Pingxiang Friendship Pass

On the border between China and Vietnam, it has a history of more than 2000 years. This is the place where the "great victory of zhennanguan" in the Sino French war and the "zhennanguan uprising", the only time that Sun Yat Sen personally directed and launched the first anti Qing artillery, took place. The main scenic spots are Zhenguan fort, Zhenbei fort and zero kilometer boundary monument. In Pingxiang County, you can taste Vietnamese flour and spring rolls. From here, you can travel with a group to Vietnam, or visit the Huashan fresco and the tetian waterfall on the same direction.

Pingxiang Friendship Pass

Pingxiang Friendship Pass is one of the top ten famous passes in China. On the left side of the building is the Zuobi mountain wall, and on the right side is the Youfu mountain wall, just like a giant python connecting the two mountains. Friendship Pass is located in the southwest of Pingxiang City, Guangxi Province. The terminal of national highway 322 passes through gongchengmen of friendship pass and connects with Vietnam highway. It is an important land passage and national first-class port leading to Vietnam, 18 km away from Pingxiang City.

Pingxiang has been an important border defense area in Southwest Guangxi since ancient times, while friendship pass is the largest and most important one on the border between China and Vietnam. It is located 18 kilometers southwest of Pingxiang City, with mountains standing on both sides. The situation is very dangerous and it is stuck in the canyon passage. It is a tower style building, with a height of 22 meters, a thick wall at the bottom and a round arched gate in the center, which is very magnificent. The three characters "Friendship Pass" inlaid on the arch were written by Marshal Chen Yi.

Friendship Pass was built in the Han Dynasty. It was named Yongming pass at first, then Jiling pass, Jieshou pass and Danan pass. In the Ming Dynasty, it was changed to Zhennan pass. After the founding of new China, it was renamed munanguan in 1953 with the approval of Premier Zhou Enlai. In 1965, it was renamed friendship pass with the approval of the State Council in order to show the deep friendship between the Chinese and Vietnamese people. In 1995, it was designated as the patriotic education base of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and in 1996, it was listed in the list of the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

In December 2017, it was selected into the list of the first batch of national primary and secondary school students' research and practice education bases and camps of the Ministry of education.

Development history

Friendship pass, once called zhennanguan in history, was built in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty. It is one of the ten famous passes in ancient China.

In August 1884, the French invading army invaded Beining, Liangshan and other places in Vietnam, and threatened China with force, so the Qing government had to declare war on France.

At the beginning of 1885, France sent more reinforcements and approached zhennanguan step by step. Pan Dingxin, the commander of the front line of the Qing army, fled. On February 23, the French invaders attacked zhennanguan. Yang Yuke, the general of the Qing army, led his troops to fight bravely on the precipices. However, under the superior firepower of the invaders, they suffered heavy casualties. At 5 p.m. that day, zhennanguan fell. The French invaders bombed zhennanguan and set up a wooden pillar on the ruins, which said in Chinese that "the gateway of Guangxi no longer exists", to provoke China. At this critical juncture, the people of all ethnic groups along the border of China took up arms one after another and took the initiative to cooperate with Su Yuanchun, a famous anti French general, in a fierce battle with the French army. After the recovery of zhennanguan, the indignant frontier soldiers and civilians demolished the stigma pillar and set up a wooden pillar with the words "we will use the heads of the French aggressors to rebuild our door" to express their determination to resist the foreign aggressors. On March 23, 1885, the French army, divided into three groups, once again invaded Zhennan pass on a large scale and made a direct attack on the pass in front of it. When the enemy rushed to the wall like a hungry wolf, Feng Zicai seized the opportunity and ordered his troops to rush out of the wall. The 70 year old veteran "wears straw sandals with short clothes and Japanese Swords. He leads the dagger team and shouts out. As soon as he jumps out of the wall, his sons Xianghua and Xiangrong jump out.". The whole army burst out of the city wall like a torrent of levees. For a moment, the sound of guns stopped, the smoke of gunpowder dispersed, the sound of metal collision and the cry of fighting resounded through the sky. With the cooperation of Su Yuanchun, Wang Xiaoqi, Chen Jia and other generals, after two days of fierce fighting, more than 1700 enemies were annihilated, hundreds of aggressors were captured alive, and a large number of guns and ammunition were seized. On March 25, 1885, Feng Zicai ordered a counterattack and commanded the troops to pursue after the victory. The French general division Nigri was seriously injured, and the other two senior French generals were captured alive. The great victory of zhennanguan turned the whole war situation between China and France, which was a great victory in modern Chinese history against foreign aggression. It dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the French aggressors and forced the downfall of the French cabinet of ruvary. However, the bewildered and cowardly Qing government handed over the fruits of victory to France and signed the "Paris armistice agreement" and "Sino French peace treaty", also known as the "Tianjin treaty", which wrote a humiliating page for the great victory of zhennanguan in the Sino French war.

On December 1, 1907, the zhennanguan uprising led by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the great forerunner of the democratic revolution, started in the North Fort of Jinjishan town. After a bloody battle with the Qing army for seven days and nights, he was forced to retreat because he ran out of ammunition and food. Although the uprising failed, it attacked the decadent and declining Qing government.

On December 20, 1939, the Japanese invaders occupied zhennanguan, burned down the building, and sent the three characters of "zhennanguan" to the emperor of Japan. After that, they robbed the stone banner of "the important town in southern Xinjiang", and zhennanguan was trampled by the invaders again. On August 15, 1945, the Chinese, American, British and French people won the great victory against fascism through arduous and heroic struggle. This proves that the Chinese nation will not give in.

On October 1, 1949, Chiang Kai Shek's reactionary rule was overthrown and the people's Republic of China was established. At 6:30 p.m. on December 11, the Chinese people's Liberation Army raised the "August 1" flag of the Chinese people's Liberation Army in this ancient building, marking the liberation of Guangxi.

In December 2017, it was selected into the list of the first batch of national primary and secondary school students' research and practice education bases and camps of the Ministry of education.

Display description

In the past, there was only one floor of wood structure corridor on the base of the building. In the reconstruction, the steel-concrete structure was used, and two floors of corridor were added, with an average of 80 square meters for each floor. The corridor is surrounded by large arched windows, the lattice of which is decorated with various patterns, and the exterior wall is covered with dark green stone rice, which is solemn and simple.

The first floor of the cloister displays the history of zhennanguan great victory, zhennanguan uprising and red flag inserted in zhennanguan in the form of pictures. The second floor is the meeting room for senior leaders of China and Vietnam. In the 1950s and 1960s, Premier Zhou Enlai had two cordial meetings here with President Ho Chi Minh, the leader of the Vietnamese people. The third floor is the exhibition hall of China's nine famous customs.

In the early days of the people's Republic of China, a pavilion was built on the city gate, with glazed tile roof, eaves, wooden columns and lattice windows.

In 1957, the Guangxi provincial government appropriated funds to rebuild guanlou. In 1965, it was rebuilt into an arched gate and a three story building, 22 meters high. The bottom floor is a stone tunnel arched gate. The road passes through the gate. The wall is thick, with tooth shaped battlements. The stone railings on both sides are exquisitely carved, and the door and window composition is exquisite. The three words "Friendship Pass" on the city gate are written by Chen Yi in thick and vigorous ink. Today, there are also ancient battlefields of the Sino French war and tombs of ten thousand people in the Qing Dynasty.

Historical witness

After the founding of new China, friendship pass has become an important channel for political, economic and cultural exchanges between China and Vietnam.

From the mid-1960s to the end of 1970s, China's materials for assisting the Vietnamese people to resist foreign aggression were continuously transported to Vietnam.

In the 1990s, the friendship pass once again became a bridge for friendly exchanges between the Chinese people and the Vietnamese people.

Friendship pass, an ancient and majestic building, has witnessed the Chinese nation's history of winning liberation and making great achievements in economic construction despite foreign invasion.

Friendship pass will always stand in the south of the motherland.

Tourism information

Pingxiang is 180 km away from Nanning City, 160 km away from Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, and Youyi pass is 18 km southwest of Pingxiang City.

1. Nanning Pingxiang

Train: there are two trains from Nanning to Pingxiang. One is Nanning Pingxiang train 5517, which departs at 7:58 a.m. and arrives at 12:00 p.m. with a ticket price of 30 yuan. The other is Nanning Pingxiang train 8511, which departs at 10:56 a.m. and arrives at Pingxiang north station at 16:19 p.m. (the north station is no longer used as a railway station, and now the only railway station in Pingxiang City is the South Station), and arrives at Pingxiang station at 16:25 p.m, The ticket price is 17 yuan. There is still some distance from the railway station to Pingxiang City. You can take the local 1 yuan tricycle to the city. When you return, you can take Pingxiang Nanning 5518 train, which leaves at Pingxiang station at 15:20 p.m. and arrives at Nanning at 19:40 p.m.

Highway: buses from Nanning bus station to Pingxiang run every hour from 8:00 to 20:30. You can take Pingxiang to Nanning long-distance bus on the return journey. It runs every hour from 7:00 to 20:00 in the morning. The ticket is 50 yuan and the one-way trip is 4.5 hours.

Pingxiang bus terminal address: Beida Road, Pingxiang City

2. Pingxiang friendship pass, there is no regular bus, you need to charter a car to go, the driving time is about 40 minutes, and the round trip cost about 40 ~ 60 yuan.

Address: Youyiguan scenic area on the Sino Vietnamese border in the south of Pingxiang City

Longitude: 106.71644590478

Latitude: 21.975386417481

Tel: 13517675398

Tour time: 2-4 hours

Transportation information: 1. Take a train or car to Pingxiang. Train: there are three trains from Nanning to Pingxiang, (1) 5517 (7:4)

Chinese PinYin : Ping Xiang You Yi Guan