Nanji Island

Nanji Island is the main island of Nanji Archipelago. It is the largest of the 52 islands in Nanji Archipelago. It looks like a muntjac, with its head facing northwest and its tail facing Southeast. It is surrounded by five Gajiao (longzuitou) and three bays (guoxing'ao, mazu'ao, huokun'ao) and Nanji harbor. Nanji Island is surrounded by many islands and reefs. The highest mountain is 229.1 meters above sea level. There are about 2000 residents on the island. It has become a tourist island.

Nanji Island

Nanji Island, a National Nature Reserve, is the main island of Nanji Islands Marine Nature Reserve. It is also called Haishan. In ancient times, it was written as "Nanji mountain". It is located in the East China Sea 30 nautical miles away from the mouth of Aojiang River in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province, 50 nautical miles away from Wenzhou City. Nanji Island is the largest of the 52 islands in Nanji Archipelago, which is a tourist island. There are many islands and reefs around, and the highest mountain is 229.1 meters above sea level. About 2000 people live on the island.

Island introduction

Nanji Island is the main island of Nanji Archipelago, located at 27 ° 27.9 'n and 121 ° 04.2' E. Belonging to Pingyang County of Wenzhou City, it is located on the west side of Zhuyu Island, 2.64 km away from CHAIZHI Island, belonging to Nanji Archipelago, 35.20 km away from the nearest point of the mainland. Once known as Nanji, Nanji mountain, Nanqi mountain, Nanji mountain. Nanji Island is known as "a brief introduction of China's marine islands" (1980), "a list of marine areas in Zhejiang Province" (1988), "toponymy of China's marine areas" (1989), "toponymy Atlas of China's marine areas" (1991) and "toponymy of Zhejiang island" (1998). Looking down from a high altitude, the island looks like a muntjac (a small deer) flying eastward with its head held high. It is also located in the southern sea area of Zhejiang Province, so it is named.

The coastline is 32.76 kilometers long, the land area is 7.6695 square kilometers, and the highest point elevation is 229.1 meters. Bedrock Island, the outcropped rocks are mainly K-feldspar granite in the south central part, gray purple rhyolitic crystal vitrinite fusion tuff in the northwest, and quartz diorite distributed on both sides of huokun'ao. The top surface of the hill is generally gentle and steep in some parts. There are many stone eggs, independent stones and rubble mounds. Around the island, there are five headlands, such as houlongzui and dashanzui, and three bays, namely guoxingao, mazu'ao and huokun'ao.

Historical evolution

In the 10th year of Wanli (1582) of Ming Dynasty, Nanji deputy general was set up to strengthen maritime defense. In the early Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong insisted on fighting against the Qing Dynasty at sea, and once stationed in Xi'ao, Nanji. The islanders took Zheng Chenggong's surname as Zhu and granted him the title of King Yanping, so they called Xi'ao the surname of the state.

There used to be an ancestral temple on the top of Ao's mountain to worship the statue of Zheng Chenggong. On the stone wall of Dasha'ao, there are four words "Shishou Chengzhu" engraved on the old stone wall, and the next sign is "Hulin", which is said to be Zheng Chenggong's handwriting. In 1661, the Qing government enforced the sea ban and expelled all the islanders, causing the islanders to hang on the sea for hundreds of years. In the early years of the Republic of China (August 1912), Wang Lifu founded Nanji fishing tenancy company to recruit fishermen to go to the island for reclamation. At the beginning, there were only dozens of recruits, but more than 10000 residents gathered in the past few decades. During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese army occupied Nanji twice and became the pirate "Wujun" and Dadaohui. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the remnant of the southern Zhejiang Kuomintang retreated to Nanji. In February 1955, following the retreat of Dachen Island, the island residents were escorted to Taiwan. Since then, Pingyang, Rui'an and Wencheng counties immigrated to Dongtou County, and in 1957 they were assigned to Pingyang County.

Nanji Archipelago is not only a marine nature reserve and national marine nature reserve of UNESCO World biological trap reserve network, but also a group of scenic spots in Zhejiang Province.

According to historical records, "in the 10th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1582), there was a deputy general of Nanji, and in the 18th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1661), he moved.". At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Zheng Chenggong, a national hero, took Nanji Island as a stronghold, managed in many ways, and sought to restore the Ming Dynasty room, leaving a lot of cultural landscape.

According to Pingyang County annals, Nanji Archipelago is rich in tourism resources and has a beautiful environment. In particular, granite bedrock and joints are developed, eroded by waves, weathered and collapsed, forming more than 550 kinds of landscapes, such as rock beach, harbor, headland, waterway, sand beach, gravel, waves, meteorology, biology, etc. There are five scenic spots, namely Dasha'ao, guoxing'ao, sanpanwei, Dalai mountain and Zhuyu.

Since its establishment in 1995, Pingyang Nanji Island ocean Investment Co., Ltd. is about to combine the development of tourism organically, and has carried out a comprehensive development of scenic tourism resources. It has successively built a breakwater and a ring Island Highway, purchased a 70 seat luxury speedboat, and built resorts featuring Russian style wooden houses, mountain villas, seaside bamboo corridors, etc. We pursue a variety of new projects, such as underwater diving, underwater wedding, desert island exploration, beach bonfire, beach volleyball, sand blockhouse, surf, windsurfing and so on, to attract domestic and foreign tourists.

geographical environment

Nanji Archipelago is far away from the mainland, with clear sea water and low sand content. The bottom material of the sea area is mainly silty clay. The seabed topography dips from west to Southeast, and the water depth is generally between 15 and 25 meters. The northeast and southwest sides of Nanji Island are deep-water channels, with the water depth of more than 30 meters and the deepest of 45 meters. This area is dominated by sea erosion landform, with tortuous coastline, numerous headlands, numerous bays, dense reefs and diverse beaches. It is the intersection and alternate growth and decline area of Zhejiang Fujian coastal current and Taiwan warm current. The climate is mild, with an annual average temperature of 16.5 ℃. There is no severe heat in summer and no severe cold in winter.

Nanji Archipelago is eroded and impacted by waves and tides, the bedrock is exposed, and most of them are steep cliffs. Archipelago coastline twists and turns, promontory cluster, many bays. The main geomorphic form is marine erosion, but the marine accumulation is not well developed.

Climatic characteristics

Nanji Archipelago is located in the subtropical sea area with mild and humid climate and four distinct seasons, which belongs to the typical mid subtropical marine monsoon climate.

The characteristics are: warm in winter and cool in summer, the annual average temperature is 16.5 ℃, the extreme temperature is 2.7 ℃ and 34.1 ℃, and there are few days when the daily extreme maximum temperature is above 30 ℃. The second is abundant rainfall and sufficient light. The annual average number of precipitation days is 148.6 days, and the average annual precipitation is 1063.4 mm. It is the most abundant area in Zhejiang Province. The main precipitation period is from May to August, accounting for 73% of the annual precipitation. The frost free period is 365 days, and the four seasons are 40 days later than the mainland. Third, disastrous weather occurs from time to time, mainly due to frequent typhoon attacks. According to years of meteorological statistics, there are 3.3 typhoons every year. From May to November, there are typhoons, mainly from July to October, with the maximum wind force above 12.

natural resources

Nanji Archipelago is located in the sea area where Taiwan warm current and Zhejiang Fujian coastal current meet and fluctuate alternately. It belongs to subtropical marine monsoon climate. There are many kinds of marine organisms in the area, including 397 species of fish, 79 species of shrimps and 128 species of crabs. The species of shellfish and algae are the most complete in the sea area. 403 species of marine shellfish have been identified in this area, among which 19 species are recorded for the first time in China, 174 species of marine benthic algae and 22 species of algae are listed as rare species. Among them, Sargassum melanophyllum is a new species of marine algae in the world, accounting for more than 29% of the total species in China. There are not only abundant species of shellfish and algae in this area, but also temperate and tropical floristic characteristics and regional fracture distribution, which can be regarded as an important gene pool of shellfish and algae in China's coastal waters.

Nanji Island, known as the kingdom of shellfish and algae, is rich in natural resources and various kinds of seafood. The main fish species are large and small yellow croaker, yellow croaker, hairtail, silver pomfret and other common economic fish. The rare and precious fish are sturgeon, shad, yellow lipped fish and so on. There are 307 species of crabs and shrimps and 403 species of shellfish and algae.

In 1999, Nanji Archipelago was listed as a World Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO because of its marine biodiversity.

There are five soil types in Nanji Island, including red soil, coarse skeletal soil, coastal saline soil, aeolian sandy soil and fluvo aquic soil, and five soil types, including saturated red soil, neutral coarse skeletal soil, beach saline soil, coastal aeolian sandy soil and fluvo aquic soil. There are 628 species of vascular plants belonging to 401 genera and 126 families. Among them, shizizhu, an island endemic species, is only found in Zhejiang Province. The surrounding sea area produces hairy shrimp, sea dragonfly, hairtail, cuttlefish, seven star fish, swimming crab, pomfret, small yellow croaker and so on. There are precious grouper on the rock wall and reef, as well as wild shellfish and algae such as purple oyster and touch mouth. Rich in aquatic resources, it is one of the important fishing grounds in southern Zhejiang.

Population economy

In June 2011, 2054 registered residence residents, 1950 permanent residents, with Nanji Town, under 11 administrative villages. The economy is dominated by fishery, which breeds mussels, algae and prawns. There are dry land, mainly sweet potato. A wharf is built to connect the passenger ship with Jiangzhen every other day. There is a simple road leading to each aokou. There are power cables at the bottom of the sea to connect with the mainland. There are primary schools, health centers, cinemas, broadcasting stations, storage bases, etc.

Nanji Archipelago is now an island town in Pingyang County, with a population of more than 8000 (mainly fishing operators). In 2000, the island's GDP was 31.52 million yuan, and its per capita income was about 5100 yuan, which is a low-level resource development economy. In the fishing industry, the acquisition of fish resources is the main factor, followed by the processing of fish products; in the acquisition of fish resources, the natural harvesting is the main factor, followed by the open sea. Nanji Island is rich in grouper, red sea bream, brown croaker, bass and other local germplasm resources, which is a paradise for shellfish and algae.

military installation

Kyodo 2

Chinese PinYin : Nan Ji Dao