Pangquangou

Pangquangou scenic spot is a National Nature Reserve, located in the hinterland of Guandi mountain, 100 km northwest of Jiaocheng County, Shanxi Province. It is a nature reserve of forest ecology and wildlife type with brown eared pheasant, Larix principis rupprechtii and spruce secondary forest as the main protection content. It is the main part of Guandishan National Forest Park and a rare oasis on the Loess Plateau. The reserve is 15 km long from north to South and 14 km wide from east to west. 5 km, with a total area of 14430. The area has a pleasant climate, with an average annual temperature of 3-4 degrees, a relative humidity of 60%, abundant rainfall and an average annual precipitation of about 800mm. There are more than 500 species of plants in more than 60 families, including more than 200 kinds of medicinal materials. It is also a good place for rare birds and animals to inhabit and breed. There are more than 150 species of birds in 15 orders, 40 families, 80 species of mammals in 6 orders, 11 families, 10 species of amphibians and reptiles, thousands of insects and 50 species of fungi. Among them, there are brown eared pheasant, a national first-class protected animal, leopard, black zygomatic, Golden Eagle, etc. It is a good place for people to take summer vacation, recuperate, travel and vacation. Xiaowen mountain is 2830 meters above sea level. It is the main peak of Guandi mountain and the highest peak in the reserve. It is famous for Larix principis rupprechtii. When you climb the mountain, you can see the small mountains, green ripples, misty clouds, which makes you relaxed and happy. On the east side is Yunding mountain, which is 2670 meters above sea level. The meadow on the top is flat and vast. Watching the sunrise at dawn is even more impressive and unforgettable. What is particularly spectacular is the "auspicious atmosphere of Tianmen" in summer: it is sunny after rain, the water vapor is transpiration in the dense forest, the air mass floating over the forest is slanted by the setting sun, and the reflection of the green mountain forest is reflected into a bright, colorful, haze filled. On the watershed between Jiaocheng and Fangshan, there is a hexagonal pavilion, made of yellow glazed tiles, solemn and elegant, with a horizontal plaque of "Wenyuan Wancui" hanging under the eaves. Standing in the pavilion, you can see that the pines are rolling and the green hills are overlapping. The image of Bijia mountain in the northwest direction is vivid. The mountain is precipitous and the rocks are jagged. The mountains are full of green pines, and the trees are tall and straight. At the foot of the mountain, the water in the Dashagou is roaring. A clear spring flies down from the steep rocks and becomes the source of literature. The light spot torn by the leaves shines brightly on the waterfall and changes rapidly. It's sweet and cool to drink with a mouthful of wine. Not far away, three giant pines line up, standing tall and upright, like a pagoda. The pine ball on the top of the tree shakes with the wind, just like the wind chime hanging on the tower. It is commonly known as the "ancient tree pagoda". It is charming with the "Longquan waterfall". There are also dozens of natural landscapes and cultural attractions, such as "sunset of the lion" and "Phoenix Tower", which make you marvel at how extensive and profound nature is. For more than ten years, international scholars and tourists from Taiyuan and its surrounding areas have come to Pangquangou Nature Reserve, the "summer resort", for scientific investigation and tourism, which has benefited a lot. In today's wave of returning to nature, people are more and more aware of the purity and greatness of nature, and are willing to enjoy the beautiful scenery of nature. Located 30 kilometers north of Fangshan County, Pangquangou is a forest ecological nature reserve mainly for the protection of national first-class wild animal brown eared pheasant. It is the main forest region in Shanxi Province, involving 4 townships and 2 state-owned forest farms, covering an area of 15 square kilometers. 70000 mu, with a forest coverage rate of 74%. With high mountains, dense forests and crisscross valleys, the area is a good place for wildlife. At present, there are more than 2000 brown eared pheasants, a national first-class wild protected animal. It's hard to appreciate the ancient, vast and mysterious nature of the primeval forest without ever going to Pangquangou. When you are in Pangquangou, you will feel that the urban landscape is eclipsed. The beauty of Pangquangou lies in its simplicity, natural beauty and no trace of artificial carving. The fresh and pure air embraces and protects every visitor from afar; the blue sky, the earth and the hills are as clean as lead; the gurgling stream flows gently, like a delicate hand, injecting a trace of life into the visitors; the ancient and dignified virgin forest roars solemnly and low like a line of soldiers ready to go; the great pines and cypresses and elegant birches The luxuriant shrubs are dancing to the sky, and the beautiful pictures are touching; the jagged rocks with different shapes are clumsy and vigorous, and they are condensed into a magnificent spectacle; perhaps the charming Pangquan Valley is too quiet and peaceful, and the clear mountain stream waterfall is not spectacular, but it is exuberant and joyful, splashing with pearls and jade, and flowing with strings Notes, the valley roaring, shaking, beating, playing a piece of extraordinary human fairy music, visitors seem to be in a fairyland in general. There are "Xiaowen ancient stele", "cloud top Sunrise", "master sunset", "Tianmen auspicious atmosphere", "Bijia Shenghui", "Wenyuan Wancui", "Longquan waterfall" and "ancient tree pagoda", which constitute the "eight landscapes" of Pangquangou Color, if virtual, if illusory. Pangquangou is the original site of Larix principis rupprechtii, and also a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest zone dominated by Larix principis rupprechtii and Pinus tabulaeformis. In addition to deciduous leaves, there are also Ulmus pumila, Betula platyphylla and other tree species. The trees are neat and the unit volume is high. It is the forest region with the largest economic value in Shanxi. Wild plant resources are also very rich, including a large number of Dangshen, astragalus, licorice, Acorus calamus, forsythia, Platycodon grandiflorum, bupleurum and other medicinal plants.

Pangquangou National Nature Reserve, Shanxi Province

synonym

Pangquangou generally refers to Shanxi Pangquangou National Nature Reserve

Pangquangou National Nature Reserve is located in the northwest of Jiaocheng County and the northeast of Fangshan County, Shanxi Province. It is located in the middle of Luliang mountains. It is a wild animal and plant type nature reserve. The main protected objects are brown eared pheasant and its habitat.

The reserve is 15 km long from north to South and 14.5 km wide from east to west, with a total area of 10443.5 hectares and a forest coverage rate of 74%. It was established with the approval of the people's Government of Shanxi Province in December 1980 and approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council in 1986.

Historical evolution

In 1980, Pangquangou Nature Reserve in Shanxi Province was established.

In 1986, it was promoted to a national nature reserve with the approval of the State Council.

geographical environment

Topography

Pangquangou National Nature Reserve, located in the middle of Luliang mountains, is a mountainous area. Xiaowen mountain, the highest peak, is the main peak of Guandi mountain, with an altitude of 2831 meters and a minimum altitude of 1500 meters.

climate

Pangquangou National Nature Reserve in Shanxi province belongs to the warm temperate zone and its Luliang Mountain semi humid zone. It is the transition zone from the middle temperate zone to the warm temperate zone. The annual average temperature is 4.3 ℃, the relative humidity is 70%, the annual average precipitation is about 820mm, and the frost free period is 180 days.

Regional scope

Pangquangou Nature Reserve is located at the junction of Jiaocheng County, Fangshan County and Loufan County, between 111 ° 22 ′ - 111 ° 33 ′ E and 37 ° 45 ′ - 37 ° 55 ′ n. The reserve is 15 km long from north to South and 14.5 km wide from east to west, covering a total area of 10443.5 hectares, including 7709.7 hectares of woodland and 1165.9 hectares of shrubbery.

There are seven natural villages in the reserve, namely Changli village, huangjita village, shenweigou village, Houping village, wangsigou village, dacaoping village and yanggetai village.

Protection target

Protected objects

Pangquangou Nature Reserve in Shanxi province belongs to the nature reserve of wildlife type. The main protected objects are brown eared pheasant and natural secondary forest vegetation of Larix principis rupprechtii and spruce.

Animal resources

The fauna in the Reserve belongs to Palaearctic and a small number of Oriental species. According to the survey, there are 238 species of wild animals in the area, including 32 species in 15 families of 6 orders of mammals, 189 species in 38 families of 14 orders of birds, 17 species in 8 families of amphibians and reptiles, and more than 1000 species of insects.

Among them, there are 5 species of brown eared pheasant, Golden Eagle, black crane, leopard and musk deer that belong to the first level of national key protection; 25 species of mandarin duck, kite, red horned owl and green weasel that belong to the second level of national key protection. There are 14 kinds of provincial key protected animals in Shanxi Province, such as heron, golden eye bunting, little azalea and common Nighthawk.

Brown Eared Pheasant

Brown eared pheasant is a representative species of the Loess Plateau in North China of the Palaearctic boundary, which is rare and endangered.

plant resources

Pangquangou National Nature Reserve in Shanxi Province is a pan Arctic flora. The vegetation types are cold temperate coniferous mixed forest, coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest and warm broad-leaved mixed forest.

According to the establishment, the species can be roughly divided into five types: Larix principis rupprechtii natural secondary forest pure forest: distributed in the core area, Bashuigou, shenweimiao and other areas, accompanied by spruce, birch, Populus davidiana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Quercus liaotungensis, Betula platyphylla and other tree species; spruce forest: distributed in Bashuigou, xitagou, Dabei and other areas; Pinus tabulaeformis forest: mainly distributed in yanggetai experimental area; poplar birch broad-leaved forest: composed of sunny slope The main components of forest vegetation in the vicinity of the ridge line and the semi shady and semi sunny hillside; Quercus liaotungensis Forest: mainly distributed in the sunny hillside.

There are 828 plant species belonging to 88 families in Pangquangou Nature Reserve of Shanxi Province, including 809 angiosperms belonging to 79 families, 12 pteridophytes belonging to 7 families, 7 gymnosperms belonging to 2 families, and some lower plants such as lichens and mosses. The main tree species are Larix principis rupprechtii, spruce, Pinus tabulaeformis, Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla, Betula platyphylla, etc.

Chinese PinYin : Pang Quan Gou