Mengzhuang site

Mengzhuang site is located in the north of Mengzhuang village, Zhecheng county. Zhecheng Taikang highway divides the site into North and south parts. In the north, it used to be the base of guxinmen temple, 280 meters long from north to South and 110 meters wide from east to west. Excavated in 1977, 9 house foundations, 1 pottery cellar and 7 tombs were found. A large number of production tools, daily utensils and tortoise shells were unearthed. In addition, pottery inscriptions and sandals of Shang Dynasty were found. A female skeleton (about 17-18 years old) was also found in the rammed soil. There were three traces of binding rope left on her arm and wrist bones. The deceased should be the slave who laid the foundation. The site belongs to the early Shang Dynasty and is listed as a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level.

Mengzhuang site

Mengzhuang site is located in the east of Mengzhuang Town, Huixian City, Henan Province, 4 kilometers northwest of the county. The geographical coordinates are 113 ° 57 'e and 35 ° 26' n. It was discovered in 1951. From 1992 to 1994, a team of Henan Provincial Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, Xinxiang District Council of cultural administration and Huixian Municipal Institute of cultural protection conducted an archaeological excavation of Mengzhuang site, covering an area of 250000 square meters. It discovered three periods of earth cities: Longshan culture, Erlitou Culture (Xia) and Shang Dynasty.

Mengzhuang site was declared as a cultural relic protection unit of Henan Province in 1963, and was declared as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit by the people's Government of Henan Province in 1986. On June 25, 2001, Mengzhuang site was declared as the fifth batch of national key cultural relic protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

In 1951, the people of Huixian County discovered ostrich egg fossils during the construction of Mengzhuang canal.

Identified by the laboratory of vertebrate paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, it belongs to the fossil of "an's ostrich egg", which is 500000 years old. Then the Chinese Academy of Sciences carried out an archaeological investigation in Mengzhuang to determine the time of Huixian's long history. After on-the-spot investigation and repeated textual research, it is confirmed that this site is an ancient cultural site with Yangshao culture and Longshan culture as the main culture, and Xia, Shang and Zhou cultures as well. The Neolithic Age marks the beginning of the Neolithic age. It says that people lived here about 6000 years ago.

archaeological excavation

From 1992 to 1994, Henan Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology carried out large-scale drilling and archaeological excavation here, covering an area of 250000 square meters. In this development, we found three periods of earth cities: Longshan culture, Erlitou Culture (Xia) and Shang Dynasty. According to the excavation and analysis, the formation of the Triassic earthen city is as follows: the construction of the city began in the Longshan culture period (about 3000 BC).

From July 1992 to the first half of 1995, the archaeological team carried out a series of archaeological excavations on the site. Important discoveries include Yangshao cultural relics, Longshan city site, Erlitou city site, late Shang Dynasty city site, etc.

Cultural relics

Longshan city site is located in the northwest of the site. The east wall is well preserved, about 375 meters long, and the gate is also found in the middle. The restoration length of the north wall is about 340 meters, while the west wall only remains in the East, about 330 meters long. The south wall has been flattened, and only the Nancheng River remains.

The city site of Erlitou period was directly superimposed on Longshan city site. There are mainly city sites, ash pits, water wells, tombs and so on in the Yin Ruins period. Only in the West and East walls of the city wall are rammed earth mended in the late Shang Dynasty. The Triassic strata in Longshan, Erlitou and Shang Dynasty were first discovered in Central China. Peiligang, Yangshao, Longshan, Erlitou, Erligang, Yinxu and the Western Zhou Dynasty are all inhabited by human beings. A large number of relics of different periods are also unearthed in the site.

The unprecedented continuity of human habitation for thousands of years reflects the importance of the site's location. The excavation of the site provides important information for the study of the transition from primitive society to class society, the change of Xia and Shang Dynasties and other major historical events, which is of great significance for the study of the relationship between Xia and Shang cultures; provides conditions for the establishment of the archaeological chronological sequence of the area; and provides new materials for the study of architectural art and cultural features of each period.

Cultural relics protection

Mengzhuang site, on June 20, 1963, the provincial people's Commission announced the "list of the first batch of cultural relics to be protected in Henan Province". Huixian county was included in the first batch of cultural relics to be protected, and was rated as one of the "top ten new archaeological discoveries in China in 1994".

In 1986, the site was announced by the people's Government of Henan Province as a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level, setting up a protection mark and delimiting the scope of protection. On June 25, 2001, Mengzhuang site was announced as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Address: Mengzhuang village, Mengzhuang Town, Huixian City, Henan Province

Longitude: 115.66757324219

Latitude: 34.393209160545

Opening hours: 09:00-17:00

Chinese PinYin : Meng Zhuang Yi Zhi