Liao tower

Liao tower

All the emperors of Liao Dynasty believed in Buddhism and built a large number of temples and pagodas not only in Wujing, but also in Zhouzhou cities. The capital of Liao Dynasty was set to be Shangjing (now in Lindong County, Balinzuo banner, Inner Mongolia), and then Liaoyang Prefecture in Tokyo (now Liaoyang); Youzhou Prefecture in Nanjing (renamed Xijin Prefecture in the first year of Kaitai, now southwest of Beijing); Datong Prefecture in Xijing (now Datong); Dading Prefecture in Zhongjing (now Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia).

Most of the Buddhist temples in the upper capital were destroyed, and only the south tower and the North Tower survived. The Tokyo area includes the pagodas left in today's Liaoyang and Tieling areas. Zhongjing district includes Yizhou, Chengzhou and Xiangzhou. There are still big Pagoda Temple, small Pagoda Temple, Xiangzhou Jingyan Temple Pagoda, tayingzi pagoda, shijiazi pagoda and red hat pagoda. Jinzhou district includes areas around Jinxi, Xingcheng, Suizhong and Haicheng. There are daguangji Temple Pagoda in Jinzhou, tazigou Pagoda in Suizhong, Xingcheng pagoda, anchangxian Pagoda in Jinxi, Haicheng golden pagoda and Silver Pagoda. Xijing district includes today's Datong, Yingzhou, Lingqiu and other areas, including Datong upper Huayan Temple, lower Huayan Temple, Yingzhou Sakya temple, Lingqiu Jueshan temple and so on. Jizhou district includes today's Changli and Fengrun, and its Guanyin temple and Tianguan temple have towers. Nanjing district and today's Beijing area, such as Tianning Temple, Yunju temple. Yunju temple has two original North and South towers, and the south tower has been destroyed. The North Tower is octagonal in plane and about 20 meters high. Combining the pavilion style with the Lama tower is a successful creation. Zhuozhou district includes jinxincheng, Laiyuan and Yixian. There are still Taining Temple Pagoda and pushou Temple Pagoda.

Liao Dynasty brick pagodas are mostly of dense eaves type. The first floor of the pagoda is very high (4-6 meters), which accounts for about 1 / 5 of the whole pagoda, mimicking the wood structure realistically. In addition, there are a few pavilions in Liao tower, such as some towers in Zhuozhou, Hebei Province, Wanbu Huayan Sutra tower in Xijing District, and Qingzhou white tower in Shangjing District, all of which are the result of imitating Tang tower.

brief introduction

The Liao Pagoda in Nong'an, Jilin Province, was built in the third year of Taiping (1023 A.D.) in the reign of emperor yelulungxu of the Liao Dynasty. It has a history of nearly one thousand years.

The ancient pagoda is an octagonal thirteen story solid dense eaves structure, which is divided into three parts: tower base, body and brake, with a height of 44 meters. The tower body is made of different shapes of green brick, flat tile, tube tile, cat's head tile and hydrological tile.

significance

Liao pagoda, located in Nong'an County, is one of the rare cultural relics of Liao and Jin Dynasties to the north of the Great Wall. It is also the northernmost ancient pagoda in China.

In the process of renovation, precious cultural relics such as statues of Sakyamuni and Guanyin and porcelain censers were unearthed. Liao tower became the symbol of Huanglong mansion and Nong'an. It is listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Jilin Province.

Why

The ancient 'Nongan' has always been related to dragons. "Director ye said that there are two ancient pagodas in Nong'an County: one is called Longwan pagoda outside the west gate of the county, and the other is Wanjin pagoda 30 kilometers northeast of the county.

It's said that the emperor Tianjian of Liao Kingdom watched the sky at night and saw a meteor falling from the sky and falling on the boundary of Huanglong mansion.

Qintianjian told the Emperor: the evil dragon will fight for the world with the great Liao Dynasty, so the pagoda should be built immediately to suppress it.

The emperor then sent the imperial heavenly warden to lead the officers and men, who started from linhuang mansion, the capital of the state, and went to Huanglong mansion for seven days and seven nights to stay in Longxiang hall.

It was night when the emperor saw that there was purple air outside the east gate of Huanglong mansion, heading straight to the northeast.

The next day, qintianjian officials ordered Huanglong Fu Yin to accompany him to the east gate.

Outside the east gate of huanglongfu city is a big lower ridge. There is a big river under the ridge, so we take a boat to the north. The West Bank of the river is a continuous rolling gangling, like a long dragon, winding more than 30 kilometers, extending to the north of Xiangzhou city.

Qintianjian officials identified it as a local dragon with imperial spirit, and the dragon head was just outside the north gate of Xiangzhou city.

The Dragon first pressed his head, and then ordered to build a brick tower outside the north gate of Xiangzhou city.

When the tower was more than seven feet high, the emperor's heavenly warden watched the sky at night and said that the Earth Dragon had turned its head and gone to Huanglong mansion. He immediately stopped building the brick tower in Xiangzhou city and led the officers, soldiers and civilians to Huanglong mansion. Outside the west gate of Huanglong mansion, he built a brick tower with an octagonal and thirteen storey structure. There was a copper top on it, and bronze bells and iron horses were hung at the corners of each tower.

Later, people called this tower Longwan tower, and the unfinished tower in Xiangzhou called banduan tower. "Because the earth dragon was suppressed at the foot of the tower, the emperor, as the real son of the dragon, was at ease. Therefore, Huanglong mansion is also known as' Long'an mansion '.

Liaota in Northeast China

Chongxing temple Twin Towers

Located in the northeast corner of Guangning City, Beizhen City, the twin towers of Chongxing temple were first built in the late Liao Dynasty, that is, the period from Liao daozong to Tianzuo emperor. They were repaired in Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and were announced as the national key cultural relics protection units in 1988.

The twin pagodas of Chongxing temple are octagonal 13 storey solid brick pagodas with dense eaves. They are 43 meters apart from each other. The East Tower is 44.46 meters high and the West Tower is 42.63 meters high.

The shape of the two towers are basically the same. They are all composed of platform base, base, tower body, tower eaves and tower top. Their buildings are magnificent and beautiful, and their brick carvings are very fine, which have high artistic value and historical value.

Guangji Temple Pagoda

Guangji Temple Pagoda is located in the ancient building complex of Guangji temple, No.1, beisanli, Guta District, Jinzhou City. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in China. The pagoda is named after the temple, and it is also called the "big pagoda" because it is compared with the small pagoda of the Ming Dynasty in Xiguan, that is, the brick pagoda of the ancient pagoda temple. The tower of Guangji temple stands high in the ancient city. Whenever the crows return to nest at dusk, it is also known as "the crows in the ancient tower" and becomes one of the eight scenic spots in Jinzhou. On June 25, 2001, together with Guangji temple, the ancient buildings of Guangji temple were announced as the national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. According to records, Guangji pagoda was built in the third year of Qingning (1057). Guangji Temple Pagoda is an octagonal 13 storey solid dense eaves type, with a residual height of 53.11 meters and a through height of 71.25 meters after maintenance. It is composed of base, tower body, tower eaves and tower top.

Eight pagodas

Bata mountain is located in batazi village, Qianyang Township, south of Yi County, Liaoning Province. It is adjacent to gullies in the south, seasonal river in the north, mountains in the west, 1.5km away from Jincheng railway in the East and 11km away from the county seat in the northeast. The eight pagodas are built on eight raised peaks on the dragon shaped mountain, which is similar to the soaring dragon shaped mountain. They are built by Emperor Shengzong of Liao Dynasty to commemorate the eight stages of Buddha's life. They are the only pagodas in China to commemorate the eight stages of Buddha's life. On December 20, 1988, batazita was declared as a provincial cultural relic protection unit by Liaoning Provincial People's government. The eight towers are all built with green bricks, and the height of the towers is between 2M and 4m.

Guangsheng Temple Pagoda

Guangsheng temple tower is located in the South Street of Yizhou Town, Yixian County. The pagoda was built in Liao Dynasty, formerly known as Jiafu Temple Pagoda, and was renamed Guangsheng Temple Pagoda in 1980. In December 1988, the provincial government announced the provincial key cultural relics protection units. Guangsheng Temple Pagoda is a witness of history and a miniature of the development of Buddhism in western Liaoning. It has irreplaceable value not only for the study of the development and dissemination of Buddhism in Yixian, but also for the study of the development and dissemination of Buddhism in western Liaoning. Guangsheng Temple Pagoda is of high artistic value among the existing brick pagodas of Liao Dynasty. The relief sculptures of the pagoda body, such as sitting Buddha, flying in the sky, and escorting, are well preserved after thousands of years of wind and rain, and the carving is exquisite, well proportioned, and lifelike. They are rare and excellent works in Liao Dynasty architecture. Guangsheng Temple Pagoda is a 13 story octagonal solid brick Pagoda with dense eaves. It is composed of tower, base, body, eaves and top, with a total height of 42.5 meters. It stands in the south of the huge tower.

Panchita

Bangui tower is located at the foot of Pangu mountain in the west corner of Bangui tower town, Linghai City, 1.5 li away from Xiaoling River in the south. It is one of the only existing flower towers of Liao Dynasty in China. In March 2003, it was listed as a provincial cultural relic protection unit. Banji pagoda was built in 1058 A.D. in the fourth year of daozong reign of Liao Dynasty. It is a solid flower Pagoda with seven octagons built with green bricks, with a height of 11.25 meters. It is composed of three parts: base, body and Tasha.

Liao tower in Nongan, Changchun

Eight immovable cultural relics in Changchun are selected as one of the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units, covering the most typical representative cultural heritages in different periods of Changchun City from the Bronze Age to the Liao and Jin Dynasties, the late Qing Dynasty, Manchukuo and the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. Among them, the ancient and magnificent Nong'an Liao pagoda is the symbol of Huanglong mansion and Nong'an. It is one of the rare Liao Jin cultural relics in northern China, and also the northernmost ancient pagoda in China.

Located at the intersection of Huanglong road and Baota street in Nong'an County, Nong'an Liao tower, also known as Huanglong tower and Longwan tower, is the only ancient building left by Huanglong mansion in Liao Dynasty.

Nong'an Liao pagoda is octagonal and thirteen story solid eaves type. It is composed of seat, body and brake, with a height of 44 meters. The tower base is octagonal, each side is 7 meters long and 1 meter high. The East-West diameter of the base of the tower is 8 meters, and the North-South diameter is 8.30 meters. It is made of different shapes of green brick, flat tile, tube tile, cat's head tile and water pattern tile.

At the junction of the Tasha and the body of the pagoda, there are 8 slopes with various animals on the berm. The lion is in the front, the dragon and horse are in the middle, and the berm animals follow. There are four straight cylindrical tiles on both sides of the ridge. One end of the cylindrical tile is built with a round tile. Around the tiles are carved with double rings, and the middle is carved with the word "Xi". The end of the beast is inlaid with an iron ring and hung with Phoenix duo. There are 104 Phoenix duo hanging on 13 floors. Fengduo is inlaid with three wing shaped tongue, and the tongue is welded with a cross shaped hammer. Every time the wind blows, the wind blows, the metal and iron sing together, and the sound is pleasant. According to "Nong'an local culture" published in 1905

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ta