Humen Bridge

Humen Bridge is the first large-scale suspension bridge in China. Its main channel span is 888 meters, ranking the forefront in China and known as "the first span in the world". The total investment of the bridge is nearly 3 billion yuan, and the suspension bridge is welded with steel box, sharing more than 20000 tons of steel. The main cable of the bridge is 16.4km long, and each main cable is composed of 13970 galvanized high-strength steel wires with a diameter of 5.2mm.

Humen Bridge

Humen Bridge is a cross sea bridge connecting Nansha District of Guangzhou City and Humen Town of Dongguan City in Guangdong Province of China. It is located on the lion ocean of the Pearl River,

It is an integral part of the southern connecting line of the ring expressway in the Pearl River Delta region (the former Dongguan Foshan Expressway).

Humen Bridge started construction on October 28, 1992, was completed and opened to traffic on June 9, 1997, and passed the completion acceptance on April 20, 1999.

Humen Bridge starts from Taiping interchange in Dongguan City in the East, crosses Shiziyang estuary in the West and ends at Nansha interchange in Guangzhou City in the West. The total length of the line is 15.76 km, and the total length of the main bridge is 4.6 km. The bridge deck is a two-way six lane Expressway with a design speed of 120 km / h. The total investment of the project is 3.02 billion yuan.

On the afternoon of May 5, 2020, abnormal shaking occurred in Humen Bridge, and the whole bridge section has been closed to traffic

On May 6, 2020, Guangdong communications group reported that the vibration of Humen Bridge is vortex vibration and the suspension bridge is safe

. According to the preliminary judgment of the expert group, the main reason for the vibration of the suspension bridge of Humen Bridge is due to the continuous installation of water horse along the bridge side guardrail under the specific wind environment conditions, which changes the aerodynamic shape of the steel box girder and produces the vortex vibration phenomenon of the bridge under the specific wind environment conditions

. As of May 6, 2020, Shuima has been evacuated, and the vibration amplitude of the bridge has weakened. The bridge deck of Humen Bridge has basically returned to normal

.

As of May 7, 2020, Humen Bridge still has slight vibration, and the time to resume traffic has not been determined yet. The management and maintenance unit has prepared to organize overhaul of the bridge

. From 16:30 on May 7, the navigation of Humen Bridge was resumed

.

At 9:00 on May 15, 2020, Humen Bridge will resume operation

.

Construction process

In June 1981, Guangdong provincial highway construction company and Hong Kong hehe China Development Co., Ltd. jointly signed a letter of intent for the construction of Humen Bridge expressway.

In May 1991, Humen automobile ferry was completed and put into operation. Soon, due to the lack of transport capacity, the Guangdong provincial government immediately promoted the Humen Bridge project.

In the spring of 1992, the Guangdong provincial Party committee and government decided to separate the Humen Bridge project from the project cooperation contract of Guangzhou Shenzhen Zhuhai Expressway, which was organized and implemented by the Provincial Department of transportation. The project was built by Sino foreign cooperation, and a new project company was established for construction and management by means of independent accounting and self financing;

On May 27 of the same year, the foundation laying ceremony of Humen Bridge was held; on October 28 of the same year, the construction of Humen Bridge started.

From the summer of 1992 to the spring of 1994, the Department of communications of Guangdong Province invited 22 bridge experts from China headed by Li Guohao and Zeng Wei to form the technical advisory committee of Humen Bridge to consult on major design and construction scheme decisions.

On March 28, 1995, Humen Bridge held the ceremony of the pilot cable crossing the river and the commencement of the superstructure, and the "six major projects" of the bridge were completed.

On May 1, 1997, Humen Bridge was put into trial operation;

On June 9 of the same year, Humen Bridge was put into operation.

On April 20, 1999, Humen Bridge passed the acceptance of the Ministry of transport of the people's Republic of China.

Bridge location

Humen Bridge is located between Nansha street, Nansha District, Guangzhou City and Humen Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China. The main bridge spans the Shiziyang water area of the Pearl River, about 10 km from the upstream Humen Bridge 2 and 30 km from the downstream Shenzhong channel in the north. The bridge starts from Weiyuan mountain, Humen Town, Dongguan City, on the East Bank of the Pearl River in the East, and then passes through Dashiqiao Valley, Humen waterway on the main stream of the Pearl River, shanghengdangdao and Puzhou in the West The waterway ends at the north and South platform of Nansha street, Guangzhou City on the West Bank of the Pearl River, and extends westward to feishajiao mountain after passing Shenwan reservoir. As of December 2018, the whole section of Humen Bridge is the main part of the southern connecting line of Ring Expressway in the Pearl River Delta region (the former Dongguan Foshan Expressway) < I (National Expressway G94 < sub11 < / sub) < / I.

Humen Bridge starts from Taiping overpass in Dongguan City and connects with Dongguan section of Beijing Hong Kong Macao Expressway and Shenhai Expressway (formerly Guangzhou Shenzhen Expressway); it passes westward through Dongguan section of Guangzhou Shenzhen riverside Expressway and ends at Nansha overpass in Guangzhou City; it extends westward through Dacong bridge to Tanwei overpass in Guangzhou City and connects with Guangzhou section of Guangzhou Macao expressway.

Architectural design

building structure

Overall layout

Humen Bridge is a group project integrating multiple bridges and tunnels. There are 23 large and small bridges (including 3 super large bridges), three tunnels, two large interchange bridges and one large toll station in the whole section.

 

The main buildings of the bridge from east to West are Taiping overpass, Baihuashan double tunnel, nanmianshan tunnel, Weiyuan overpass, East approach, main channel bridge, middle approach, auxiliary channel bridge and west approach;

 

Dacong bridge (Shenwan viaduct) and Tanwei overpass are the West extension of Humen Bridge;

 

The main section of the bridge is arranged in the direction of East and West.

 

Design concept

The shape of Humen Bridge embodies the image conception of "Changhong lies on the waves" and "holding hands on both sides of the Strait",

 

Echoing with Weiyuan fort, it is a landmark building and tourist attraction in Dongguan City.

 

Structural characteristics

Humen Bridge, Taiping viaduct

 

Dashiqiao viaduct

 

Weiyuan viaduct

 

Shenwan viaduct, East approach, middle approach and west approach are all continuous rigid frame girder bridges;

 

The main channel bridge is a single span double hinged simply supported steel box girder suspension bridge, which is composed of East-West cable tower, east-west anchorage, main cable, sling and stiffening beam.

 

1. Superstructure of suspension bridge

The main cable of Humen Bridge is made and erected by prefabricated parallel strands, each strand is composed of several parallel galvanized high-strength steel wires arranged in regular hexagon. The main cable and the stiffening beam are connected by parallel vertical slings, and each lifting point is composed of four wire ropes. The connection between the sling and the main cable is back riding type with saddle shaped cable frame. In order to reduce the weight of casting, the cable saddle with casting welding combination is used for the bridge. Both ends of the sling are zinc copper alloy hot cast anchors, which are anchored in the box through steel stiffening beam nozzles. The stiffening beam adopts flat closed streamline steel box girder section and full welded structure; the stiffening beam end is set with vertical bearing and horizontal wind bearing at the tie beam under the cable tower. Two expansion joints are set at the East and West pylons of the bridge deck to allow large vertical and horizontal corners.

 

The main cable system, box girder, saddle and suspender of Humen suspension bridge are all steel structures with heavy coating and anti-corrosion treatment.

 

2. Suspension bridge substructure

The East-West pylon of Humen Bridge is a portal frame structure, which is composed of tower columns on both sides and three tie beams between them; the tower columns on both sides are reinforced concrete hollow thin-walled box structure, and the three tie beams are reinforced concrete hollow box section, and the prestressed tendons are arranged in the web and anchored outside the tower wall through the tower columns; affected by different geological conditions, the East-West pylon adopts group pile foundation and split pile foundation respectively The expansion foundation is separated.

 

The East and West anchorages of Humen Bridge are gravity type, which are composed of loose cable saddle pier, rear anchor block and anchor chamber; the main cable is firmly anchored on the anchorage through anchor beam and anchor rod, and the main cable tension is transferred from the anchorage steel frame to the concrete anchor body.

 

3. Main works of auxiliary channel bridge

The auxiliary channel bridge of Humen Bridge is a three span prestressed concrete box girder continuous rigid frame structure. The lower structure adopts double column hollow thin-walled pier. The design features of the upper structure include: the upper and lower parts are separated into independent single bridges, the two single bridges are connected as a whole by four transverse diaphragms at the pier top, and the two main pier caps are connected as a whole by tie beams; the transverse part adopts single box and single chamber cross section, with three columns The weight of the structure can be reduced by compressing the beam height and using C55 box girder concrete.

 

4. Main works of land bridge and tunnel

Humen Dashiqiao viaduct is a curved and straight-line bridge. The superstructure adopts prestressed concrete precast T-beam with uniform beam length. The transverse direction of the bridge is composed of two separated bridges, with thin-walled Y-shaped piers and gravity U-shaped abutment.

 

Weiyuan Viaduct of Humen Bridge is designed to span V-shaped deep ditch. It is composed of two separated bridges, U-shaped abutment and thin-walled Y-shaped pier.

 

The Baihuashan tunnel of Humen Bridge is a double hole double track tunnel, and the nanmianshan tunnel is a single hole single track tunnel. Due to the influence of terrain conditions and its own structure, the tunnel adopts a separated subgrade to pass through the mountain. According to the principle of "early entry and late exit", the tunnel portal reduces the excavation of the side and elevation slope of the entrance to ensure the stability of the mountain. In order to solve the problem of high-speed access of vehicles, the tunnel is divided into two tunnels

Chinese PinYin : Hu Men Da Qiao