Longmianshan

Longmian mountain goes upstream along the longmian River, and the green longmian mountain is full of people's hearts. Cangfeng mountain valley, cliffs Qingliu, unlimited scenery, it is dizzying. The beauty of longmian mountain lies not only in its beautiful scenery, but also in the seclusion of historical celebrities and the creation of various mountain resorts. The beautiful natural scenery and rich historical and cultural accumulation complement each other, forming a unique scenic spot of longmian mountain. There are 16 natural and cultural scenic spots such as Longmen, Nianyu gorge, Wenhe Garden (the tomb of Zhang Ying and Zhang Tingyu), dalongjing waterfall and Cijin garden. In recent years, the image, status and influence of "father and son Prime Minister" in historical books of Qing Dynasty have been talked about by people

Longmianshan

Longmian mountain is located in Tongcheng City, Anhui Province. It is winding and elegant, close to the ancient city of Tongcheng. Its main vein runs through the territory of longmian township. The main peak of dahuijian is Qingtian, and the remaining vein goes eastward to Xizi Lake Bibo, which is like diving in a dragon's boat and directly leads to the Yangtze River.

Xu Hao of Ming Dynasty said in his poem: "the big and small two dragon Mountains extend into Tongcheng; the mountains rise again like a sleeping dragon.". The longmian river flows out from the two veins. There are many places of interest in the West Rock along the river, Li Gonglin's villa, the garden tombs of the two prime ministers, and the stone carved cliff springs of various literati. The cultural landscape and the natural landscape complement each other, just like a string of pearls inlaid in them. The Dragon sleeps the purple air and produces thousands of weather.

Main attractions

Longmian mountain scenic spot is located in longmian township of Tongcheng city. Along the longmian River upstream, the lush longmian mountain is in people's mind. Cangfeng mountain valley, cliffs Qingliu, unlimited scenery, it is dizzying. The beauty of longmian mountain lies not only in its beautiful scenery, but also in the seclusion of historical celebrities and the creation of various mountain resorts. The beautiful natural scenery and rich historical and cultural accumulation complement each other, forming a unique scenic spot of longmian mountain. There are 16 natural and cultural scenic spots in Longmen, nianyuxia, wenheyuan, dalongjing waterfall and cijinyuan.

geographical environment

Longmianshan scenic spot is located in longmian Township, 3 kilometers away from Tongcheng city. Longmian mountain is the remnant of Dabie Mountain, which meanders from northwest to Southeast. It does not have the wonderful pines, stones and sea of clouds in Huangshan, but it has won the praise of "being good at the beauty of famous mountains in the north of the Yangtze River" for its unique beauty. What's important is that the ruins everywhere, the tombs, and the vague or clear stone carvings are all links in the long chain of Tongcheng culture, showing the long and profound Tongcheng culture in the form of material. Li Gonglin's longmian villa, known as "the first painting in Song Dynasty", was built in Shuangxi village of longmian mountain area. For more than 900 years, the river separated us,

I can't see him splashing ink with his own eyes, but according to Xuanhe Huapu, there are 107 palace paintings written by Li Gonglin. He first created the white line drawing in China, which shows his wisdom, diligence, studious and innovative spirit. From Su Shi's postscript to the painting of longmian mountain villa and Su Zhe's twenty poems on longmian mountain as Li Boshi's Fu, we can find Li Gonglin's hospitality. People like smoke out, footprints are gently erased by the hand of time, everything has been precipitated into legend. Zhang Ying and his second son Zhang Tingyu, who are commonly known as the prime ministers of father and son, must have discovered the atmosphere and meaning of longmian mountain. Zhang's father and son joined the cabinet during the reign of Kangxi and Yongzheng, and became the excellent assistants in the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong. In the 40th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Zhang Ying resigned and returned to his hometown. He lived in seclusion in longmian mountain. He built a thatched cottage in Shuangxi and planted pines along the river. He wrote a couplet and hung it in the thatched cottage, saying: "it's hard to be satisfied with wealth and poverty. Contentment is satisfaction; there is no constant landscape, flowers and bamboo, and the master is the master when he gets rain." Kangxi heard that he gave his hall a couplet, which said: "the white bird forgets to see the clouds outside the sky; the green mountain is not old, and the flowers in front of the court fall and bloom.". Zhang Tingyu has been intelligent since childhood, and has the ambition of "supporting thousands of miles of rivers and mountains". Because of her diligence in politics, erudition and resourcefulness, Yongzheng described her as "Tiao Mei Liang Bi". Zhang's father and son loved to walk into longmian mountain when they were free. They studied the unobtrusive bamboos, flowers and cypresses, experienced the clear and moving streams, and felt the natural rocks in the wind, rain and sunshine. After their death, they were all buried in longmian mountain. In longmian mountain, we follow the footprints of our ancestors, step by step to the ancient times, to the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, as well as to identify the age of the cliff stone carvings, immersed in a quiet and distant atmosphere: the picturesque scenes such as the snow waterfall, Nianyu gorge, Baoshan Bay, a stone, a drop of water, as if all have spirituality, telling people the time that has gone away, telling the past like smoke And immortals.

Historical evolution

In 1755, Zhang Tingyu, who had been in the political circles of Kang, Yong and Qian in Qing Dynasty for 50 years, died in Tongcheng, his hometown. He was ordered to be buried in longmian mountain according to the rank of scholar. The cemetery was named after his posthumous title "Wenhe". Wenhe garden is hidden in the mountains. It comes out of Tongcheng district. It goes up the longmian River to Xiangguo bridge in the hinterland of longmian mountain. It takes more than 100 steps to climb the ancient Linyin road. Suddenly, it is open. A towering green mountain and a cemetery close to the mountain come into view. In the park, the bamboo trees are low, the pines and cypresses are green, the mountain birds are singing, and the pines and waves are blowing. It's really a wonderful place with a clear wind. It's not the same in the world. In the meantime, the spirit is fresh and refreshing, which makes people think of the past and have a quiet mind. On a sunny afternoon the day after the beginning of winter, accompanied by brother zeyue, we rode to longmian mountain in Tongcheng City, Anhui Province to pay a visit to Wenhe garden, which was rebuilt two years ago. The motorcycle circled up the asphalt road and passed through the main temple reservoir. The road gradually became steep. When the speed was over 50 yards, the motorcycle could not help but collapse, just like floating on the water or on the clouds. Fortunately, there are always red and purple maple leaves in the lush pine forest, which makes the monotonous driving process interesting. Just after autumn, those slender maple trees, which are either in pieces or against a thousand pines, don't know if they remember the passers-by who once walked here. Did their footprints sleep with the red maple leaves all night long, or aroused the moment of elegance of those scholars who came back here?

It's not because of the political fame of prime minister Zhang Tingyu, who once resounded among the people, but because of the admiration of the sages who have made extraordinary contributions to the local civilization. Since the Song Dynasty, longmianshan has been known as the land of the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers. Because Li Gonglin, a native of Tongcheng, Shuzhou, opened longmian villa, he attracted many famous scholars of the same time, such as Huang Tingjian, Su Dongpo and Su Che, and left a certain number of excellent poems. In the Qing Dynasty, most of the writers of Tongcheng school had an indissoluble bond with longmian mountain, and most of them stayed here until they were buried in the mountain forest.

Zhang Tingyu cemetery is located in the rolling mountains. Standing in front of the tomb with nine steps paved with white marble, you can see the mountains from afar, which is really extraordinary. I think this is a geomantic treasure land. There is warm sun in winter and south wind in summer. On both sides of the stone level are Wen Chen, Wu Jiang, Ma, Wen Bao, Shi Yang and lion. However, the inscriptions on the stone pillars in front of them are mottled and old, which are indistinct. Even so, we can get a glimpse of the scenery of that year. However, my interest is not so. I am more convinced by Zhang Tingyu as a scholar than "prime minister Xiao Zhang" as a military aircraft minister. In other words, all the wise scholars who were born and worked in Tongcheng, I have more or less a heart of reverence. Whether it is the famous "Tongcheng School", or such as Fang Yizhi, Zhu Guangqian, Yan Fengying, Wu Yue, Wu Zhiying, Fang Dongshu and other elites who have made great achievements and brought benefits to Tongcheng people.

268 years of Qing Dynasty history has passed. With a flick of the finger. However, what is left to posterity is more endless lamentation. Therefore, in this extremely heavy historical background, with respect, I can not express my admiration for the contemporaries of the Qing government at that time, even in the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong. It has been suggested in the academic circles that a reasonable historical judgment should be made on the prosperous period of Kangxi and Qianlong. In the early Qing Dynasty, although it made indelible contributions to the establishment of China's territory, compared with the Qing government's "Literary Inquisition", the contribution was too small. "Literary Inquisition" alone was enough to define the unforgivable crimes committed by the government in the early Qing Dynasty. People in China must know something about the horror of the "literary prison", and Dai Mingshi and Fang Bao, the forefathers of the "Tongcheng School", failed to escape the disaster. As a matter of fact, the emergence of the "literary prison" has locked in the single political mode of the Chinese Empire, which is closed to the outside world, arrogant and unwilling to make progress. It mercilessly sealed the mouth of all intellectuals and stifled their unparalleled creativity. Before the Qing Dynasty, the West generally acknowledged that there were more than 1000 great inventions in ancient China. However, in the Qing Dynasty, there was no universally recognized invention. Could it be that the intellectuals suddenly lost their wisdom and innovation ability overnight?

Therefore, I would rather believe that Zhang Ying and Zhang Tingyu were literati first, and then the roaring tongue of the licentious Qing Empire. I always think that when they return to their hometown in the twilight years and live in longmian mountain, is it because they are disappointed in the politics of the Qing Dynasty. We should also know such a fact, that is, before the yuan and Qing Dynasties, China was a huge and incomparable China, a Chinese empire that no one in the world could equal, and its total economic volume exceeded that of the whole Europe in the same period. It goes without saying that the territory is vast and the economy is prosperous. It was at this time that the Chinese empire began to move forward

Chinese PinYin : Long Mian Shan