Bottle mouth

Baopingkou is the first water conservancy project in Dujiangyan scenic area. In fact, it is a canal with a width of less than 20 meters dug by Li Bing, but it is the key point. It is the throat of the inner river water into Chengdu plain to strictly control the flow of the inner river water into Chengdu Plain. From a height, it looks like a bottle mouth, so it gets its name, which also means "bless peace".

The best place to overlook baopingkou is the top floor of Fulong temple, where you can see the Grand View of the river flowing through baopingkou. Looking at the surging, pure and green Min River, my heart is full of admiration for the wisdom of the ancients.

Bottle mouth

Baopingkou refers to the estuary which acts as a "control gate" and can automatically control the inflow of the inland river,

It is a cut on the long ridge of Jian mountain (now known as Guankou mountain and Yulei mountain) extending to the Minjiang River. It is a throat artificially chiseled to control the inflow of water into the Neijiang River. Because it is shaped like a bottle mouth and has unique functions, it is named baopingkou. The hill on the right side of baopingkou is named Lidui because it is far away from the mountain. Lidui was a part of Hutou rock in Jianshan before the excavation of baopingkou.

brief introduction

During the reign of Du Yu in ancient Shu, Kaiming, the prime minister, led the people to chisel a 17 meter wide wedge-shaped hole on the gentle slope of Yulei on the left bank of Minjiang River according to the characteristics of water flow and topography. It is 19 meters wide in dry season and 23 meters wide in flood season. According to the Yongkang military annals, "during the spring ploughing, it is needed like gold, which is called" jinguankou. ". Therefore, baopingkou was also known as jinguankou in ancient times. Baopingkou is the throat of Neijiang River and the key water conservancy facility for Neijiang River. Baopingkou is known as "Lidui Suo gorge" because of its magnificent natural landscape. It is one of the famous "Guanyang ten sceneries" in history.

The width and bottom height of baopingkou were strictly controlled. The ancients carved dozens of divisions on the cliff, named shuize, which was the earliest water level gauge in China. In 1000 BC, baopingkou was recorded in Huayang annals.

History

"Historical records" said: "this canal can be rowed, more than the use of irrigation immersion, the people eat its benefits." In the history of Song Dynasty, there is a saying that "one foot will be filled, and ten feet will stop; water will reach six points, and flow will be sufficient." In the history of the Yuan Dynasty, there is a saying that "if you draw with a ruler, there is one in ten.". Water and its nine, its people happy, too worried, not trapped "records. After flowing into baopingkou, the Neijiang River passes through the main canal and yangtianwo sluice to divide the river into two parts. After that, it is divided into four parts by the Pubai and zoujiang sluice, conforming to the high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast, forming a gravity irrigation canal system to irrigate the Chengdu Plain. And Mianyang, Shehong, Jianyang, Ziyang, Renshou, Qingshen and other cities and counties nearly 10000 square kilometers, more than 10 million mu of farmland. There is a Fulong temple for Li Bing on the pile.

In Huayang annals, "Du Yu is emperor There will be a flood, the phase of Kaiming Yulei mountain in addition to the flood After the fall of Zhou Dynasty, King Xiaowen of Qin Dynasty took Li Bing as the guardian of Shu The ice is choking the river, passing through the Pixiang River and checking the river

reinforce

On the right side of baopingkou, there used to be a rock pillar that had not been chiseled. It was like an elephant trunk, so it was called "elephant trunk". Because of long-term current erosion and floating wood impact, elephant nose was destroyed by flood in 1947. The baopingkou batholith has been dry for a hundred years. It was impacted by the fast flowing river water, and a huge hanging cave appeared. When Mao Zedong inspected Dujiangyan in 1958, he said what will happen in 1000 years and 10000 years! In order to strengthen the rock foundation, in the winter of 1970, the people of the irrigation area blocked the river mouth for the first time, drained the deep pool, poured more than 8100 cubic meters of concrete from the foundation of both banks, and built a copper wall and iron wall at jielidui and baopingkou, which made the automatic control of the water volume of the Neijiang River more solid and reliable. On the right side of Lidui, there is also a section of low level river. Under the river, there is an artificial culvert, which is used to protect industrial water in Chengdu. When the flood exceeds the warning line, the low level river will automatically discharge the excess water into the outer river, so that the water level of the inner river will always be kept at a safe level. Therefore, the Chengdu Plain will benefit from irrigation without the thought of waterlogging.

effect

On the east side of the pile is the intake of the Neijiang River, commonly known as baopingkou, which has the function of controlling the flow of water. The water from the Neijiang River flows into the channel system as dense as cobweb.

The combination of baopingkou and Feisha weir has the function of controlling water flow, which is the key to control the inflow of Neijiang River. The water of Neijiang River flows into Chengdu Plain through baopingkou and irrigates a large area of farmland. During the flood period, the water level of Neijiang River rises above the Feisha weir, and the flood flows into the outer river. Combined with the restriction of baopingkou on the water flow, the flood control effect is achieved. After flowing into baopingkou, the water of Neijiang River is continuously diverted along the large and small diversion canals in accordance with the high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast, forming a gravity irrigation canal system, which irrigates more than 10 million mu of farmland in Chengdu Plain.

Address: Dujiangyan scenic area, Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 103.60774264778

Latitude: 31.007900580737

Tour time: 10-30 minutes

Traffic information: within walking distance of Dujiangyan scenic area

Ticket information: included in the ticket of Dujiangyan scenic spot (90 yuan)

Opening hours: December 1 - March 1: 8:00-17:30; March 2 - November 30: 8:00-18:00

Chinese PinYin : Bao Ping Kou