Stone pagoda of lingjiu Temple

Lingjiu Temple Pagoda was built during the Jiading period of the Southern Song Dynasty and is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The stone pagoda is more than four meters high, with a hexagonal plane, a Buddha statue in the middle, and stone carvings on the side. There are inscriptions on the body of the pagoda. Now the stone pagoda is located in the Wanxiang Mountain Park in Lishui City. There are four stone pagodas, and the second one is well preserved.

Stone pagoda of lingjiu Temple

The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is located in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. It was built in Jiading period of Southern Song Dynasty. Now it is located in Wanxiang Mountain Park of Lishui City. It is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The stone pagoda is more than four meters high. Its plane is hexagonal. The body of the pagoda is oval. It has inscriptions to study. It is hollow and decorated with Buddha statues. The side is decorated with stone carvings. The body of the pagoda has inscriptions to study. Now the stone pagoda is located in wanxiangshan Park, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. There are four pagodas in it. The No.2 pagoda is well preserved. It is a cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. In October 2019, it was approved as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

brief introduction

Lingjiu temple stone pagoda (provincial cultural relics protection unit) date: Southern Song Dynasty

Date of publication: December 12, 1989

The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is located in Wanxiang mountain in the west of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. It was moved to Qianxi mountain in the suburb of Yunhe County in 1959 due to the construction of water conservancy project. It was transported back to Lishui in 1980 and placed in Wanxiang mountain in the west of the city. There are four stone pagodas, three of which were built in 1216 and the other in 1218. The four pagodas are of single eaves and imitated wood structure, with the same style, shape and scale. One of them is well preserved. The plane of the tower is hexagonal, with xumizuo and round drum shaped body. The whole tower is exquisitely carved. It's a very beautiful place.

Architecture

The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is located at the south foot of Wanxiang Mountain Park in the city. The stone pagoda was built in the Jiading period of the Southern Song Dynasty, with a total of four pagodas. It was originally in front of lingjiu temple. There are 4 blocks in total, which are numbered 1-4 from south to north. The appearance and structure are roughly the same. 1. The brake of No.2 and No.4 towers are damaged, and No.3 tower is relatively complete, with a height of 4.2m and a top height of 2.0m. The whole tower consists of three parts: tower base, tower body and tower top. The base of the pagoda is hexagonal, xumizuo, the body of the pagoda is oval, the body of the pagoda has inscriptions to study, hollow. The stone pagoda is hexagonal, which consists of three parts: base, body and top. The sculptures of base, tower body, lotus petals, peony, chrysanthemum, lion, elephant, Bodhisattva and Vajra have distinctive characteristics of the times. The top of the tower is covered with hexagonal eaves. The eaves come out of rafters and tiles, and the Tasha is a quintuple wheel. Each tower is inscribed with the inscriptions of "made in the ninth year of Jiading (1216 AD) and the eleventh year of Jiading (1218 AD)". A small part of its structure and carving still retains the style of the Tang Dynasty. It was originally in lingjiu mountain, 10km to the east of Lishui City. In 1959, it was moved to Qianxi mountain in the suburb of Yunhe County. In 1980, it was moved to the present site. The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is of great academic value for the study of the shape and carving style of song pagoda.

characteristic

Tombstone

The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple was announced as the third batch of provincial cultural relics protection units by Zhejiang Provincial People's Government on December 12, 1989. It was originally in lingjiu mountain, 10km to the east of Lishui City. In 1959, it was moved to Qianxi mountain in the suburb of Yunhe County. In 1980, it was moved to the present site. The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple has a unique architectural style. After more than 800 years, it is still the same as the old one and stands without inclination. After investigation and confirmation by experts and scholars, this pagoda is a rare product in China. It is a precious object for the study of Chinese ancient pagoda history, architectural culture and Buddhist art. The stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is carved with stone. It has a simple shape and a precise date. It is one of the precious examples of Buddhist architecture in Song Dynasty. It has a high historical, scientific and artistic value. The stone pagoda of lingjiu Temple retains the relic of "Tomb pagoda".

Stone

The use of stone is not the strong point of traditional Chinese architecture, but because of the nature of stone itself is very suitable for the construction of high tower, so in the tower with stone as the main material is not a few. Most of the stone pagodas are small ones in volume, and most of them are wooden ones in use. The common stone pagodas are Jingchuang pagoda, baoxiyin pagoda, Duobao pagoda, Fubo pagoda, small dense eaves pagoda and pavilion pagoda. Only a few stone pagodas are large in size, so building such a stone pagoda requires relatively high construction technology and skills. Some of these stone towers use big stone blocks, some use big stone strips or big stone slabs, and most of them use smaller stone bricks. They are built according to the building style of brick towers, and most of them imitate wood structure in load-bearing structure. Because there are great differences between stone and wood in material properties, the former has poor pressure resistance and elasticity, while the latter has good elasticity but weak load-bearing capacity, so the stone tower with wood structure is large Most of them can not give full play to the advantages of stone properties, so the development of stone pagodas is limited to a certain extent. In the Song Dynasty, when the construction technology and mechanical equipment were not very developed, the stone pagoda of lingjiu temple, with its unique shape and the carving and building of difficult and valuable stone materials, survived nearly a thousand years of wind and rain, so that people can observe and study the significance of its existence.

Ancient simplicity

From the four existing pagodas of lingjiu temple, we can see that these cultural relics of nearly one thousand years are simple in shape and slightly rough. The shape of the pagoda is very special, which is very different from the hierarchical pagoda. The carved patterns are arranged around the tower in the form of a large censer. In terms of the layout of the pagodas, the song pagoda has undergone great changes compared with the Tang pagoda. In the Tang Dynasty, the pagoda is the core part of the temple, and most of them are built in the front yard of the temple. In the Song Dynasty, the core position of the temple is replaced by the main hall, and most of the pagodas are located in the back yard or on both sides of the main hall. Most of the pagodas in Song Dynasty are Pavilion style pagodas, or pavilion style pagodas with dense eaves outside; in addition, about 20% of the pagodas are statue style pagodas, treasure chest seal style pagodas, seamless pagodas, multi pagodas and other forms of pagodas. The plane of song pagoda is mostly octagonal or hexagonal, occasionally with quadrilateral, which has a sharp contrast with the stereotyped and dignified quadrilateral of Tang pagoda, but such simple stone pagoda as lingjiu temple stone pagoda is rare in Song pagoda modeling.

significance

Tower, originally refers to the placement of Buddha relic and other objects, while the stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is constructed with whole stone, which shows the sincere heart to Buddha in the religious sense. The tower is hollow, with statues of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. According to records, the elder Xuda once asked for the hair of the Buddha and raised it from the pagoda. After the death of the Buddha, there were eight countries, such as the kingdom of bopo, which offered eight Buddhist relics to the pagodas. "Monk only law" says: "if a person in a hundred thousand gold Bush others, the merits and virtues, not as good as a kind heart, salute the merits and virtues of the pagoda." In "all Tathagata heart secret whole body relic treasure chest printed toroni Sutra", Sakyamuni Buddha said: if all living beings can be provided in this tower with one incense and one flower. Even the felony of life and death accumulated in the 8 billion years of plunder can be eliminated for a while, and can avoid disaster in life, and can be incarnated in Buddhism in death. Lingjiu temple stone pagoda with its unique simplicity solemnly witnessed the spread of Buddhist culture in China, its historical and religious significance are very research-oriented.

Ancient Indian Buddhist pagodas were introduced into China with Buddhism in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and then quickly combined with China's native pavilions to form China's Pavilion style pagodas. Later, because the wood structure is perishable and easy to burn, according to the form of Pavilion tower, the close eaves tower evolved. In the long history, it has been translated as "stupa (Sanskrit)", "Buddha (Sanskrit)", "thupo (Pali)" and so on. It has also been translated as "fangfen" and "Yuanzhong". With the wide spread of Buddhism in China, it was not until the Sui and Tang Dynasties that translators created the word "Ta", which is still used as a unified translation. Therefore, the stone pagoda of lingjiu temple is in an important period in the development of Chinese pagoda culture, which represents the unique art of Chinese pagoda in the evolution and development, and has important research value.

protect

Scope of protection: lingjiu temple stone pagoda stone pagoda, stone pagoda base and the surrounding area of the stone pagoda. The four stone pagodas are connected to form an oblique rectangle from southwest to northeast. The northeast side is 10 meters outward, the northwest side is 10 meters outward, the southeast side is 10 meters outward, and the southwest side is 5 meters outward.

Construction control zone: Based on the red line area, the Northeast extension is 30 meters, the southeast extension is 30 meters, the South extension is to the garden wall of the city garden, the southwest extension is to the national standard survey stake 541, and the South and Southeast extension is to the garden wall of the city garden.

The specific protection work of lingjiu temple stone pagoda mainly includes the following measures:

1. Strengthen the legal consciousness of historical and cultural heritage protection. The protection of historical and cultural heritage, the promotion of urban quality, and the improvement of citizens' civilization, especially teenagers' literacy, are the requirements of promoting tourism development and implementing the national "cultural protection law" and the provincial "Regulations". We should make clear the historical responsibility and legal responsibility of cultural relics protection, and transform the legal concept of cultural relics protection into the practical action of cultural relics protection.

2. Formulate scientific protection plan. First, we should formulate and improve the overall plan for the protection of cultural relics. The second is to do a good job in the special protection planning of various cultural relics. The third is to link up with the urban master plan and the urban master plan to avoid "collision".

3. Strengthen the leadership of the protection of historical and cultural resources. To strengthen the leadership, first of all, we should give full play to the guiding and coordinating role of the Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Committee, especially in enhancing the awareness of "cultural protection" and forming the joint force of "cultural protection" work of the whole society. Secondly, the government should increase the investment in cultural protection, establish an investment mechanism with government investment as the main part and multi-party financing simultaneously. Thirdly, we should administer according to law and enlarge the calendar Finally, it is necessary to establish a legal system

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