Cizhou kiln site

Cizhou kiln site is located in Cixian county and Fengfeng mining area, 40 kilometers southwest of Handan city. It is a famous folk porcelain kiln in northern China in the summer of song and Yuan Dynasties. Because it belonged to Cizhou in ancient times, it was named Cizhou kiln. Cizhou kiln is an outstanding representative of ancient northern folk kilns in China. Its decorative art is characterized by sharp black-and-white contrast. Its unique firing technology has an important impact on the development of northern ceramic industry in China. It occupies an important position in the history of Chinese ceramic development. It once enjoyed the reputation of "Jingde in the South and Pengcheng in the north".

Cizhou kiln site

Cizhouyao site is located in Cixian county and Fengfeng mining area of Handan, Hebei Province. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Cizhou kiln is a famous folk porcelain kiln in northern China in song and Yuan Dynasties. It was named Cizhou kiln because it belonged to Cizhou in ancient times. Cizhou kiln is an outstanding representative of ancient northern folk kilns in China. Its decorative art is characterized by black-and-white contrast. Its unique firing technology has had an important impact on the development of northern China's ceramic industry. It occupies an important position in the history of Chinese ceramic development. In history, it once enjoyed the reputation of "Jingde in the South and Pengcheng in the north".

There are two kiln sites, one is located in Guantai town of Cixian County, and the other is from Pengcheng town to Linshui town under Nanxiangtang temple in the scenic area, covering an area of about 10 square kilometers.

archaeological discovery

There are dozens of ancient kiln sites in Cizhou kiln. There are many well preserved "Mantou kilns" in Pengcheng town. There is an ancient kiln site of Yuan Dynasty in Yandian site of Cizhou kiln in Pengcheng City, which is well preserved. The production process of porcelain can be seen in the workshop beside the kiln site. Guantai kiln site has been excavated in a large area. In addition to tens of thousands of porcelain and porcelain pieces, well preserved kilns and grinding trough for processing raw materials have also been found. The unearthed artifacts are mainly plates, bowls, cans, bottles, etc., as well as porcelain pillows and toys.

Guantai kiln (site) is an important part of Cizhou kiln. It is located in the southwest of Cixian County, 27 kilometers away from Fengfeng in the north. This area is rich in coal, porcelain clay and refractory soil. It is also close to Shuiye village in Anyang, which is rich in glaze raw materials in the South. All these provide favorable conditions for the development of porcelain industry. Guantai kiln covers an area of more than 200000 square meters. In 1958, 20000 square meters were excavated, that is, more than 10000 pieces of cultural relics were unearthed. In 1987, four relatively complete horseshoe shaped and steamed bread shaped kilns of song and Jin Dynasties were excavated.

Cizhou kiln is a famous folk porcelain kiln in ancient China. As early as the Sui Dynasty, celadon was produced. In the Song Dynasty, the porcelain making technology of Cizhou kiln reached its peak, and the products at that time were the most famous. Since Song Dynasty, it has been produced in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Cizhou kiln not only has many varieties and large output, but also has distinct national style and local characteristics, forming a unique Cizhou kiln system, which occupies an important position in the history of Chinese ceramics. The porcelain making skills of Cizhou kiln have been widely spread in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and the south of the Yellow River Basin, and spread abroad. Known to every family in Osaka as like as two peas in the May 8, 2002, the Museum of Japanese Museum of Handan, Japan, visited the Handan Exhibition on the exhibition of the state of the state of the state. Before that, the porcelain bowl, a symbol of Japanese tea ceremony culture, had been thought to have been introduced into Japan by the Korean Dynasty in the Edo era.

unearthed relic

Most of the porcelains fired in ancient Cizhou kiln were daily necessities of the people at that time. Its decoration was mainly characterized by black-and-white contrast. Iron embroidery, engraving, red and green color, yellow brown, green, blue and kiln black glaze were used for decoration, which constituted the characteristics of Cizhou kiln ceramic decoration art. The decorative art of Cizhou kiln breaks the old rules in material selection. It seldom uses the abstract and regular geometric patterns, but mostly draws materials from realistic character stories, folklore, leafy flowers, smooth grass rolling patterns, and flexible jumping insects, fish, birds and beasts, etc. Its pattern modeling is artistically processed according to the character and manner of the object, which is concise, exaggerated, lively and vivid. This makes Cizhou kiln ceramic decoration more national style and traditional art characteristics, so as to win the love of the masses.

In the Song Dynasty, porcelain mostly won by monochrome glaze, but underglaze color was not the mainstream. However, in Cizhou kiln, not only white porcelain, ink porcelain, yellow porcelain, green porcelain and tricolor were made, but also underglaze painting was made on the basis of white porcelain. Moreover, the decoration techniques were very rich, which became the representative works of Cizhou kiln. The history of Chinese civilization calls it a wonderful flower in the history of Chinese ceramics. In addition to firing underglaze color, Cizhou kiln also created the earliest overglaze color in China, namely red and green color. Red and green color is painted with red and green on white glaze, and then fired at low temperature. The red and green color of Cizhou kiln in Song Dynasty was the first of the overglaze color painting of Chinese porcelain, which laid a foundation for the development of overglaze color in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

historical origin

Cizhou kiln has a long history of more than 7000 years from the ancient Cishan culture pottery. In the 10th century, with exquisite porcelain making, it became the representative of northern folk kilns in Song Dynasty. At that time, Zhou was famous for its "Ci", which was the prosperity of kilns in the world. It also had the reputation of "ten li Pengcheng, day in, day out gold" and "Jingde in the south, Pengcheng in the north". The porcelain decoration of Cizhou kiln is mainly characterized by black-and-white contrast. It is elegant, simple and vigorous. The white glaze and black flowers are unique. It creatively uses the decorative painting method of pattern to paint the figures, black animals, insects and fish, landscape and other scenery on the porcelain, creating a new era for the Chinese porcelain painting decoration. Cizhou kiln, in addition to inheriting the characteristics of the past, has new development, and its products sell well all over the world.

In the development history of Chinese ceramics, the famous Xingyao, Dingyao and Cizhou kilns in Hebei and the newly discovered Jingxing kiln are well-known at home and abroad, which has written a glorious page for the history of Chinese ceramics.

protective measures

Inherit the traditional craft

Cizhou kiln system, with Pengcheng in Fengfeng mining area as the center, has more than ten manufacturers. Its products are of high quality and good quality. It can produce eight categories of daily-use ceramics, fine arts ceramics, garden ceramics, imitation song ceramics, and more than 1000 varieties. With an annual production capacity of more than 100 million pieces, it has become one of the eight porcelain capitals in China. Its products are sold to more than 60 countries and regions, and use modern technology and modern technology With the continuous development of new varieties, the well-known capital airport ceramic mural "spring of science" is the masterpiece of Cizhou kiln, which adds new brilliance to the ancient Cizhou kiln.

Building a Heritage Museum

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In 1999, the Cizhouyao (Yandian) site museum was built in Fengfeng mining area of Handan city. After transformation and improvement, it has become a comprehensive museum integrating the protection of cultural relics, demonstration production and display of ceramic works. Become a well-known tourism brand in Handan city.

Located in Pengcheng, a thousand year old pottery Town, the Cizhou kiln site museum covers an area of about 3000 square meters. It contains a kiln site in the Yuan Dynasty, a kiln site in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, a kiln site in the Republic of China, and five cave style ancient workshops.

After the museum was built in 1999, the traditional pottery making process was combined with the site exhibition to make it more ornamental. In the workshop, there was a demonstration of the whole process of the traditional pottery making process of Cizhou kiln, the first batch of intangible cultural heritage in China, as well as a demonstration of the fine ceramic art of Cizhou kiln in the past dynasties. After the completion of the museum, it receives nearly one million people from leaders at all levels, experts from all over the world and tourists at home and abroad, and provides free opening, free explanation and free exhibition services to tourists. Remarkable economic and social benefits have been achieved. Especially in the academic exchanges with experts and scholars at home and abroad, making friends promoted friendship.

The museum has also become the practice and creation base of the Central Academy of Arts and crafts, Lu Xun Academy of fine arts, Xi'an Academy of fine arts, Jingdezhen Ceramic academy, Yanshan University, Handan University, Handan University, Handan primary and secondary schools. The Cizhou kiln culture was taught and carried forward to the maximum extent. It is an excellent place to understand the long history of Cizhou folk kiln and learn ceramic culture.

Address: Cixian and Fengfeng mining area, 40 km southwest of Handan City

Longitude: 114.27548

Latitude: 36.369663

Tel: 0310-3216667

Ticket information: 10 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Ci Zhou Yao Yi Zhi