Jing, the 14th Gongsheng of the Xu family. It is located in the north and south of the Qing Dynasty. It is three rooms wide and four-way courtyard layout, with a width of 22.67 meters and a depth of 40.47 meters. Brick and wood structure, gray tile surface, hanging on the top of the mountain, in front of the gate Ping and two pairs of flagpole stone. As soon as the Academy entered, it was built into a horse head wall with the inscription "Gongxiu" engraved on the forehead. The ridge of the wall was set on the top of the hulusha, and the two sides of the gate were wing rooms. In the middle of the gate tower is a round Ziwei gate, with a diameter of 1.8 meters and arches on both sides. Entering the patio, there are wing rooms on both sides. The second entrance is Guanlan academy, the door is concave, and the lintel is hung with a wooden plaque of "Guanlan academy". Upstairs for the stage, unique shape. In front of the stage is the patio courtyard, which is inlaid with bluestone. The overhanging eaves of the wing rooms on both sides of the courtyard extend to form a pillarless veranda, which is supported by the purlin and has an open space. The first floor of the wing room was the student dormitory, and the second floor was the teacher dormitory. Three into Mingde hall, the original classroom. The back patio of Mingde hall is paved with stone slabs, the balconies of the wing rooms on both sides are pointed out, and the balustrade of the corridor is carved with patterns of flowers, plants, birds and birds. Four into senior hall, the original library reading room, on the right side of the room opened a door, can pass the academy after the residential. The new study village also retains a large number of Hakka traditional dwellings, which are combined with the Academy, and the ancient village pattern is well preserved.

 

Hongyun Yangzhi Pavilion

Hongyun Yangzhi Pavilion is located next to the office building of Hongyun village committee, Daqiao Town, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County. It was built in 1872. It is a passageway type Pavilion, built with rectangular stones and double roof tiles. It is about 5.45 meters wide in one room and 7.85 meters deep in three rooms. It opens the door on the mountain wall and builds five mountain horse head walls.

 

Cultural relics

Tiyunling Pavilion stele couplet and Jianting stele

The cultural relics along the tiyunling section of Xijing ancient road are as follows: on both sides of the north gate of tiyunling Pavilion, which is located in the middle of the tiyunling section, there are inscriptions on the running script and Yin inscriptions on both sides of the north gate of tiyunling Pavilion: "it's better to bear the burden, but it's better to stop walking; when you travel, you should not delay your future." there are still one stele for pavilion construction and one stele for road construction in the pavilion. In 1755, the inscription on the building of a pavilion was made in Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. It describes the function of the pavilion: "once upon a time, when people arrived in Guangdong from Chu, the losers, the drivers, and the migrants all looked at the mountains and enjoyed themselves, thinking of the sweet place." The two monuments are carved with blue stone, simple in shape, unknown in age, and basically well preserved. Wusi stele is built by the local good faith for the pedestrian who died unexpectedly. Every year on the eighth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar, the local people will go to the non sacrificial monument to burn incense and offer sacrifices to pray for the dead.

 

YUNTI Temple

The original YUNTI temple at the southernmost tip of tiyunling was rebuilt after collapse. There is still a piece of stele in 1740, which records the repair process of the ancient road: "in the world of Laozi, the road was removed in September, and the beam was completed in October, so people were happy and happy at that time. Fu YUNTI, who is connected with Jingchu on the top and Yang on the bottom, has been established for hundreds of years. The road class is not as old as before, and those who make stringers at the same time ask people to come out of the wood, each of which is caused by bead filling. Over time, the stone bricks have been washed off and broken. Cong and other hair thin donated gold repair

Chinese PinYin : Xi Jing Gu Dao