Ritan Park

Ritan Park has the Ming Dynasty Ritan, located in the southeast of Chaoyang Gate in Beijing. It is the place where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to "the sun", the God of Ming Dynasty. Ritan Park has set up children's playground, fishing area and other entertainment projects open to visitors. It attracts a lot of tourists. The main landscapes are garden altar, West Tianmen, North Tianmen, shenku Shenchu, zaishan Pavilion, Jufu hall, frescoes for memorial day, southwest scenic spot, Quchi Shengchun, Yuxin garden, peony garden, elderly activity area, etc. The newly-built "Qinghui viewing the sun" scenic spot in the southeast and "Quchi Shengchun" scenic spot in the south. The west facing altar of Japan is a square platform made of white stone. There are three white stone star gates in the west, and one on each of the other three sides. It was the only way for emperors to worship the sun.

Ritan Park

Ritan Park is located in the southeast of Chaoyang Gate in Beijing, a national 3A tourist attraction. It used to be the place where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to the sun, the God of Ming Dynasty. After the founding of new China, the Beijing Municipal People's government decided to expand the Ritan to a park. On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Ritan was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units

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Historical evolution

The altar of Japan is also known as the altar of Korea, also known as the altar of Korea. It was originally built by Xiao Yingdi of the royal guards of the Ming Dynasty in May 1530

. To the west of the altar, a square platform is made of white stone. The altar surface is red glazed in Ming Dynasty to symbolize the sun. In Qing Dynasty, it is made of square brick. Around the wall (low wall), due to the West there are three white stone lattice gate, the other three sides of each one. Outside the west gate, there are burning furnaces and burying pools. In the East are the God storehouse, the God kitchen, the slaughter Pavilion and the bell tower. It was completed in March of the 10th year of Jiajing. The temple in the temple of Japan was completed in February 1626

. In the south, it was rebuilt in the northwest corner of the altar in 1742

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The sun altar was the place where the emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to the God of Daming (that is, the sun)

. "Tianfu Guangji" contains: "sacrifice with too strong, jade ceremony three offer, music seven play, dance eight Yi. A, C, Xu, Ren year, the emperor Pro sacrifice. The altar of the sun was officially used as a place for emperors to sacrifice the sun in the first year of Longqing in the Ming Dynasty (1567). After that, four emperors, Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty, Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, Jiaqing of Qing Dynasty and Daoguang of Qing Dynasty, went to the altar to offer sacrifices. The last time was Emperor Xuanzong of Qing Dynasty in 1843. Since then, the ritual of memorial day has been gradually abandoned, and the altar guards have been abolished, which has been out of control and disrepair for many years. From the Republic of China to the eve of liberation, the architecture in the altar was gradually dilapidated due to no management

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After the founding of new China, Beijing Municipal People's government decided to turn Ritan into a park. Planning and design began in 1955

In 1956, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of landscape architecture expropriated the surrounding land and expanded the park area to 206200 square meters

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During the first ten years of park construction, from 1956 to 1968, Ritan Park successively passed through the then four working areas of gardens, three maintenance stations of greening Department of municipal garden district, public transportation group of district reform committee, greening team of Chaoyang District, planning group of Chaoyang District, and Landscape Management Department of Chaoyang District Housing Construction Bureau. During this period, the Ritan Park Management Office was officially established in 1962

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On April 30, 1968, Zhou Enlai inspected Ritan Park. When he saw a 100 meter pit in the southwest of the park, surrounded by weeds, he said, "it's too desolate. We must build Ritan Park well." In mid July, Zhou Enlai visited Ritan Park again after attending the National Day reception of the Iraqi embassy.

In October 1969, the built Ritan Park began to receive tourists. Since then, more than one million tourists have visited the park every year.

In 1972, at the initiative of Zhou Enlai, 180 cherry trees were planted in Ritan Park, which were donated by Japanese people to Chinese people. In June 1974, the agriculture and forestry delegation of the Japanese government visited Ritan Park and was very happy with the good growth of Sakura in Dashan. In that year, Ritan Park exhibited 220 rare chrysanthemum varieties, 800 pots and 120000 visitors

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From 1978 to 1979, on the basis of widely listening to the opinions of relevant experts, leaders and the masses, according to the location and characteristics of the park, the overall planning of Ritan Park was formulated, and it was determined that Ritan Park should be oriented to Chinese and foreign tourists, and build an ancient royal garden with Chinese Temple style. It is necessary to maintain the solemnity and solemnity of the inner altar and build a Northern Style scenic spot in the outer altar. On the basis of protecting and repairing the ancient buildings, we should build new buildings coordinated with them. This master plan was officially approved by the then municipal and district leaders. So since the 1980s, the park has been built on a large scale

Year by year, it built peony garden, Qinghui Pavilion, Quchi Shengchun garden, "Memorial Day" murals, quaint "Yihe elegant residence", beautiful scenery and classical southwest scenic spots and galleries

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During the Spring Festival in 1991, Ritan Park held spring festival activities, including a variety of folk flower parties and folk activities.

On April 12, 1992, the Jiayin Cup tennis match was held in Ritan Park. Wan Li, Li Tieying and others took part in the match. On May 30, more than 60000 children took part in the June 1 tour of Ritan Park. From September 18 to October 4, the golden autumn garden party of Chinese national wedding performance was held in Ritan Park. Young men and women from 13 ethnic groups from all over the country performed various customs from engagement to marriage, attracting about 100000 visitors.

On April 11, 1993, a large-scale publicity activity on love and protection of birds was held in Ritan Park. On May 31, 25000 children took part in the June 1 tour of Ritan Park. From July 10 to August 10, the Art Lantern Festival of "welcoming the Seventh National Games and looking forward to the Olympic Games" was held in Ritan Park. 34 groups of colored lights and art lights are all over the park, and more than 100000 people visit

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In 1995, the Beijing municipal government and Chaoyang District government invested more than 2 million yuan to repair the tomb of the martyr Ma Jun, and donated money in Chaoyang District to create a bronze bust of the martyr Ma Jun. finally, a 200 square meter antique building, the martyr Ma Jun Memorial, was built. The tomb of martyr Ma Jun has become the first patriotism education base with a certain scale in Chaoyang District and the first patriotism education base at the municipal level

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In the 21st century, we pay more attention to the development of Park software while transforming the hardware facilities such as yuxinyuan, senior activity area, southwest scenic area and water circuit of the park. The park management office has established a series of management systems based on the standard of "standardization, standardization and scientization", and passed the certification of "IS09000" and "IS014000" for the first time in 2002. In 2002, the park was rated as one of the first batch of excellent parks in Beijing. In 2006, the park was promoted to the national key cultural relics protection unit.

In 2010, on the occasion of the 480th anniversary of the construction of Ritan, the park implemented the protective repair of ancient sacrificial buildings. The project involves seven ancient buildings, including the west gate, the north gate, the God storehouse, the slaughter Pavilion, and the sacrificial platform. The renovation project is the largest since the park was built

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Environmental layout

During the Jiajing period, the altar of Japan was the fourth place in the capital. The altar is square, facing west. One floor, five feet in length and width. It's five feet nine. The altar was decorated with red glaze and changed to gold brick in the Qing Dynasty. There were high steps on all sides, all of which were of white stone, nine steps each. The altar is surrounded by round low earth walls, 76 Zhang 5 feet in circumference, 8 feet 1 inch in height and 2 feet 3 inches in thickness. The inner and outer walls are red. There are three gates in the west, six stone pillars, one gate in the southeast and one gate in the north, and two stone pillars. The gate and its two side pillars are made of stone. The red gate has lattice eaves. There are two cooking pots and two stoves in the west gate of the low round wall. In the south of the west gate, there is a pit for burying sacrificial objects, and an iron stove. On the north side, there is a low round wall. To the east of the north gate, there are three rooms of shenku facing west, and three rooms of Shenchu facing south. They all have three steps on one side. There is a well Pavilion surrounded by red fences facing south. There is one floor of the wall and one door facing west. To the north, there are three kiosks with walls, one floor, one gate, and west facing. In the north of the north gate of the round low wall, there are sacrificial ware storehouse, musical instrument storehouse and Jing Jian storehouse with straw mat and brown mat, each with three eaves and ridges, all facing south. Outside the west gate of the round wall, there are three Fudian rooms in the north, five steps in the south, three rooms in the left and three rooms in the right, and three rooms in the East and West. There are three steps on one side and palace walls around. There are three gates, one on the left and one on the right, all facing south. Bell tower one, in the east of the hall of fufu.

The altar of Japan is surrounded by walls. The front of the altar wall is round (outer altar wall). The perimeter is 290 zhang5 feet. Both sides of the wall are inlaid with bricks. The west gate and the north gate have three rooms each. There are three palisade gates and one Zhaobi gate in the west of the west gate, one Zhaobi gate and one xijiaomen gate outside the north gate, and Jingsheng Street memorial archway in the northwest. There is a red fence in front of the square, 15 feet long. There is a section of wall on the left and right of the street. The outer wall is 382 zhang4 feet long from the west of the memorial archway to the southwest corner of the altar wall. East from the east of the memorial arch, to the northeast corner of the altar, the length is 312 zhang4 feet. One of the roads is from Jingsheng street to the south, then southeast to the north gate of the altar. From the south of the altar gate to the west, and then to the north, to the hall of fufu. Due south to shenlu. Tongyuan altar low wall, north gate, north to the sacrificial ware storehouse, from the sacrificial ware storehouse to the East, to the slaughter Pavilion, to the God storehouse, the altar walls of the buildings are covered with green glass, and the outer altar walls are covered with green glass

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Ritan Park is located at No.6 Ritan North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. It is located in the center of the first embassy district of Beijing

Chinese PinYin : Ri Tan Gong Yuan