Fuxin building

Fuxin building

Fuxinlou is located in Xiazhai village, Hulei town. Built in 769 ad, it has a history of more than 1200 years. It is the oldest Hakka Tulou in Yongding. It covers an area of 1275.76 square meters and is four stories high. Fuxin building has no stone foundation, which follows the construction technology and architectural form of the ancestors of the Central Plains, and fully illustrates the origin relationship between Yongding Tulou and traditional dwellings in the Yellow River Basin. There is a four meter wide moat around the building. There is a suspension bridge in front of the building. Its bottom wall is made of raw soil mixed with lime and brown sugar.

Fuxinlou, also known as dahuoxia, huoshaolou and zhailou, is located in the center of Hulei village, Yongding County, Fujian Province. It is one of the oldest square earth buildings ever seen.

history

allusion

The building was first built by the four surnames of Lin, Yi and Zhou, and later belonged to the local Shen family, which is now owned by the Kong family. Kong Zhongxian, the founder of Kong family, moved from Shanghang county to Hulei township. He had three sons, Yanren, Yanyi and Yanji. Kong Yan was good at raising ducks and borrowed the building at first. A few years later, the family of Kong Yan, who had always been industrious and frugal, became more and more affluent. At the same time, the Shen family needed to build a new house because it was hard to accommodate the prosperous people in the building. As a result, when Kong and Shen discussed the transfer, they got along with each other and settled here. As the building is the ancestral property of Shen, Kong specially built a ancestral hall near the building for Shen, which still exists today.

Building age

As for the age of the building, it is more than 1200 years and 600 years. The reason for the former is: according to the records of Kong's genealogy, this building was built in the fourth year of zongdali in the Tang Dynasty (769 AD), more than 1200 years ago. From Kong Yan level, it has been passed on to about 26 generations. The latter is based on: according to Lin's and Zhou's genealogy, Lin entered Yongding in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Zhou entered Yongding in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, around 1368. Let's take 1368 as the time of building. It's no more than 600 years. which is right and which is wrong? The first argument seems to be even more untrustworthy. Kong's family has passed on 26 generations. Each generation is calculated on the basis of 25 years. Excluding the first and last two generations, there are 24 generations. Then Kong's residence time in the building is 600 years. That is to say, when Kong Yan bought the building, Fuxin building was 600 years old. It's a bit unreasonable. The author believes that the age of the building is over 600 years old, which is more convincing.

Building description

The building, facing east and West, is three stories high, covering an area of 1275.76 square meters. Now the front building (West Side) has collapsed, leaving only a remnant wall less than two stories high. Part of the north side has collapsed. The weathered remnant wall has no choice but to look at the setting sun in the West. The luxuriant weeds growing along the wall silently tell the visitors their heartfelt feelings.

The building has 6 horizontal rooms with a total length of 34 meters, 6 depth (including ladder) rooms with a width of 31.5 meters, and 1.5 meters of eaves. There is only one gate with a height of 3.5 meters and a width of 2.5 meters in the whole building; there are no windows on the ground floor, and the windows on the second and third floors are 0.8 meters high and 0.15 meters wide on the outside and 0.4 meters wide on the inside. There are five ladders. Except one in the back hall is against the wall, the other four are distributed in the four corners of the building. They cover half the width of the main room and are symmetrical to each other. 2、 The four sided corridors on the three floors are built by different surnames, which are not connected with each other.

The layout of the building is two halls: the lower hall and the middle hall. From the first floor to the third floor, and the four sides are the same. There are more than 60 rooms in the whole building, and the area between the corners on both sides of the gate is larger, reaching 18 square meters. Inside the building is a patio with a well. The patio is small, which is very different from the square earth building which usually has tens of meters wide patio.

In addition, the building has two major features: first, the wall made of raw soil mixed with lime and brown sugar is more tough than modern cement. A few years ago, the residents on the east side of the building had to open a small door at the back for convenient access. They used steel chisels to dig small pieces of land. It took more than 20 days unconsciously. Another feature is that there is a moat around the building 10 meters away from the wall, more than 3 meters deep and 5 meters wide, which is connected with the canal in the village. It can be used to defend the enemy like a moat, but also to raise fish. It has the best of both worlds, so it used to be called "moat pond". Forty or fifty years ago, the trench was still there. Later, the mud accumulated more and more. As a result, the water became shallower and shallower, and the original function of the factory was lost. Later, the building owner simply filled it with mud and stone, but the traces could still be discerned. According to the old people in the village, there was a suspension bridge in front of the building!

The back building of Fuxin building was rebuilt about 200 years ago. The central hall on the top floor was once a private school. On the right wall are ink marks left by the army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom during the reign of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty. Among them, the two well preserved poems are: "when the tiger generals of the heavenly Dynasty come, they will fight against the tyrants, be peaceful and virtuous, and have a deep sense of righteousness. He advised the people not to be obsessed with the Han Dynasty, but to be cautious in hiding in the mountains and forests. " And "don't burn houses, don't kill people. When the four people turn back to the shore, they should respect their heavenly Father and be good people. " It can be seen from the content of the poem that the troops of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were stationed in this building at that time.

According to county records, the Taiping Army entered Yongding four times, namely, in April of the eighth year of Xianfeng (1858 A.D.), in October and December of the third year of tongzhi (1864 A.D.) and in March of the fourth year of tongzhi (1865 A.D.). During this period, the officers and soldiers wrote a lot of wall poems to express their feelings. Unfortunately, they were destroyed one after another. Now there is only one Fuxin building left, which is the misfortune of Fuxin building's history.

Address: Xiazhai village, Hulei Town, Yongding County, Fujian Province

Longitude: 116.81612318365

Latitude: 24.792228255341

Chinese PinYin : Fu Xin Lou