Calyx building

Huacalyx building is located in Lianfeng village, Dadong Town, Dapu County, 45 kilometers away from the county seat. It was built in 1608, A.D. Calyx building covers an area of 2300 square meters, with a construction area of 2286 square meters. It is a circular building with civil structure. There are three rings, the inner ring is 30 rooms on the first floor, the second ring is 60 rooms on the second floor, and the outer ring is 120 rooms on the third floor, with a total of 210 rooms. The height of the building is 11.9 meters, the wall of the building is rammed with raw soil, and the bottom floor is 2 meters wide. The top floor is 1.3 meters wide, with wooden beams and grey tiles. There are no windows on the first floor of the building. On the walls of the second and third floors, there are small holes inside and large triangular holes outside. The whole building has only one gate for access. The gate frame is made of thick and wide granite slabs, and the gate plates are nailed with thick iron sheets. These door and window facilities are specially designed to resist the invasion of outsiders. There is a round patio with an area of 283.4 square meters, which is paved with pebbles of different sizes. In the center of the building is decorated with an ancient coin pattern with a diameter of 3 meters, implying people's desire to have enough food and clothing. There is an old well on one side of the patio, which is used for fire prevention and daily life. There are also rice hulls, pestles and other common living facilities in the building. The whole Tulou has reasonable layout, ventilation and lighting, warm in winter and cool in summer. Now there are more than ten families surnamed Lin living in the Tulou. How was it built? Where does the capital come from? Let me tell you a local legend: it is said that the calyx tower was built by Yuanyu Gong, the fifth generation ancestor of the surname Lin. at that time, Yuanyu Gong's family was poor, and he lived in a cave on Shitou mountain to shelter himself from the wind and rain. He traveled to Fujian, Jiangxi and Rao all the year round, living on salt and lime. Yuanyu is honest and honest, upright and forthright. Although his family is poor, he often helps those who are even poorer, which has won the reputation of his neighbors. It is said that one day, Yuanyu took lime to Raoping and went home. He felt very sleepy. Before he had eaten and undressed, she fell asleep. In her sleep, she seemed to see Guanyin lady sitting in the lotus seat, driving Xiangyun, leading three white horses to him. After smiling at him, she disappeared. When he woke up, he felt very strange and went to look around the cave. As a result, she found three big jars of silver, so he went to the cave So he built this Tuwei building with this silver, and brought all the villagers who had no houses to live here. Because the round building was shaped like calyx, it was also named calyx building because it meant brothers and neighbors loved each other. Later, people said that this is the merciful goddess Guanyin, who sympathizes with the suffering of the human world and has built this house for them. In order to feel his kindness, up to now, there is a lotus statue of Goddess Guanyin in the stone cave on Shitou mountain. People of the surname Lin go to worship every Spring Festival. Huacalyx building, with its exquisite design and unique structure, shows the Hakka people's life philosophy of completeness, unity, average and equality. It is the largest, most exquisitely designed and best preserved ancient residential building in Tuwei building in Guangdong Province. It is a wonder of residential buildings in the world. In December 1992, CCTV produced the "Chinese people making lantern festival" in the building; in April 1993, Guangzhou TV produced the "Hakka people" feature film in the building; in January 1999, CCTV and China National Film and Television Corporation produced the eight episode TV series "sister-in-law" in the building; in October 2000, the Hakka Tulou thousand people tea party was successfully held here. Recently, Guo Zhan, Secretary General of the Department of cultural relics protection of the State Administration of cultural relics and the China International Council of monuments and sites, visited the building and found that it met the requirements for world cultural heritage declaration. At present, Dapu county is actively preparing relevant materials to declare world cultural heritage to UNESCO. 2、 The famous building in Tang Dynasty got its name because of the inscription of "the building with flower calyx". Emperor Ming of the Tang dynasty built the west side of the palace to enjoy with his brothers. In the Tang Dynasty, poems are often chanted. On the one hand, it is integrated with the "diligence building", on the other hand, it is two buildings built at the same time.

Lianfeng calyx building

synonym

Calyx building (calyx building, Dadong Town, Dapu County, Guangdong Province) generally refers to Lianfeng calyx building

Lianfeng calyx building, also known as calyx building, is located in Lianfeng village, Dadong Town, Dapu County, Guangdong Province,

It was built in the 36th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1608), with a history of nearly 400 years. Because the round building looks like a calyx, and takes the meaning of love between brothers and neighbors in the countryside, it is named "calyx building".

Lianfeng calyx building covers an area of 2300 square meters, with a construction area of 2286 square meters. It is a circular building with civil structure, with a total of three rings. There are 30 rooms on the first floor of the inner ring, 60 rooms on the second floor of the second ring and 120 rooms on the third floor of the outer ring, with a height of 11.9 meters.

Lianfeng calyx building is exquisitely designed and has a unique structure, which shows the Hakka people's life philosophy of completeness, unity, average and equality. It is of certain significance for the study of ancient Hakka residential architecture art and Hakka folk custom.

In July 2002, Lianfeng calyx building was listed in the fourth batch of Guangdong provincial cultural relics protection units.

On October 7, 2019, Lianfeng calyx building was approved as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units of ancient architecture by the State Council.

Historical evolution

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Lin Yuanyu, the fifth generation ancestor of the surname Lin, was poor in family and clothes. In order to shelter himself from the wind and rain, he boarded in a stone cave on Shitou mountain and traveled to Fujian, Jiangxi and Rao all the year round, living on salt and lime. It is said that Lin Yuanyu accidentally got three large pots of silver in front of Guanyin temple on shitoushan nearby.

In 1608, Lin Yuanyu began to build Lianfeng calyx building. After Lin Yuanyu built Tuwei building, he took over all the villagers who had no house to live in. Because the round building was shaped like a calyx, it was also named "calyx building" because of the love between brothers and neighbors in the countryside.

In 2001, Lianfeng calyx building and Tai'an building in Tai'an, tai'pu declared world cultural heritage together.

In 2002, Lianfeng calyx building collapsed in a large area. Then, the people's Government of Dapu County invited Xu Songsheng, the representative inheritor of Hakka Earth Building construction skills, a national intangible cultural heritage project, to repair Lianfeng calyx building.

In 2015, the people's Government of Dapu county invested more than 15 million yuan in the renovation of Lianfeng calyx building, Tai'an building, zhonghandi building, Gongchen building and other characteristic dwellings and celebrity houses.

In 2016, Meizhou municipal Party committee and municipal government raised 14 million yuan for the city's cultural relics protection and maintenance. Tai'an building, Lianfeng calyx building, rongludi, enyuandi, Shizhai Tulou, former residence of Xie Jinyuan, former residence of Zhang Bishi, Meizhou academy, Xingning academy and other units in Dapu have been repaired to restore their historical features.

Architectural features

The architecture of Lianfeng calyx building draws lessons from the architectural style of Beijing siheyuan. Lianfeng calyx building is in the shape of eight trigrams. The overall structure is like a peeled orange, big outside and small inside, with double rings. Lianfeng calyx building covers an area of 2300 square meters, with a construction area of 2286 square meters. It is a circular building with civil structure. There are three rings and 210 rooms. The inner ring has 30 rooms on the first floor, the second ring has 60 rooms on the second floor, and the outer ring has 120 rooms on the third floor. The height of the building is 11.9 meters. The wall of the building is rammed with raw soil. The bottom floor is 2 meters wide and the top floor is 1.3 meters wide. The top of the building is made of wooden beams and grey tiles. The inner and outer rings cover each other, the inner is low and the outer is high.

There are no windows on the first floor of Lianfeng calyx building. On the walls of the second and third floors, there are small holes inside and large triangular holes outside. The whole building has only one gate for access. The gate frame is made of thick and wide granite slabs, and the gate plates are nailed with thick iron sheets. These doors and windows are specially designed to resist the invasion of outsiders.

The whole earth building has reasonable layout, ventilation and lighting, warm in winter and cool in summer.

The internal structure of Lianfeng calyx building is "one staircase and one household", each household is divided into three floors, and each household is connected through the corridor on the third floor. Like most earth buildings, Lianfeng calyx building did not adopt the basic lighting and ventilation design of traditional residential buildings, but focused on self-protection.

Cultural relics

The gate of Lianfeng calyx building is arched, with two lanterns hanging above. In the middle of the two lanterns, the words "calyx building" are written in blue ink. On the left and right sides, there is a pair of couplets with black characters on a red background, which says: the flowers are blooming and the calyx is blue. In ancient times, "brothers both Xi, that calyx phase Hui, brothers Lianfang, that Tangdi Jingxiu.". The name of calyx means brother's blind date and neighbor's love.

In Lianfeng calyx building, there is a round patio with an area of 283.4 square meters, which is paved with cobbles of different sizes. In the center is decorated with an ancient coin pattern with a diameter of 3 meters, implying people's desire to have enough food and clothing. There is an old well on one side of the patio, which is used for fire prevention and daily life. The center of the patio is decorated with an ancient coin pattern with a diameter of 3 meters. The pattern and the drainage ditch in the patio form a "Nine" figure, implying that water is the source of life, and the water inlet and the drainage ditch form a "Nine" figure, which symbolizes a long and endless life. There are also rice hulls, pestles and other common living facilities in the building.

Cultural Activity

Legend allusion

According to legend, Lianfeng calyx building was built by Lin Yuanyu, the fifth generation ancestor of the surname Lin. At that time, Lin Yuanyu's family was poor, and he lived in a cave on Shitou mountain for shelter from the wind and rain. He traveled to Fujian, Jiangxi and Rao all the year round, living on salt and lime. Yuanyu is honest and honest, upright and forthright. Although his family is poor, he often helps those who are even poorer, which has won the reputation of his neighbors.

Chinese PinYin : Hua E Lou