Changchun animal and plant park

--Changchun animal and plant park, with its beautiful environment of dense trees, deep forests, rare birds and animals, exotic flowers and trees, and beautiful landscape, makes tourists forget to return. It is an excellent place for leisure, entertainment and holiday gathering.

--The artificial lake divides the park into three natural parts: in the East is the Museum of rare birds and animals, which collects more than 200 species of animals and plants in the north, known as the small kingdom of nature; in the west is the miniature scenic spot of "Changbai plain" with artificial earth mountains simulating the vertical distribution of plants; in the north is the tropical botanical garden.

--There are more than 140 kinds of woody plants planted in the garden, including rare tree species such as Pinus elliottii, which is endemic to Jilin Province, and ornamental areas such as Baihua garden, rose garden and osmanthus garden.

--You can get a bird's-eye view of the park and the central area of Changchun City by climbing the mountains in the west of the park.

Changchun animal and plant park

Changchun animal and plant park is located in the center of Changchun City, covering an area of 74 hectares, including 8.8 hectares of water surface area and 0.8 hectares of building area. It is a special forest park with the main social functions of animal and plant protection and exhibition. It also has the functions of wild animal and plant science popularization, protection education, animal and plant scientific research, earthquake macro observation, leisure and entertainment.

Changchun animal and plant park was founded in 1938 during the Japanese puppet period, known as "Xinjing animal and plant park", commonly known as "Tiger Park" or "Nanling zoo", known as "Asia's first park". When Japan surrendered in 1945, it poisoned all the lions, tigers and other large beasts in the park, and other animals starved to death because they were not raised. During the KMT occupation of Changchun, the park became a training ground for the KMT army. The facilities and trees in the park were destroyed, and a flourishing park became a ruins of ruins with ruins and Artemisia.

On September 6, 2016, a tiger was besieged and killed by eight tigers in Changchun animal and plant park.

Historical evolution

The period of Xinjing zoology and botany Garden

Changchun animal and plant park was built in 1938 during the Japanese puppet period, which was called "Xinjing animal and plant park". It started construction in 1938 and completed the first phase of the project in 1940. It is the first comprehensive view exhibition garden integrating animals and plants in Northeast China. The characteristics of this "Xinjing zoobotanical garden" are as follows: first, it covers an area of 730000 square meters (after liberation, when the park built a wall in 1958, it took the liberty road to expand outward, reaching 740000 square meters), which is 20 times the size of Japan's famous Ueno Zoo in Tokyo. At that time, it was known as "No.1 in Asia" and was well-known in the world; second, it has beautiful natural terrain, with natural rivers flowing through animals and plants The third is the Northeast local animal and plant species, and there are other areas of China and the world's animals and plants. In terms of planning, design and management, it has broken the traditional "circus" style zoo business model. At the same time, we should pay attention to the protection and education of animals and plants for primary and secondary school students. We should adopt the way of partial stocking, combined with production and scientific research experiments.

In 1940, when the first phase of the project was completed, there were more than 1000 animals of 50 species. Among them, there are 10 tigers, 2 lions, 150 silver foxes, 200 Taiwan monkeys, 20 sika deer, a large number of songbirds, waterfowls and some reptiles. In addition, there are breeding chicken hatchery, fur animal research institute, cattle farm, Chinese herbal medicine garden, etc. Since the beginning of the Pacific War in 1941, there has been no development of the Zoological and botanical gardens, which are limited to maintenance. In the spring of 1944, the US "B29" plane flew to Changchun. The Japanese and puppet authorities had a premonition of the danger of air attack, and in the winter of the same year, they killed all the large beasts in the garden, such as African lions and Siberian tigers. Other animals in the park have been lost due to no management.

After the surrender of Japan in 1945, various animal facilities in the park were seriously damaged. During the period of Kuomintang occupation, Zheng Dongguo, the highest military and political officer of Changchun, carried away all kinds of materials in the park by carriage, leaving the park empty and devastated. At that time, the animal and Botanical Garden became a training ground for the "national army". The garden was full of trenches and fortifications built by the Kuomintang army. A large number of trees were cut down, and various animal facilities were further seriously damaged. As a result, the animal and botanical garden was covered with rubble, grass and mosquitoes.

Botanical Garden period

After the liberation of Changchun in October 1948, the party and government attached great importance to the garden land of zoology and botany garden. Changchun municipal government has planned to allocate special funds for tree planting and infrastructure construction. In 1949, the Changchun Municipal People's government organized the garden workers to clean up the animal and botanical garden, clear the dead and dead trees, fill the trenches, remove the blockhouses, and together with the professional personnel, completely cleared the ammunition left by the Kuomintang troops and the mines laid. At that time, there were only 8 to 9 families' houses in the northern part of the Zoological and botanical garden, and more than 10 other houses could not be used because they were demolished. In the same year, under the leadership of Changchun agricultural branch, some of the remaining houses were repaired and a breeding farm was established in the park, with more than 20 breeding pigs, 3 cows and 1 breeding horse. In the spring of 1950, as a green space, the animal and botanical garden was managed by Changchun landscape engineering team, and 20000 seedlings of Fraxinus mandshurica and elm were planted in the garden.

In 1957, Changchun Urban Construction Bureau appropriated special funds to build more than 3800 meters of garden walls, nearly 1000 square meters of flower greenhouses and some garden roads.

In 1960, the botanical garden was established. According to the working principle of "botanical garden", 105 species and 3117 trees were planted successively. In 1965, 100 Pinus densiflora (Pinus elliottii) were introduced from Changbai Mountain. Due to strengthening technical measures and proper management, the survival rate reached 100%. From 1966 to 1973, the botanical garden was jointly managed by Changchun landscape engineering team and Changchun greening team (separated from Changchun landscape engineering team). It became a pasture for cattle and sheep.

In 1965, Nanling botanical garden was established by the administrative organ. In March 1973, the name of "botanical garden" was restored. Since 1973, it has been planned to cut down all kinds of poplar, willow and elm (part of willow and elm are reserved). From 1973 to 1981, more than 500 deer (including more than 20 red deer and more than 20 hybrid deer) were raised in the park. In 1982, it was changed to captivity.

Changchun zoo period

In 1974, the botanical garden was renamed Changchun zoo. After 1977, in addition to the construction of five small animal houses (wolf, fox, etc.), a water pipeline (from the East Main Ring Road to the park artificial lake) was also built. No other restoration was carried out.

During this period, there were two outstanding tasks: first, great achievements were made in plant gardening and tree protection. At that time, 118 kinds of trees and more than 30000 trees were planted, and now they have been closed into forests. Among them, Pinus sylvestris var. mairei grows magnificently; in addition, Pinus psammophila, Picea koraiensis, Platycladus orientalis and other large-scale planting increase the landscape. Another achievement is to build the first Clivia base in Changchun, which has contributed to the breeding and production of Clivia. From 1977 to 1983, more than 60000 Clivia plants were produced. Xie Chengyuan, director of Changchun zoo, and other comrades published books and papers on Clivia cultivation techniques.

Animal and botanical garden construction period

With the development of Changchun construction and the improvement of people's living standards, the people of the whole city are calling for the development and construction of Changchun zoo as "Changchun zoological and Botanical Garden" more and more strongly. Changchun People's Congress has also put on record many times to discuss the construction of Zoological and Botanical Garden.

In 1981, Xie Chengyuan, director of Changchun zoo, combined with the National Zoo planning (national level, regional level and provincial capital level), revised the planning of "Changchun zoological and Botanical Garden" (the planning absorbed the experience at home and abroad, visited the staff, keepers and planning technicians of "Xinjing zoological and Botanical Garden" in puppet Manchuria, combined with the terrain). Domestic zoo experts believe that the planning is scientific and belongs to the first-class level in China. In 1983, the government of Jilin Province approved the plan assignment of animal and Botanical Garden (jijijizi [82] No. 41). In 1984, Wang Jiatong, mayor of Changchun City, specially held an executive meeting of the government to discuss the construction plan of the animal and plant garden and approved the plan. It is planned to build the zoo into an animal and plant park with Changbai Mountain animal and plant characteristics in three phases (according to the national planning requirements for the zoo, that is, the zoo is mainly composed of local animals, with about 200 kinds of ornamental animals, and arranged from low to high according to the order of animal evolution. The animal museum fully embodies the idea that "the library is centralized, and the animal activity site is wide, which is conducive to animal reproduction It is convenient for visitors to watch and for breeding and management.

On May 1, 1985, Changchun municipal government issued the "notice on mobilizing social forces to raise funds for joint urban construction projects", in which the second project of six joint projects (Chang Fu [85] No. 108) was restored. On August 5, the general office of Changchun municipal government issued the notice on the establishment of the headquarters of Changchun construction animal and Botanical Garden (CFB [85] No. 125). According to the documents, the construction headquarters was established, under which the headquarters office was set up. The construction of Changchun animal and botanical garden has received great support from all walks of life. The Changchun Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League called on and mobilized the members of the Communist Youth League of the city's organs, enterprises and institutions to participate in voluntary labor. In mid August 1985, under the leadership of Xin lichen and Wang Dalin, the director of the Youth Work Department of the Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League, the prelude of the lake digging project was opened, with a total excavation volume of 42000 cubic meters

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Chun Dong Zhi Wu Gong Yuan