Huangcai reservoir

Huangcai reservoir, also known as Qingyang Lake (named for its location in qingyangpu, Guyi road from Changsha to Anhua), is located in the upstream of Qishui, a tributary of Xiangjiang River. The main dam site is located in tieshanli, 3.5km west of Huangcai Town, 52.5km away from Ningxiang County. The reservoir is a large (Ⅱ) water conservancy project with comprehensive benefits such as power generation, flood control and breeding. Huangcai reservoir is located in the upper reaches of Jishui River, the first tributary of Xiangjiang River. It is located in 111 ° 52'25 "- 112 ° 06'51" E and 28 ° 03'56-28 ° 09'47 n. The water area controlled by the reservoir is 240.8km2. The water flows northeastward above qianjinping and eastward 100-200m upstream of the dam site and extends to tanhe River 1.5km downstream. The width of the river at the dam site is 60m, the terrain on both banks is asymmetric, the relative elevation difference is 140m, the slope on the right bank is gentle, the slope is 28 ° and the mountain on the left bank is magnificent, the slope is 50-70 ° below the elevation of 137m, and 40 ° above the elevation. Zhushan'ao auxiliary dam is the southernmost building of the project, located on the low watershed of zhushan'ao, with the lowest elevation of 153.20m. The slope gradient of jingpoli auxiliary dam is 30 ° to 35 ° with the top elevation of 300m on the left side and 240m on the right side. The spillway is located at the shiniuchong pass, with a ground elevation of 159M. The slopes on both sides are 30-40 degrees. The right bank is connected with the auxiliary dam of zhushanao, and the left bank is connected with the right bank of jingpoli auxiliary dam. The flood flows into Jishui through a stream in Daping.

Huangcai reservoir

Huangcai reservoir, also known as Qingyang Lake (named for its location in qingyangpu, Guyi road from Changsha to Anhua), was built from the late 1950s to the middle 1960s. It is one of the earliest large II type comprehensive water conservancy projects in Hunan Province, and one of the three famous earth dam projects in China at that time. It is located in the upstream of Jishui, a tributary of Xiangjiang River. The main dam site is located in tieshanli, 3.5km west of Huangcai Town, with a distance to the East Ningxiang city is 52km away. The reservoir is a large (Ⅱ) water conservancy project with comprehensive benefits such as power generation, flood control and breeding. The project consists of main dam, auxiliary dam, spillway, water conveyance tunnel, power station and diversion dam. The reservoir has a confluence of 240.8 square kilometers, more than 12000 mu of water surface and 147 million cubic meters of water storage.

Reservoir area

Huangcai reservoir is located in the upper reaches of Jishui River, the first tributary of Xiangjiang River, at 111 ° 52'25 "- 112 ° 06'51" E and 28 ° 03'56 "- 28 ° 09'47" n. The basin area controlled by the reservoir is 240.8 square kilometers. The water flows northeastward above qianjinping and eastward 100-200m upstream of the dam site and extends to tanhe River 1.5km downstream. The width of the river at the dam site is 60m, the terrain on both banks is asymmetric, the relative elevation difference is 140m, the slope on the right bank is gentle, the slope is 28 ° and the mountain on the left bank is magnificent, the slope is 50-70 ° below the elevation of 137m, and 40 ° above the elevation.

Zhushan'ao auxiliary dam is the southernmost building of the project, located on the low watershed of zhushan'ao, with the lowest elevation of 153.20m. The slope gradient of jingpoli auxiliary dam is 30 ° to 35 ° with the top elevation of 300m on the left side and 240m on the right side. The spillway is located at the shiniuchong pass, with a ground elevation of 159M. The slopes on both sides are 30-40 degrees. The right bank is connected with the auxiliary dam of zhushanao, and the left bank is connected with the right bank of jingpoli auxiliary dam. The flood flows into Jishui through a stream in Daping.

natural environment

Geomorphology and geology

Huangcai reservoir and its surrounding areas are located in the northern part of Xuefengshan arc structure and the southern edge of Dongtinghu depression. Most of the exposed strata are Paleozoic paleo Kaoyan series, which have experienced the influence of Caledonian to Yanshanian multi-stage tectonic movement, and the folds and faults are complex.

The lithology of exposed strata in the area mainly includes Cambrian strata, Ordovician strata, Ordovician Silurian strata and Devonian strata. The Devonian strata are exposed near the dam site, with NE dip angle below 50 ° and angular unconformity contact with the former Silurian strata.

Red argillaceous siltstone and mudstone of Middle Cretaceous and tertiary are widely distributed in the downstream of the dam site. Granite porphyry and granodiorite banyan of late Yanshanian period are sporadically exposed in the reservoir area and the mountain top on the right bank of the dam.

In addition to the distribution of alluvial deposits on the riverbed and different terraces on both sides of the river, there are residual slope deposits of different thickness on the hillside, and there are also ground sliding deposits on the left bank of the spillway inlet and the left side of the third stilling basin.

The structures in the area are mainly characterized by nearly EW trending faults and folds. The representative structures are Jishui fault zone and jilunshan anticline. The groundwater type in the area is closely related to the lithology, geological structure and topography. The bedrock fissure phreatic water is mainly found in the clastic rock area where the bedrock is exposed, karst cave water is found in the limestone area, and fault confined water is also found in the granite area, but the flow is generally small and the flow is small It is supplied by precipitation, and pore phreatic water is used in loose sediment area.

The seismic basic crack of Huangcai reservoir dam site is less than VI degree, but it is in the edge zone of VI degree.

hydrometeor

Huangcai reservoir basin has mild climate, abundant rainfall, obvious dry and wet, and four distinct seasons. The average annual rainfall of the basin is 1461.3mm, and the rainfall is mainly concentrated from April to July. The annual average temperature is 16.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.7 ℃ (July 2, 1971), and the extreme minimum temperature is - 10.3 ℃ (February 9, 1972). The annual average water surface evaporation of the reservoir is 1370.1mm, and the maximum evaporation in July is 247.8mm, accounting for 18.09% of the whole year; the minimum evaporation in February is 42.9mm, accounting for only 3.13% of the whole year.

Characteristics of incoming water and sediment

Runoff: it is mainly formed by rainfall and unevenly distributed in the year. Rainfall is mainly concentrated from April to July, and the runoff from April to July accounts for 56.6% of the total annual runoff, with an average annual runoff of 183 million cubic meters.

Flood: since the construction of Huangcai reservoir, the measured maximum flood is 2100 m3 / S (August 1969), and the historical investigation maximum flood is 1080 m3 / S (1938).

Sediment: according to the watershed erosion modulus of 165 / km. Q2, the annual inflow of sediment is 397321 thousand tons, and the sediment mainly comes from the basin rainstorm erosion. Therefore, the amount of sediment coming from April to June is relatively large, accounting for 78.2% of the whole year.

Development objectives

Huangcai reservoir is a large-scale water conservancy project with comprehensive benefits of flood control, power generation, breeding, water supply, tourism and so on. After the completion of the reservoir and irrigation area project, the history of years of flooding and crops relying on nature in irrigation area has ended. As a large-scale irrigation area in China, Huangcai irrigation area has been responsible for nearly 400000 mu of farmland irrigation and 700000 people's production and living water supply in Heshan District, Ningxiang district and Wangcheng District of Yiyang City for many years.

control flood

According to the standard for classification and flood control of water conservancy and hydropower projects (SL252-2000) issued by the Ministry of water resources, Huangcai reservoir belongs to large (II) type project, and its main dam is earth dam. Once the accident happens, it will directly threaten the downstream population of nearly one million, 640000 Mu farmland, Ningxiang city with 200000 population and eight small towns, and will interrupt and destroy the Luokan railway, the Shiyan railway, the Changchang Expressway and the 319 National Highway Road and other traffic arteries. The flood control standard of the reservoir project is designed once every 100 years and checked once every 2000 years.

electricity generation

The project includes a hydropower station with a total installed capacity of 4720kw (2 * 1560kw + 1600kw) and an annual generating capacity of 12.88 million kwh, which has been incorporated into the central Hunan power grid.

breed

Huangcai reservoir covers a total area of 12000 mu, of which 7000 Mu is used for aquaculture. Silver carp and bighead carp are the main aquaculture species. There are many wild mandarin fish and mullet. The reservoir is surrounded by mountains on all sides. The mountains are rich in vegetation, which provides rich food for aquaculture. The annual output of fresh fish in the reservoir is more than 300000 Jin.

irrigation

Huangcai reservoir is a large-scale irrigation project. The original designed irrigation area is 35 It irrigates 342 villages in 23 townships of Ningxiang, Yiyang and Wangcheng, including 18 townships of Ningxiang City, 3 townships of Yiyang County and 2 townships of Wangcheng district. Huangcai irrigation area includes 22913 mu of high irrigation area, 12349 mu of low irrigation area and 6982 mu of lift irrigation area, with an actual irrigation area of 32405 mu.

Tourism development

Huangcai is the hometown of bronze culture in southern China, where Siyang fangzun was unearthed. Around the reservoir are the tombs of famous song dynasty generals Zhang Jun and Zhang SWA, Buddhist master Lingyou sitting tower, Tang Dynasty monk Qiji's nunnery, and the tomb of the founder of the Republic of justice Xie Jueya. Ningxiang Municipal People's government has signed a tourism development contract of Qingyang lake with Hunan Taiyu group by packaging and developing Qingyang lake, Weishan and Qianfo cave as a whole. The total investment of the project is 250 million yuan. Now the first phase of the project is being implemented. The construction projects mainly include Yacht Club, reception center, Qingtong Culture Museum, conference center, amusement center, etc.

Reservoir characteristics

Huangcai reservoir is distributed from northwest to Southeast, with dead water level of 151.07m, corresponding storage capacity of 24 million cubic meters, normal water level of 166m and profitable storage capacity of 126 million cubic meters

Chinese PinYin : Huang Cai Shui Ku