nianbadu

Twenty eight capitals, a national famous historical and cultural town and the hometown of Chinese folk art, are the first market town from Fujian to Zhejiang. In ancient times, Sanpin guerrilla yamen was set up here. Its geographical location is very special. It is known as the "lock key of Fengxi". It has been built for more than 1000 years. When Zheng Chenggong was a child, he was in the army with his father. There are 36 well preserved and large-scale ancient buildings and halls in the town, and 11 public buildings such as Confucius Temple, Dawang temple, Longevity Palace and Wenchang Pavilion. The architectural style is diverse, integrating Zhejiang style, Hui style, Fujian style, Hakka style, western style, etc. it is exquisitely carved, carved beams and painted buildings, flying Pavilion and flowing elixir. With a population of more than 3600, the ancient town has 13 dialects and 142 surnames. The residents of the ancient town still guard the folk arts left by their ancestors, such as folk song, folk dance, dry boat running, lantern making, paper cutting, puppet drawing, stilt walking, stone skating and so on. Experts call it "rare in China, ranking first in Zhejiang Province" and "natural folk custom museum". Scholars call it "cultural enclave" and "a dream left in the mountains".

nianbadu

Located in Jiangshan, Zhejiang Province, 28 Du Town is a famous historical and cultural town. It is a writer's creation base in Zhejiang Province. It is located at the junction of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces. Historically, it is an important market town in the border region. It is known as "Fengxi lock key". Experts call it "cultural enclave", and scholars call it "a dream left in the mountains."

In 2007, 28du was listed as a famous historical and cultural town in China; in 2008, it was named as the hometown of Chinese folk culture and art (folk song).

On February 25, 2017, it was upgraded to a national 5A tourist attraction.

geographical position

25dadu town is located in the border of Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, with convenient transportation. National Highway 205 passes through the town. The town covers an area of 66.7 square kilometers and has a population of 10876. Compared with Zhouzhuang, Tongli, Wuzhen and other famous ancient towns, it is still hidden in the mountains, people do not know. It has a very different style from those ancient towns in Jiangnan, even with a bit of mystery. More than 1100 years ago, Huang Chao went south and opened up an ancient Xianxia Road in the high mountains between Zhejiang and Fujian. From then on, the 28 roads surrounded by passes and mountains have become a place for garrison troops to camp and a place for military strategists to fight. In the Qing Dynasty, the thousand year old road, which was mainly used for military purposes, gradually became an important business and tourism route. The ships going up the Qiantang River loaded cloth and daily necessities from Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the Qinghu Wharf in Jiangshan, and then turned to land, carrying the shoulder pole of the porter to Fujian and Jiangxi. Local products from Fujian and Jiangxi also had to be shipped to Qinghu and transported to Jinqu, Shanghai and Hangzhou. As the first transit station for goods in the past and a necessary transportation hub, 28du has rapidly become the most prosperous commercial port in the three provinces. In its heyday, shops, restaurants and inns of commercial banks were all over the cobblestone street. They were busy for hundreds of years.

There are many well preserved ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the town, belonging to the provincial historical and cultural protection area. In 2007, 28du was listed as a famous historical and cultural town in China; in 2008, it was named as the hometown of Chinese folk culture and art (folk song). The rich and colorful cultural landscape, simple and strong folk customs, and unique and profound cultural accumulation make the simple and elegant 28 capital town stand out in the encirclement of modern civilization. Many experts and scholars, as well as famous people both inside and outside the province, have been to the 28th capital and are full of praise for its ancient buildings, which are of great historical protection and tourism development value.

Introduction to scenic spots

25badu is 70 kilometers away from Jiangshan county. It is an old town. There are more than 800 households and more than 4000 people in the town. In the fourth year of Xining (1071) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jiangshan set up its capital 44, ranking 28th and named 28du, which has a history of more than 900 years. Due to less war in history, the style and features of ancient buildings in the town remain intact. According to statistics, there are 36 complete and large-scale houses and halls in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and 11 public buildings, including Confucius Temple, Dawang temple, Wenchang Pavilion, Wanshou Palace, zhenwuzhou, Zhongyi temple, Guanyin Pavilion, old Yamen and Xinxing society. Among these numerous temples, temples, palaces and palaces, Dawang temple is the largest and Confucius Temple is the most magnificent. The Confucius Temple was built in Xuantong period, covering an area of more than 1500 square meters. The overall layout along the central axis is Zhaobi gate, main gate, front hall, patio, main hall, patio and bedroom, with three entrances and three patios in total. The left and right wing rooms are connected by eaves and corridors. Structurally, the Ming room is of beam lifting type, and the side wall is of bucket type. The main hall is a two-story pavilion with double eaves on the top of the hill, and the eaves are overhanging on all sides, which is very tall and majestic. The building is characterized by exquisite wood carving art and rich color painting. All beams, beams, ridges, and ceilings are painted with moon landscapes, character stories, dragons, phoenixes, flowers, birds and other paintings. Geometric figures, corbel, sparrow, window sashes, and breast boards are all embossed or hollowed out. The theme is rich and the image is very vivid, just like a treasure house of art.

At the entrance of Zhennan village, there is Shuian bridge, a semicircular single hole stone arch bridge across Fengxi river. There are nine pavilions on the bridge, with double eaves at the top of Xieshan mountain. It was built in 1891. It is the only ancient bridge with ancient pavilions in Western Zhejiang.

The ancient dwellings in the town are not only numerous and well preserved, but also quite different from other dwellings in architectural style. In terms of layout, the terrain, environment and roadway are different, which are scattered and varied. The basic structure of the residence is a quadrangle courtyard with two entrances and one patio, and also a hall with three entrances and two patios. The hall in the house has its own courtyard, and the patterns on the doors and windows are rarely the same. The main station of the residence is of stone structure, and brick carvings are rarely seen in the gatehouse, which are mostly composed of exquisite wood carvings. The pavilion style of four pillars and three floors has a unique style.

The ancient town used to have four gates, East, West, North and south, but now it has only one stone gate in the south of the town. The book has "Fengxi lock key". A street runs parallel to the stream, winding for 1 km from north to south. On both sides are two-story shops and workshops, basically maintaining the style of a market town in the 19th century.

The buildings of 25dadu town are built on both sides of the ancient road, with a length of 1 km. In the north is Xunli street, mainly residential; in the south is Fengxi street, mainly business. In Tongzhi year of Qing Dynasty, the ancient town was at its peak, with more than 50 restaurants and more than 40 wholesalers. However, what is more striking is the bridges, temples, pavilions and other public buildings here. Shui'an bridge, a gallery bridge, is built across the Fengxi river. It shows different sides in the morning fog and the setting sun. It really kills us a lot of film. People who have been working all day and children who are tired of playing are resting on the corridor bridge, which adds to the beauty. Fengxi bridge is a typical stone arch bridge structure, which forms a quiet and lyric Chinese painting with the surrounding mercury temple. The rest, such as Huaqiao, only leave the place name empty, and the structure of the original bridge no longer exists.

The Dawang temple in the setting sun is the most beautiful. There are golden rice paddies in front of it, green mountains and blue sky behind it. The pink walls and Dai wa are shining in the sun. I can't help but be dazed. I turn around and look down on the 28 Du Town. He lies in the arms of the Xianxia mountains, and the smoke from the roof is scattered in the sunset.

There are two Wenchang pavilions, big and small. The big one is at the north end of the town, and the small one is at the south end of the town. The grandeur and delicacy of the two buildings are incomparable in the local area. Wenchang Pavilion is generally only available in the county government. It is a place dedicated to Emperor Wenchang and Kuixing. Although 28 people get rich by doing business, they can't get rid of the complex of "learning to be excellent is to be an official". Their wishes and dreams have already flown out of the mountains to Kyoto. So at the same time, they also left more than 300 colored paintings in the Liang, Fang and caisson of Da Wenchang Pavilion to inspire the future generations with "hanging the beam to stab the stock" and "returning home in rich clothes".

There are four big families in the ancient town: Cao, Jiang, Yang and Jin. They live around the clan and still have 36 complete ancient residential compound. Standing on the old street, the most distinctive feature is the lintel of every household. Lintels are mostly Pavilion style, which are composed of beams, beams, eaves, watchboards and curtain columns. Each part is decorated with fine wood carvings, and the themes are mostly mascots such as Fu Lu Shou, he he he Er Xian. The wooden lintel is in sharp contrast to the brick gate buildings in other parts of the south of the Yangtze River. People are attracted by the scenery when they walk on the old street. Looking at the Horsehead wall of Hui style, the ridge of Zhejiang style, the eaves of Jiangxi style, and the wall of Fujian style, the richness of its connotation is enough to amaze architects.

Twenty eight ancient capitals

Many people wonder what this ancient town is called "twenty eight capitals". Of course, it was not called Daocheng in the past. In the Song Dynasty, the capital was set up below the township, 44 in Jiangshan and 28 in Daocheng. In Jiangshan City, the place names of Sidu, Badu, 27du and 32du are still preserved.

"Hundred Surnames"

Because of the dangerous terrain, it was easy to defend and difficult to attack in the area of 28du. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was afraid that if the rebellion could not be sorted out, he would escort all the local villagers to other places, making them a place where "no one could find a way out and the driveway was blocked". Since the Huangchao uprising took two years to open up the Xianxia ancient road in the late Tang Dynasty and get through the transportation of the three provinces, it was not only a military hub, but also a day to cross the mountains and reach the 28th capital from Zhejiang to Fujian or from Fujian to Zhejiang. The service industry adapted to the past business and tourism flourished. By the Qing Dynasty, the whole country had been unified for a long time, and was surrounded by four passes, so it was rarely affected by the war and chaos. The business was prosperous and developed. At its peak, there were thousands of carrying poles every day

Chinese PinYin : Nian Ba Dou