Xiaoenda site

Xiaoenda site is one of the most important Neolithic sites in Tibet discovered in recent years. It is named after xiaoenda village in Changdu town. The site is 3200 meters above sea level and covers an area of more than 10000 square meters. After investigation in 1986 and some archaeological excavation, we found large-scale stone tools, microlithic tools, ground stone tools, bone ware, pottery pieces and charcoal residue. It is speculated that the age is similar to the karuo site, and the cultural characteristics are basically the same as the karuo site, which is more than 4000 years ago.

Xiaoenda site

Xiaoenda site is located on the East Bank of angqu River, 5 kilometers north of Changdu City, Tibet Autonomous Region, 800 meters east of xiaoenda township. The site is located on the first and second terrace of xiaoenda primary school, with an altitude of 3263 meters. The area is about 10 square meters

It is a late Neolithic site. The remains are divided into early and late periods, including house sites, ash pits, kiln caves and an ancient tomb. A large number of stone tools, pottery pieces and animal bones were unearthed.

The discovery of the site provides valuable materials for exploring the origin of the Tibetan people, the cultural connection between the early Tibet and the Yellow River Valley, and the establishment and perfection of the type and sequence of karuo culture. The archaeological culture represented by xiaoenda's sarcophagus was discovered for the first time in Tibet. Although the discovery is few, it can not represent the whole picture of its culture, but only this discovery also provides important clues for the study of the relationship between the ancient culture represented by xiaoenda sarcophagus and the northwest Qijia culture, and also provides clues for the discovery of the origin of sarcophagus culture in Tibet, Western Sichuan, Northwest Yunnan and Qinghai.

In 1996, it was announced by the people's Government of the autonomous region as the third batch of cultural relics protection units at the autonomous region level. In May 2013, it was approved as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Xiaoenda site is the second Neolithic site in eastern Tibet after karuo site. In 1986, the census team of the Tibet Autonomous Region's Cultural Administration Commission made the first survey of the cultural heritage

The site was investigated and excavated. The trial excavation area is 60 square meters. The remains can be divided into two periods: early and late. According to the characteristics of the soil, carbon 14 determination and tree ring correction, the age of the remains is about 3000-4000 years ago. Three house sites, one ash pit and five kiln caves were found, and a large number of stone tools, ground stone tools, microliths and pottery pieces were unearthed. The early houses were represented by grass mixed mud wall buildings, and a nearly 4000 year old ancient tomb was cleared in the 210m trench.

The xiaoenda site is in the Neolithic Age in terms of the coexistence of striking stone tools, microlithic tools and ground stone tools, and mainly striking stone tools.

The cultural connotation reflected in the site of xiaoenda belongs to the category of karuo culture, but it is more advanced than karuo culture. Judging from the stone tools, animal bones and other objects in the site, xiaoenda site has entered a stage of settlement life dominated by agriculture. From the perspective of cultural outlook, the xiaoenda site is also related to the primitive culture of Linzhi, Motuo and Qugong village in the northern suburb of Lhasa, and the primitive culture of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.

Address: North of Changdu County, Tibet Autonomous Region

Longitude: 97.128855154079

Latitude: 31.15793565598

Chinese PinYin : Xiao En Da Yi Zhi