Mingfan Mansion

In the middle of old Changsha City, the Ming Dynasty's Fanfu (also known as tanwangfu) was located. Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty granted the eighth son Zi as tanwang, and Emperor Yingzong granted the seventh son Jianjun as Jiwang. They were all in Changsha, which is called Fanfu. Jiwangfu was rebuilt in the former site of tanwangfu, formerly known as huangdianping. According to the local records, the Fanfu palace faces south, with zijintai as the back door, fanfuping archway as the front door, and the East and West archways as the left and right. Zijintai is today's Zijing street. According to the local chronicles, the fan mansion faces south, with zijintai as the back door, fanfuping archway as the front door, and the East and West archways as the left and right. Zijintai is now Zijing street. Fanfuping, also known as wangfuping, is located in today's Nanzheng street. The red archway is the archway of the front door of the former Fanfu. During the reign of King Ji, there were four doors in the imperial palace. From the octagonal pavilion at the gate of the imperial palace to the Imperial Palace, they were all within the Imperial Palace, so the whole city was almost occupied by seven or eight of the imperial palace. When the Qing army entered the pass, the Ming Dynasty's vassal mansion no longer existed, and Wanshou officials were built on the former site of the vassal mansion. The original two prefectures were converted into warehouses, and the rest became residential areas. Now the names of houfanfuping, fanchengdi, dongpailou and xipailou all originated from mingfanfu.

Mingfan Mansion

In the middle of old Changsha City, the Ming Dynasty's Fanfu (also known as tanwangfu) was located. Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty granted the eighth son Zi as tanwang, and Emperor Yingzong granted the seventh son Jianjun as Jiwang. They were all in Changsha, which is called Fanfu. Jiwangfu was rebuilt in the former site of tanwangfu, formerly known as huangdianping. According to the local records, the Fanfu palace faces south, with zijintai as the back door, fanfuping archway as the front door, and the East and West archways as the left and right. Zijintai is now Zijing street. Fanfuping, also known as wangfuping, is located in today's Nanzheng street. The red archway is the archway of the front door of the former Fanfu. During the reign of King Ji, there were four doors in the imperial palace. From the octagonal pavilion at the gate of the imperial palace to the Imperial Palace, they were all within the Imperial Palace, so the whole city was almost occupied by seven or eight of the imperial palace. When the Qing army entered the pass, the Ming Dynasty's vassal mansion no longer existed, and Wanshou officials were built on the former site of the vassal mansion. The original two prefectures were converted into warehouses, and the rest became residential areas. Now the names of houfanfuping, fanchengdi, dongpailou and xipailou all originated from mingfanfu.

Historical evolution

After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, once granted the princes as kings and set up Ping vassals all over the country. In 1370 (the third year of Hongwu), Zhu Zi, the eighth son, was granted the title of King Tan, and the first vassal palace was built in the middle of Changsha City. Since then, with the development of the Imperial Palace, the scale of the construction of the Imperial Palace has become larger and larger, which has become a wonder in the history of Changsha urban construction. In 1403 (the first year of Yongle), Chengzu moved his younger brother Zhu to Changsha, called him the king of valley, and built his palace. In 1425 (the first year of Hongxi), Renzong granted Zhanshan the title of Xiangwang and built xiangwangfu. In 1457 (the first year of Tianshun), Yingzong appointed Jianjun, the seventh son, as king Ji. Jiwangfu was rebuilt on the site of tanwangfu. This is the imperial palace. King Ji was only two years old. It was not until 1478 (the fourteenth year of Chenghua) that Changsha was officially ruled. At the beginning of the reign of Jifu, a large-scale renovation was carried out. The king of auspiciousness passed on to King Ding, King Duan, King Xuan and King Youdong. At the end of Ming Dynasty, Zhang Xianzhong led his troops into Changsha and burned King Ji's mansion, so all kings' mansions in Ming Dynasty were destroyed by fire. The nearby cottages also suffer from the fish in the pond. There are four gates in King Ji's mansion, namely Duanli gate, Ti Ren gate, Zunyi gate and Guangzhi gate. The Yi Wei Si yamen, which serves as the guard of honor, is called Si men's gate. On the right side, there is a wall to protect the palace from the flood of Xiangjiang River. The place names of Bajiaoting, Zoumalou, Fanzheng street and so on are all in the palace of the king of fan, where the king of Ji visited and stopped. In order to enjoy himself, he built a garden in his mansion. There are "Zijin Mountain" in the garden and Wanchun pond in Kaijun, which later became known as sifangtang. In those days, it was the place where people danced and sang. The city maps of Changsha and Shanhua in Ming Dynasty show that the palace of King Ji really accounts for more than half of the provincial capital. The "half city palace" is realistic, which can be a long sigh for thousands of years. When Zhang Xianzhong, a peasant uprising army, stormed Hunan, the seventh generation of King Ji fled in a panic. Then the Qing soldiers and cavalry went south, and the Ming dynasty fell. The palace of King Ji of Changsha, which existed for 167 years, collapsed like the autumn wind sweeping the leaves. At that time, Hong Chengchou, the Ming Dynasty's general, first removed the vassal mansion, regardless of the seal left by his old master. All the bricks and stones were taken to repair the city wall. Only the ruins stand in the dusk, as if still immersed in the prosperous dream. The descendants of King Ji, who suffered from social changes, took the word "Ji" and "Ji" as "Zhou" and sneaked into the folk. One of them, Zhou Dawu, who was originally a coal miner in Shijiawan, Ningxiang, later joined the Hunan army. He was known by Luo Bingzhang and Zuo Zongtang and served as the governor of Sichuan, Guizhou and Gansu successively with his military contributions. Later, Zhou Dawu bought the mouyuan garden in the north of Changsha as a resting place. It was the leading Suzhou style garden in the provincial capital at that time. After the founding of the Republic of China, his second son, Zhou Jiachun, submitted a genealogy to the Hunan Provincial Governor's office for approval to change his surname to Zhu Jianfan. Zhu Jianfan was a mellow Confucian, and he was willing to teach the world's talents. Later, he donated all his ecdysis garden to Zhounan women's middle school as a school building

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architectural composition

"Xiangcheng visit to ancient records" says: "the Ming Dynasty fan Di system, five palace three palace, set up mountains and rivers in the city, the city wall with four doors, the Hall Library and other rooms in Yan. There are eight hundred palaces and rooms in the total, so the capital of the province is a few vassal houses, accounting for seven or eight out of ten. " It is rare that the vassal government occupies such a large area in the city. The palace of Changsha in Ming Dynasty imitates the Palace Museum of Ming Dynasty in Beijing. There is also a forbidden city, which forms a city within the city of Changsha, and there are corresponding buildings outside the royal city.

Duanli gate

The royal city is similar to the Forbidden City of Beijing, which faces south. Taking the South Gate as the main gate, it is called Duanli gate. It means that you should dress properly and pay attention to etiquette when entering the king's city. It is located at the gate of the present division. The wall should be on the line from Fuhou street to Jiefang Road, from Sanxing street in the west to Yutang street in the East. Outside the south gate is the Yuhe River, which protects the city. There are three blue stone bridges on the river. In the early years of the Republic of China, there was also the place name of Qingshi bridge. When Jiefang Road was built, all the relics were annihilated, and the bridge no longer existed. Now there is only the place name of Qingshi street. Outside the south gate, on the west side of the gate, there is the Department of Yi and Wei. According to the preparation for anecdotes of Hunan Province, there are 3000-19000 bodyguards in the palace of the Ming Dynasty. This is the headquarters of the bodyguards of the palace of Changsha, which is located in the seat of the present Municipal Public Security Bureau. There is a large-scale building of Zhuqi across the street at the entrance of Sujia lane, which was still called hongpailou until the Republic of China. During the expansion of Huangxing Road in the early Republic of China, many round and square stone foundations were excavated here. The street to the South outside hongpailou is called Huangdao street. Passing hongpailou and then to the south is a big flat outside Wangfu at that time. At Dagu road lane, this place used to be called Wangfu Ping. The south of wangfuping is huangdaomen, the South Gate of Changsha City in Ming Dynasty. There is Shetan street outside the huangdaomen gate, which is the site of sheji altar where the Ming King worships heaven and earth. There is a large mound in the fashion of the Republic of China, which was leveled when Huangxing Road and labor square were built.

The north gate of Wangcheng is guangzhimen, which is on the south side of the intersection of Huangxing Road and Zhongshan Road. The north city wall is from Jixiang lane to Fuhou street, from Fancheng dike in the west to Wenyun street in the East. Outside the gate of Guangzhi, there is a large wooden archway built by Mingji Wang Shixiu, which is located near the post office on today's Zhongshan Road. The beams and columns of the archway are made of huge Phoebe, which is more than 10 meters high. The archway has four big characters "protect the country and protect the people", with a diameter of 2 meters. Until the Qing Dynasty, the archway was repaired repeatedly, and it was demolished in the first year of the Republic of China. In the north of the archway, the Youth Palace is now the fourth general's residence of King Ji of Ming Dynasty. Only king Chang Wen of Dehua and King Chang of Fuqing were appointed generals of King Ji of Ming Dynasty. They were first appointed as Zhenguo generals, and later added the title of king. The fourth general's residence is likely to be the residence of erchang. In 1978, a large number of big blue bricks were excavated in the youth palace. There are inscriptions on the bricks, which should be the remains of the residence. There is a brick Zhaobi in front of the fourth general's residence, which was demolished in the late Qing Dynasty, but now it still has the street name of the old Zhaobi. After the fourth general's residence is the garrison of the royal residence, in the area of today's Yingpan street.

Ti Ren men

The east gate of Wangcheng is Tiren gate, which is at the intersection of Shangde street and East archway. The east city wall is in the area from jinwenyun street to Shangde street, from Fuhou street in the north to Jiefang Road in the south. There is also a memorial archway outside the gate of Tiren, which is located in today's Baima lane and East memorial archway near the intersection of cai'e. it is said that the inscription on the memorial archway is "only this one person". Like the Donghua gate of the Forbidden City in Beijing, there is a long north-south street outside the archway, similar to the East Chang'an Street in Beijing. It is called Dongchang street, which is now cai'e middle road.

Zunyi gate

The west gate of Wangcheng, called Zunyi gate, is located at the intersection of Yaowang street and Santai street. The west city wall is in the area from fanchengdi to Santai street and Sanxing street, with Jixiang Lane in the north and Fuhou street in the south. Fanchengdi from Wuyi Road to Yandao street is also called wangchengdi, or zijindi. It is said that the northern end of this dike is now Yandao street, which used to be a water port, called luodangzi. It connects with Xiangjiang River, and ships can reach dixiajie here. Most of the houses in this area are suspended buildings. Because the city wall in this section has the function of flood control embankment, it is called Fan City embankment. There is xipailou outside Zunyi gate, which is about the intersection of Yaowang street and xipailou and Taiping Street. It is inscribed with the word "boundless longevity". In the early years of the Republic of China, there were two pairs of stone pillars with a height of more than 3 meters and a square of more than 60 cm. There is Xichang Street (including the present Taiping Street) outside the xipailou, which is equivalent to xichang'an street outside the Xihua gate of the Forbidden City in Beijing. In the middle of the street, there is Guanyin Temple of Wangfu, which is located at the intersection of May 1st of Xichang street. In front of the temple, there is an exquisitely carved stone square. The bronze statue of Guanyin in the temple is about 7 meters high, and there are also 18 iron statues of arhat. The temple was not destroyed until the Anti Japanese War, and the Buddha statue was moved to Fu Temple.

Carrier Hall

Within the Royal City, there is the hall of transportation in the center of the city, which is the main hall of King Ji's residence, at today's may day square. During the reign of King Ji Jian, Changsha Tong ordered Chen Gang to supervise the repair. In the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, it was changed into the Longevity Palace. In the early years of the Republic of China, the palace was still in existence. Although it was decadent, its red walls and yellow tiles were still very strong

Chinese PinYin : Ming Fan Fu