Penglai Water City

Located in Penglai, Penglai water city is one of the most complete ancient water army bases in China. Facing the sea and mountains, the city is in a dangerous situation and is a coastal defense fortress and maritime hub. It was here that Qi Jiguang trained his Navy to fight against Japanese pirates.

The main facilities of Shuicheng can be divided into two parts: one is the harbor facilities, including breakwater, Watergate, Pinglang platform, wharf, etc.; the other is the defensive facilities, including the Ming Dynasty ancient city wall, Fort, enemy platform, Watergate, moat, barracks, command post, etc. Among them, beiwodusi mansion is the largest restorative ancient building complex in Penglai water city and the first military commander's office building in Ming Dynasty in China.

When you visit Shuicheng, you can take a carriage to march around Xiaohai. You can also enjoy the qijiajun's expedition and qijiaquan performance in the school yard in front of beiwodusi mansion.

Penglai Water City

Penglai water city is located on the east side of Danya in the northwest of the city. Its history can be traced back to the Song Dynasty. In the second year of the Song Dynasty, Daoyu village was built here for armistice ships. In the ninth year of the Ming Dynasty, Shuicheng was built on the basis of the former Daoyu village, with a total area of 270000 square meters, wide in the South and narrow in the north. It is an irregular rectangle, with mountains controlling the sea. The situation is very dangerous. Its water gate, breakwater, Pinglang platform, wharf, lighthouse, city wall, enemy platform, battery, moat and other harbor buildings and coastal defense buildings are well preserved, which is worthy of promotion The most complete existing ancient water army base in China.

In 1982, Shuicheng and Penglai Pavilion were announced as national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

Penglai water city is located on the east side of Danya in the northwest of Penglai City.

In the Song Dynasty, Daoyu village was built here, while in the Ming Dynasty, Shuicheng was built on the basis of Daoyu village, with a total area of 270000 square meters, wide in the South and narrow in the north. It is an irregular rectangle with mountains controlling the sea. The situation is very dangerous. It is equipped with water gate, breakwater, Pinglang platform, wharf, lighthouse, city wall, enemy platform, battery, moat and other harbor buildings and defensive buildings. It is the most complete existing ancient naval base in China. Qi Jiguang, a national hero, trained the water army here to fight against Japanese pirates, and Penglai water city became famous at home and abroad.

Ancient Chinese military fortress buildings. In Penglai County, Shandong Province, north of Danya mountain, built near the sea. According to the records, the Song Dynasty set the swordfish for inspection, moored the swordfish for battle, prepared the imperial Qidan, and named the swordfish village.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376) of Ming Dynasty, Shuicheng was built. Shuimen was built in the north and Zhenyang gate was set in the south. It was surrounded by Tucheng and introduced sea water into the city. It was renamed Beiwo city. In the 24th year of Wanli (1596), Tucheng was built with bricks and stones. Yuan Keli, the governor of Denglai, trained the Navy here in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. He controlled the troops of Dengzhou and Dongjiang, and formed a Marine Corps of more than 50000 people. With advanced artillery and warships, he effectively restrained and restrained the military power of the later Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Tianqi, Liu Aita, the son-in-law of Nuerhachi, was designed to return to the territory of Ming Dynasty without fighting for 400 Li along the coast. In addition, enemy platforms were built in the East, West and North.

It was repaired many times between Chongzhen and Qianlong, Daoguang, Tongzhi and Guangxu. As an important military fortress in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Shuicheng has played an active role in history and is a relatively complete coastal defense fortress in China. In 1982, the State Council of the people's Republic of China announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Architectural features

Shuicheng, a harbor commonly known as Xiaohai, is the main body of Shuicheng, which is in the shape of a long bag. It is a place for training sailors and berthing ships (Fig. 1). Its average width is about 100 meters, and its north-south length is 655 meters. The water depth varies with the tide, and the lowest is about 3 meters. Pinglangtai, standing at the water gate, is surrounded by a breakwater, about 80 meters long. Along the coast of Xiaohai, the wharf is built with block stones, 5-10m wide, for ships to dock.

The navigation light tower was built in 1868 and rebuilt in 1958. It is a brick and stone structure with a hexagonal, pointed top and a height of 11.6 meters. It is equipped with escalators for climbing and a light Pavilion for navigation. The lamp tower stands high on Danya mountain. It is built near the cliff, and the walls are towering. It is still practical today.

Penglai water city, adjacent to Penglai Pavilion, is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is an outstanding representative of ancient Coastal Defense Architecture Science in China. The water city is surrounded by water walls, with a circumference of about 3 kilometers and an area of 250000 square meters. It is an ancient coastal fortress, close to the mountains and the sea.

There is a water gate built at the place where people go in and out of the sea to store water. At ordinary times, the gate is high and ships can enter and leave at will; once the enemy situation is found, the gate is lowered and the sea traffic is cut off. On both sides of the water gate, there are also two cannons for garrison, forming a defense system that can be attacked and defended. It is not only a unique coastal defense fortress, but also the most complete ancient naval base in China.

Cultural relics protection

In order to better protect Penglai water city, a precious historical and cultural heritage, and to further enrich the cultural connotation of Penglai Pavilion scenic spot, since 2000, Penglai municipal Party committee and municipal government have invested 450 million yuan, expropriated 376 mu of land, and relocated more than 600 residents in batches. It is planned to take five years to implement the project in three phases, so as to restore the water city to be built based on the harbor style of the Ming Dynasty The coastal defense fortress with this feature. At the same time, the city wall, enemy platform and loupu will be restored, the beiwodusi mansion, zuoyingsi and school yard will be restored, and the ancient ship exhibition hall will be built. Through regular performances, Qi Jiguang showed his heroic achievements in training Navy, fighting Japanese pirates and defending coastal defense. And design a variety of activities with the characteristics of the Ming Dynasty, create a leisure and entertainment area, increase participation projects.

The 900 meter long east wall was first completed and officially opened to visitors on May 1, 2005. On the wall, there are iron guns of Ming Dynasty, such as Hongyi gun, Zhujie gun, Niutui gun and so on. In the wall, there are unique fragments of Ming Dynasty wall and rammed earth display.

Along the city wall from south to north, you can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery of mountains and seas inside and outside the city wall, but also have a deep understanding of Ming Dynasty artillery and other weapons knowledge. The overall restoration project of Penglai water city was completed before October 1, 2006, and officially opened to the public. After development, Penglai water city will integrate exhibition, leisure and entertainment, and this unique cultural heritage will be rationally utilized

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The wall was built around xiaohaiyin, with a top width of 8 meters. The height is different and the perimeter is about 2000 meters. It is attached with buttress wall, enemy platform, battery, moat, etc.

There are only two gates in the city. In the north, it is called shuimen, also known as tianqiaokou. It is located in the northeast corner of the city and connected with the sea. It is the entrance and exit of ships. It is built with stone blocks. The visible height is 9.4 meters, the stack distance is about 10 meters wide, and the depth is 11.4 meters. In the Tongzhi section (1862-1874) of the Qing Dynasty, a close lattice iron gate was set up between the water inlets. The South Gate of the city is called Zhenyang gate, commonly known as Tumen. It is located in the south corner of the east of the city. It is connected with the land. The arched gate is built with bricks and stones. The width of the gate is 3 meters, the depth is 13.75 meters, and the residual height is 5.3 meters. It is a relic of the Ming Dynasty. The original tower was destroyed and rebuilt in the late 1980s.

Penglai Water City

Penglai water city is located at the east foot of Danya mountain in the north of Penglai City, Shandong Province. Penglai water city, also known as "Beiwo city", has been a coastal defense fortress and maritime hub since ancient times. The water city, with mountains on its back and sea on its face, is a precipice with natural dangers. It has become a military important place since the Han and Tang Dynasties.

In the second year of Qingli (1042) of the Northern Song Dynasty, coastal defense facilities were built here, with "swordfish Patrol". In the early Ming Dynasty, Shuicheng was established in the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the sixth year of Yongle (1408) and the 24th year of Wanli (1596), respectively, to govern the war and defense affairs along the coast of Shandong Province as well as shipping. Qi Jiguang, a famous Anti Japanese general, led the navy to prepare for the war in this city. Yuan Keli had the largest marine corps and equipped with advanced artillery in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In his memorial, Yuan Keli once described it like this: "when the soldiers meet each other, the slave chieftains are scared.".

Under the rule of Yuan Keli, we can see that "at the top of the peak, there are cigarette butts one by one.". We can see each other everywhere. The number of merchant ships and warships berthing near shore is unknown.

The water city is made of mixed earth and stone. Its plane is slightly rectangular, with a circumference of 2200 meters. It has only two North and South gates. The south gate is the land gate, which connects with the land road. The north gate is the water gate, from which we can go out to sea. Xiaohai is located in the middle of the water city, with a slightly narrow and long plane, 655 meters long from north to south. It divides the city into East and West. It is the main building in the city, accounting for half of the water surface. It is used for berthing ships and training naval officers. At the peak of the Ming Dynasty, the waterside pavilions along the Xiaohai coast were all over the place, singing and singing all night long. Inside and outside Shuicheng, there are military facilities such as wharf, Pinglang platform, anti wave dam, naval camp, light tower, battery, enemy platform, sluice, moat, etc., forming a strict maritime defense system, which occupies an extremely important position in the history of Chinese seaport architecture.

Since the song and Ming Dynasties, Shuicheng has always been a place where warships are moored, naval officers are stationed, and troops are stationed to practice martial arts. The main buildings inside and outside Shuicheng are: shuimen sluice, breakwater, Pinglang platform, wharf, turret, light tower, moat and naval camp. Although Shuicheng has been eroded by more than 900 years of wind and rain and scoured by sea water, it is still very strong and its former majestic momentum has not been reduced.

When people look down from Danya, Shuicheng has the tendency of "a thousand feet of cliff, facing heaven and earth". Looking up, the Penglai Pavilion on the top of Danya mountain is covered with green trees, and the pavilion is in the air, surrounded by clouds and smoke, and shining with gold. In front of the pavilion, the ancient trees are smiling, the weeping willows are brushing their faces, the memorial archway is towering, and the stele of poetry is standing

Chinese PinYin : Peng Lai Shui Cheng