48 scenes of Jinling

The 48 scenes of Jinling are from Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It was during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty that Nanjing people joined this kind of chorus with pictures and chants. According to Gu Qiyuan's "visiting redundant words", Yu Menglin (Youfeng), who was the first one on the list, visited 20 places of interest in Jinling with his life. He wrote poems about them, and about Jiao? And Zhu Zhifan (Lanyu), who were the two number one scholars, sang with Gu Qiyuan, who was a flower explorer. His poems were collected into a collection called "yayou Pian", which was published in the world for a time. The 20 scenic spots selected by Yu are Zhongshan, Niushou mountain, Meihua Mountain, Yanziji, Linggu Temple, fenghuangtai, taoyedu, Yuhuatai, Fangshan, luoxinggang, xianhuayan, Mochou Lake, Qingliang temple, Hudong, changganli, Dongshan, Yecheng, Qixia Temple, Qingxi and Damo cave. Zhu Lanyu's prosperity is still not complete. He even "searched for records and got 40 scenes, belonging to Lu Shengshou and Bai Qijian's floating boat, bowing to the scene. The pictures are vivid and the outline is summarized. It's called Xiaoyin, which is a slang sentence." that's what Zhou Lianggong called "each scene is a picture, each picture is a record, and each record is a poem.". This "forty scenes" has become the blueprint for later generations to chant the scenery of Jinling. However, Lu Sheng's picture, which he drew by riding a donkey in a boat, is now unknown. The earliest "eight scenes of Jinling" still available today was also produced in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. It was painted by Guo Ren, a Jiangning painter in the 28th year of Wanli period (1600). It is now stored in Nanjing Museum. Guo only looked for eight sceneries, such as Zhongfu Xiangyun, Shicheng Ruixue, Longjiang night rain, Fengtai autumn moon, Bailu Qingbo, Wuyi Xizhao, Qinhuai fishing flute and Tianyin Qiaoge, to make a picture and a poem with seven rhythms. "Eight scenes of Jinling" is the name of later generations, so it is also possible that Guo Ren painted more landscapes, and only these eight paintings have been handed down.

48 scenes of Jinling

The 48 scenic spots in Jinling refer to the 48 representative scenic spots in the ancient capital Nanjing. Today, the 48 scenes of Jinling include the 48 scenes of ancient Jinling and the 48 scenes of new Jinling, which represent the cultural heritage of Nanjing in various periods.

The saying of 48 scenes of ancient Jinling began in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. After several generations of improvement, the famous scenery of Nanjing city was gradually selected. The painting of Qixia mountain was painted by Zhang Hong of Ming Dynasty. The ancient "48 scenes of Jinling" once flourished for a while, but some scenic spots disappeared in the development of the city. Although some scenic spots are still there, they are on the verge of decline.

Jinling Evening News has selected 48 new Jinling scenes in 2005 edition. The Publicity Department of the Nanjing municipal Party committee, the Nanjing Municipal Commission of housing and urban rural development, the Nanjing Municipal Bureau of tourism and landscape architecture, the Nanjing Metro Group, the Nanjing Municipal Planning Bureau and the Jinling Evening News selected 48 new Jinling scenic spots in 2012.

Historical development

A study of poems on the forty scenes of Jinling

The 48 scenes of Jinling are from Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It was during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty that Nanjing people joined this kind of chorus with pictures and chants. According to Gu Qiyuan's "visiting redundant words", Yu Menglin (Youfeng), who was the first one on the list, visited 20 places of interest in Jinling with his life. He wrote poems about them respectively, and asked Jiao and Zhu Zhifan (Lanyu) to sing together with Gu Qiyuan, who was a visiting flower. His poems were collected into a collection called "yayou Pian", which was published in the world for a time. The 20 scenic spots selected by Yu are Zhongshan, Niushou mountain, Meihua Mountain, Yanziji, Linggu Temple, fenghuangtai, taoyedu, Yuhuatai, Fangshan, luoxinggang, xianhuayan, Mochou Lake, Qingliang temple, Hudong, changganli, Dongshan, Yecheng, Qixia Temple, Qingxi and Damo cave. Zhu Lanyu's prosperity is still not complete. He even "searched for records and got 40 scenes, belonging to Lu Shengshou and Bai Qijian's floating boat, bowing to the scene. The pictures are vivid and the outline is summarized. It's called Xiaoyin, which is a slang sentence." that's what Zhou Lianggong called "each scene is a picture, each picture is a record, and each record is a poem.". This "forty scenes" has become the blueprint for later generations to chant the scenery of Jinling. However, Lu Sheng's picture, which he drew by riding a donkey in a boat, is now unknown.

Eight scenes of Jinling

The earliest "eight scenes of Jinling" still available today was also produced in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. It was painted by Guo Ren, a painter of Jiangning (now Nanjing) in the 28th year of Wanli period (1600). It is now stored in Nanjing Museum. Guo only chose "Zhongfu Xiangyun", "Shicheng Ruixue", "Longjiang night rain", "Fengtai Autumn Moon", "Bailu Qingbo", "Wuyi Xizhao" and "Qinling"

The eight sceneries, such as Huaiyu flute and Tianyin Qiaoge, are respectively painted with one picture and one poem with seven rhythms. "Eight scenes of Jinling" is the name of later generations, so it is also possible that Guo Ren painted more landscapes, and only these eight paintings have been handed down.

In 1981, the book "exhibition of Nanjing Museum of the people's Republic of China" recorded "eight scenes of Jinling", indicating that it was painted by Guo Ren of Ming Dynasty. Guo Ren, Hao Shui village, was a famous landscape painter in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Gu Qiyuan of the Ming Dynasty said in his "Hakka superfluous words" that he "wrote a large landscape, arranged and rendered, and had a method.". The volume of his "eight scenes of Jinling" was originally published in the book "the painting volume of Jinling family", which was written in 1622 ad, the second year of Tianqi. In 1634, Ming Dynasty painter Zhang Hong created a picture of Qixia mountain with the title of Qixia mountain, which truly depicts the style of Qixia mountain in Ming Dynasty. The whole picture is magnificent, with Qianfo rock as the main body, spreading a lush forest in depth. The picture of Mount Qixia is the only historical image of Mount Qixia in the Ming Dynasty. It is a national first-class cultural relic and is now stored in the Palace Museum in Taipei. In the Ming Dynasty, there was another painter Huang Kehui, named Kong Zhao, who was a native of wuyeshan. Huian people in Fujian Province also painted eight scenes of Jinling. There are six extant scenes, whose names are similar to those painted by Guo Ren.

Forty scenes of Jinling

At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Gao Cen, one of the "eight schools of Jinling", once again painted the forty scenes of Jinling. Zhou Lianggong wrote a postscript for this album, reviewing the process of "Jinling mountains and waters, eight scenes, ten scenes and forty scenes, all of which were painted by painters". Gao's group of Jinling scenery was later published in Kangxi's Jiangning Fu Zhi. Yu binshuo is Yu Danxin's son. He also has the charm of the former Ming Dynasty. In 1666, he "traveled around the mountains and rivers, sighed about the rise and fall of things, explored the wonders, searched for the hidden, poor and secluded, and wrote poems in different places. Yu's selection and arrangement of scenic spots are very interesting, starting from "old Nei", which is the residence of King Wu before Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, and finally "Da Ben Tang", which is used to teach the prince and the sons of princes and princes in the Palace Museum of the Ming Dynasty. It is the place to cultivate successors and the "Da Ben" of the country. So at that time, it was found that he was made in memory of the Ming Dynasty. In Zhou Liang's working procedure, he repeatedly emphasized that "the scenery is not different, the rivers and mountains are not changed", which is also full of the flavor of trying to cover up. This is an anomaly in the chanting of Jinling scenery. During the Jiaqing period, Chen Wenshu, a native of Qiantang, lived in Nanjing for more than a month and wrote more than 300 poems, involving nearly 300 ancient sites of Jinling. In 1875, Yi Shunding was elected to the imperial examination in the first year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu. He went northward to take the examination and passed through Nanjing. He rode a donkey in the snow and visited the relics of the Six Dynasties and the Southern Ming Dynasty. In one day, he wrote 20 poems of seven rhythms in Jinling zagan!

Jinling scenery painting poem

In 1753, the year before his death, Wu Jingzi, the author of scholars' unofficial history, wrote 23 Jinling scenery poems, recording Yecheng, Xinghua village, Yanziji, xiegongdun, etc. It can be seen from the notes before Wu's poems that his poems were written for pictures. This group of pictures was painted in the fifth year of Kangxi. The painter was a "Wang Shanren". Wu's understanding of this portrait is unknown to both the pictures and the people. Even this series of poems by Wu Jingzi only appeared on the sofa in 1956. It seems that there should not be only 23 poems, but 24 or 40. After several decades, Wu could see these pictures drawn by Wang Shanren. He wrote poems according to the pictures. In his notes, he introduced the location and origin of the landscape. His chanting was mostly about the scenery in front of his eyes, which involved nostalgia and generality. Not only did he not miss the previous dynasty, but also had the words of "praising the saints". The "adherents" can not be inherited. The adherents of the Ming Dynasty will be over by Yu binshuo's generation. Since then, the intellectuals have not experienced the pain of changing dynasties, so they do not have to sing for the ancients of the previous dynasty.

48 scenes of Jinling

During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the forty scenes of Jinling developed into the forty-eight scenes of Jinling. You can also see a picture album of 48 scenes of Jinling painted by Xu Shangtian, a native of Nanjing, which was published in 1910. In 1990, Nanjing old and used bookstore used to photocopy and sell it. The 48 sceneries listed in the list are: Mochou misty rain, praying for the deep pool, Yuhua saying, heaven beckoning, overlooking with emptiness, Yongji river current, Yanji sunset, Shiling Xiongguan, Shicheng Jixue, Zhongfu Qingyun, Longjiang night rain, Niushou haze, Zhenzhu surge, Beihu Yanliu, Dongshan Qiuyue, Hudong Mingxi, Yecheng Xishi, chishi pianji, Qingliang asking Buddha, Jiashan Wenjing, Xingcun selling wine and Taodu Linqing Liu, Qingxi Jiuqu, Fenghuang Sanshan, Damo ancient cave, Ganlu Jiating, Changgan hometown, Luzhou ershui, Hualong Lidi, Laiyan Mingtang, louhuai sunchu, taixiang Zhaoming, Changqiao Xuanshe, Sansu Mingya, Zutang Zhenxi, shogunate climbing, Baoen temple tower, Shenle Xiandu, Jilong Yunshu, Linggu Shensong, Qinhuai Yuchang, Tianyin Qiaoge, Shangbiao bieguan, xiegonggudun, Xianhua Qingxing The wind at the end of the wood is high, Qixia is beautiful and Xinggang is rockfall. Each picture has its own color

Chinese PinYin : Jin Ling Si Shi Ba Jing