Guanling Temple

Guanlingmiao village is located 3 kilometers northwest of Dangyang city. It is a famous cultural tourist spot of the Three Kingdoms. Located 3 kilometers northwest of Dangyang city, it is the mausoleum of Guan Yu, a great general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period.

Guanling Temple

Jiezhou Guandi ancestral temple, located in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, was founded at the end of Chen Dynasty and the beginning of Sui Dynasty. Later, the temple was expanded with the conferment of Guanyu by successive emperors. Up to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Guandi temples were almost all over the country. However, Jiezhou Guandi ancestral temple, because of its grand scale, special structure, rich decoration and complete layout, was ranked first in the country.

Distribution of Guanling Temple

There are three tombs of Guan Yu in China. The first is Guanyu's hometown, yiguanzhong in Jiezhou, Shanxi, which is called Guanmiao; the second is the thick burial place of Guanyu's head in Luoyang, Henan, which is called Guanlin; the third is dangyangguan mausoleum, which is custom-made according to the emperor's mausoleum, with a plaque of "awe inspiring China" given by Qianlong.

history

As the hometown of Guan Gong, the construction of Guandi temple in Jiezhou has a long history.

According to the relevant inscriptions, the Guandi temple in Jiezhou had been built as far back as the time of Chen and Sui dynasties.

From the song and Yuan Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the rising tide of beautification, sanctification and deification of Guan Gong, large-scale restoration, reconstruction and expansion of Guandi temple in Jiezhou were carried out many times.

In the late Qing Dynasty, the temple caught fire several times and suffered heavy losses, but it was restored and rebuilt in the Republic of China. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the people's government attached great importance to the ancient architectural community of Guandi temple in Jiezhou. It not only listed it as a national key cultural relic unit for protection, but also repeatedly allocated funds for the maintenance and restoration of the temple, which basically restored the original appearance of history.

In the starry sky of Hedong ancient celebrities, there is a dazzling star, which is particularly eye-catching. This is Guan Gong, who was honored as the "great emperor" and "wusheng" by later generations.

Guan Gong, surnamed Guan and named Yu, was born in 16O AD and died in 219 ad. he is a native of Changping village, Changping Township, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. It is said that since he was young, Guan Gong liked to read Zuo's spring and Autumn Annals and other Confucian classics.

When he was young, he went away because he fought against injustice and killed the local tyrants.

After meeting Liu Bei and Zhang Fei, he made an alliance with them and vowed to assist Liu Bei and help the Han Dynasty. After many years, he followed Liu Bei to destroy Dong Zhuo, break Yuan Shao, fight Lvbu, and retreat Cao Cao. He made many achievements and achieved the regime separation of Wei, Shu, and Wu. Later, he lost Jingzhou to Maicheng and died tragically. Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu Han Dynasty, commented on Guan Gong, saying that he was "unique in his family".

Jiezhou Guandi temple, with a total area of 73000 square meters, occupies the largest area of many Guandi temples at home and abroad. Many buildings of the temple are located in the north and south, along the North-South central axis, which is divided into four parts: the southern end of the central axis is Jieyi garden, which is built to commemorate the Jieyi garden of Liu, Guan and Zhang.

In the garden, ancient trees are towering, mountains and rivers are interdependent, and there are Jieyi square, Junzi Pavilion, Sanyi Pavilion and other main buildings, which often make people immerse in the beautiful legend of "Taoyuan Jieyi".

The main temple at the north end of the central axis is a huge building community with many units and layers. It is mainly composed of glass dragon wall, Duanmen, Wumen, yushulou, Chongning hall, daolou, Yinlou, Chunqiu Lou and many memorial archways. It is the main place for Guan Gong's sacrificial activities.

The main building in the main temple is grand in scale, extraordinary in momentum, carved beams and painted buildings, solemn and solemnly, which makes people respect Guan Gong.

On the east side of the south end of the central axis, there is a stone archway with "thousands of generations' admiration", and on the west side of the south end of the central axis, there is a wooden archway with "Weizhen Huaxia".

These two magnificent memorial archways show the world the great position of Guan Gong and Guan Gong Culture in ancient Chinese history, and people's admiration arises spontaneously.

On the East and west sides of the north end of the central axis, there are basically symmetrical auxiliary buildings of the main temple, such as Zhuifeng temple, Changshou palace, Chongsheng temple and so on.

These subsidiary buildings, like the main temple, are shrouded in a solemn atmosphere, but they have irreplaceable functions: to deepen people's understanding of Guan Gong's life and life experience, to extend and strengthen the worship and admiration of Guan Gong.

Jiezhou Guandi temple is famous in China and abroad for its long history, grand scale and extraordinary momentum.

Introduction to Guan Lin

Guanlin is a national key cultural relic protection unit, an ancient classic architecture of "forest and temple" in China, a national AAAA tourist attraction and a national intangible cultural heritage site.

According to the temple stele, there was a temple in Guanlin during the Han Dynasty, which has a history of more than 1780 years. The existing building was built in the 20th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, and its layout was built in the shape of "Hui" according to the imperial palace.

Dance building, gate, instrument gate, Ping'an hall, God of wealth hall, spring and autumn hall and tombs are the north-south axis. The layout of other buildings are symmetrical along this line, which reflects the traditional characteristics of Chinese ancient architecture culture. Guanlin, with its long history of temple construction and lofty status in the forest temple, has become a holy land for praying for blessings and auspiciousness; it has become a famous place of interest both at home and abroad with its colorful eaves and exquisite carving art.

The origin of Guan Lin's name

Because Guan Yunchang's head and weapons were buried in that place, it was named Guan Lin

For more than 1780 years, Guan Lin was famous for his burial of Guan Yu's head. Here, the precipitous buildings and dense ancient cypresses, zisu temple, as a strict palace, formed a strong atmosphere of Guan Gong culture. In 1592, on the original site of Guan temple in the Han Dynasty, it was expanded into a grand holy land for worshiping Guan Gong, covering an area of more than 200 mu, with four courtyards and more than 150 halls. The qianqiujian building, standing on the square, is the place of the rise and fall of the lantern, gongs and drums in the old times; the stone lions of the Ming Dynasty, separated on both sides of the gate, are valiant and majestic. The feudal gate is inlaid with 81 gold studs, reflecting Guan Lin's lofty status and Guan Yu's glory behind him. The iron lion standing on the left and right sides of Yimen, weighing more than 3000 Jin, is a relic of the Ming Dynasty's faithful men and women worshiping Guan Gong. Although it has experienced more than 400 years of ups and downs, it is still solemn and dignified. The plaque of "Weiyang Liuhe" in Yimen is written by Empress Dowager Cixi, which is dignified, heavy and precious The stone lion road in the gate and Hall of worship is unique to Guan temples at home and abroad. 104 stone lions are carved on the top of Yongzhu, with hundreds of lions in various forms. It is round and vivid, without the stiff feeling of stone carving, representing the highest achievement of Central Plains stone carving art during the Qianlong period.

Introduction to Guan Ling

Guan mausoleum is the place where Guan Yu was buried. It is one of the three Guan temples in China. It has a history of more than 1700 years. After Guan Yu's death, Sun Quan sent his head to Cao Cao, who buried his head in the Guanlin of Luoyang with Hou Li Hou. This is the origin of the common name of Luoyang as the head pillow and Dangyang as the body. According to the annals of the Three Kingdoms, in the 24th year of Jian'an, Guan Yu lost Jingzhou and Maicheng. Sun Quan captured Guan Yu in Linju Jiashi (now huimapo, Yuan'an county), cut off Guan Yu, sent his head to Cao Gong, and buried his body in Dangyang, which is Dangyang Guan mausoleum. According to historical records, dangyangguan mausoleum is the place where Guan Yu's body is buried, so there is a saying among the local people that "if you put your head on Luoyang, you will be trapped in Dangyang.". Guanling, formerly known as "dawangzhong", was built in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In 1183, the tenth year of Chunxi reign of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wang Zhu, the governor of Xiangyang, built a sacrificial Pavilion in front of his tomb. Temples were built in 1467, the third year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty. The group building was completed in 1536. Guanling, covering an area of 45000 square meters. On the central axis, there are eight ancient buildings, which are Shinto stele Pavilion, Zhongliang stone archway, sanyuanmen, Ma hall, worship hall, main hall, bedroom hall and mausoleum base. On both sides are Huabiao, bell tower, Drum Tower, stele Gallery, Zhaitang, laizhixuan, Shengxiang Pavilion, Bozi temple, Qisheng palace, Buddhist hall, Chunqiu Pavilion, etc. Above the gate of the main hall, there is a gold plaque written by Emperor Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty. The mausoleum area is surrounded by imperial mausoleum style red walls and yellow tile palace walls.

History

Body in Luoyang body in Dangyang

Dangyangguan mausoleum in Hubei Province

In the winter of the 24th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guan Yu lost Jingzhou and retreated to Maicheng. He was killed by Wu soldiers in the northwest of Dangyang. Worried about Liu Bei's revenge, Sun Quan dedicated Guan Yu's head to Cao Cao in Luoyang. Cao saw through his plan of "bringing the blame on others" and engraved aloe wood as his body. He buried his feather head in the south of Luoyang with the courtesy of the king and Marquis, and Sun Quan was buried in Dangyang with the courtesy of marquis. This is the common folk saying that Guan Gong "his head is fixed in Luoyang, and his body is trapped in Dangyang.".

Guanling is located five li west of Dangyang city. The mausoleum Temple faces east from the west, facing JuShui and Jingshan. Before the Song Dynasty, Guanyu's tomb was just a mound covered by trees. In 1188 A.D., Wang Zhu, the governor of Xiangyang, sealed Guanyu's tomb with earth, and "built a sacrificial pavilion with walls and pines and cypresses". From the Yuan Dynasty to the 12th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1275 AD), monk Huizhen, the head of Yuquan temple, sent monks to Guanyu cemetery to repair the mountain gate and guard the mausoleum. In the third year of Chenghua (1467 AD), Huang Shu, the magistrate of Dangyang County, wrote to the court to build a temple for Guanyu cemetery. With the permission of emperor Xianzong, the temple was built. The building group was completed in the 15th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty, occupying 98 mu of land.

In the early 1980s, people in Dangyang vowed to repair the tomb

Chinese PinYin : Guan Ling Miao