Lishan Mountain

Lishan Mountain is located in the south of Lintong District, Xi'an. It is a branch of the Qinling Mountains. The highest peak, jiulongding, is 1301.9 meters above sea level. It is composed of East and West Xiuling. The mountain is winding, the trees are verdant, and it looks like a dark horse from afar. Lishan Mountain is also known as Xiuling because of its beautiful scenery. Lishan not only has beautiful natural landscape, but also has dozens of cultural relics such as beacon tower, Laojun hall, military admonition Pavilion and juhuolou.

Lishan Mountain

Lishan Mountain, located in the south of Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, is a branch of the Qinling Mountains, with an altitude of 1302 meters. It is composed of East and West Xiuling mountains. It is an isolated Horst type fault block mountain in the Weihe rift belt formed by the late rise of the Qinling mountains. It is meandering, lush and looks like a dark horse from a distance.

Lishan Mountain is also called Xiuling because of its beautiful scenery. When the sun goes down in the west, the Lishan Mountain is reflected in the golden sunset. The scenery is particularly beautiful, which has the reputation of "Lishan evening photo". Lishan Mountain is an important part of Huaqing Palace scenic area. There are many cultural relics and beautiful natural landscapes on the mountain, which are all over the beacon tower, laomu hall, Laojun hall, Wanzhao Pavilion, Bingjian Pavilion, Shangshan lake, Qixi bridge, shangdeyuan, Yuxian bridge, Sanyuan cave and many other famous scenic spots. Since the Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, it has been used as a royal garden, with many villas. In ancient times, Nu Wa "made stones to mend the sky"; at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, king you of Zhou staged the historical allusion of "beacon fire drama" here; Qin Shihuang built his mausoleum at the foot of Lishan Mountain, leaving the world-famous terracotta army; in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei performed a beautiful love story here; in modern history, the famous "Xi'an Incident" also happened On the Lishan Mountain.

Lishan is the witness of the historical context of the Chinese nation.

Historical evolution

Lishan Mountain is a famous scenic spot in ancient and modern China. It was named Lishan Mountain because it was the land of Lirong in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Lintong was known as Zhaoying and Huichang, and Lishan Mountain was renamed Zhaoying and Huichang. Since the Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, it has always been a place of royal gardens and many villas. Lishan Mountain is a branch of the Qinling Mountains. It stretches 25 kilometers from east to west, 13.7 kilometers from north to south, and 1302 meters above sea level. The pines and cypresses on the mountain are evergreen, magnificent and beautiful. It is named after a young Li horse.

According to historical records, Lishan Mountain is "not as lofty as Taihua, not as long as Zhongnan, not as quiet as Taibai, not as dangerous as Longmen. However, it is said that the three emperors are old residences, and since the birth of Wa Sheng, they have been lucky to leave palaces and other halls since the Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties, and that Xiuling and Wentang are all wonderful places."

The origin of the name

It is said that in ancient times, the earth collapsed and the people suffered. The mother of Lishan, the God of heaven, came to the lower world with her two daughters to mend the sky. Lishan old mother and the eldest daughter smelt stones, and the youngest daughter became a flying horse, carrying her mother and sister up and down, finally mending the sky.

However, a black dragon came out of the ground smashed by the sky and flooded the earth. Lishan's mother and two daughters subdued the dragon and saved the people. Then they began to make stones to fill the ground. After mending the ground, the youngest daughter, due to fatigue, didn't have time to change her face, so she lay on the ground to have a rest. When she woke up and saw the beautiful water and elegant environment, she decided to stay here. She became a mountain, like a black horse lying in the world. This is mount Li.

Folklore

There are more than 3200 meters of steps up the mountain. When you first come to the "banhushi" on the hillside of Lishan Mountain, you will see the military admonition Pavilion, which was built to commemorate the Xi'an Incident. After that, you can go west to the peak to the "evening photo Pavilion". Standing on the north side of the pavilion, the whole Huaqing pool is in front of you. Further on, you will arrive at Laojun hall on the third peak of xixiuling. Laojun is Laozi, a famous Taoist official in Lishan. According to legend, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw Laojun come to the pavilion twice, so he called it Jiangsheng Pavilion, also known as Chaoyuan Pavilion. In the hall, the white jade statue of Laojun was originally worshipped. During the "an Shi rebellion", the body of the statue was burned and his hands were stolen. Now the jade statue is kept in Xi'an Beilin Museum. From Laojun hall to the East, you can see the "laomu hall" on the second peak of xixiuling. This hall was built for Nuwa in historical legend.

Further to the East, you will arrive at the beacon tower on the first peak of xixiuling. It is here that the historical allusion of "the warlords of war play lose the world when they laugh". It is said that king you of Zhou once held a beacon fire here to tease the princes in order to win a smile from his beloved concubine Bao Si. When the dog army attacked the Lishan Mountain, the king of you ordered to light the beacon fire again, but none of the princes came to save him. The king of you was killed, Bao Si was captured, and the Western Zhou Dynasty was destroyed. After the beacon tower, go east to the "shiweng Temple" on dongxiuling.

Because the rock in the west of the temple is shaped like a urn under the impact of water, it is named "shiweng Temple". It is said that the temple was built in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, using the materials left over from the Huaqing Palace. Then came to the "Yuxian bridge" in shiweng valley between the East and West Xiuling mountains.

It is said that the bridge was built in the Tang Dynasty. It is a single hole stone arch bridge with a length of 5 meters, a width of 2.4 meters and a height of 5 meters. According to legend, there was an ancient examinee who went to Beijing to take the exam. He went to this bridge and got the immortal's advice. Fortunately, he got the exam, so the bridge was named "Yuxian bridge".

Main attractions

It is said that king you of Zhou built Li palace here. It was changed into "Lishan Tang" in the first emperor of Qin Dynasty. It was expanded into Li palace in Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Tang Taizong built the palace and named it "Tangquan Palace". Tang Xuanzong expanded it again and named it Huaqing Palace. It is also called Huaqing pool because of its hot spring characteristics.

In April 1982, the Yutang building site of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty was found when the foundation was excavated. According to the excavation and arrangement of archaeological experts, five Tangchi sites were found in an area of 4200 square meters, and they were identified as lotus soup, Haitang soup, Prince soup, Shangshi soup and Xingchen soup, respectively. They were the Royal Bath sites of the emperor, princess, Prince and minister. On these sites, "Tang Hua palace Yutang site museum" was built and officially opened in October 1990. The five rooms in Huaqing pool were where Chiang Kai Shek lived when the Xi'an Incident broke out in 1936.

Prosperous period

In the heyday of Tang Dynasty, the scale of Huaqing Palace was greatly reduced after the "an Shi rebellion" (in the middle of the 8th century). Today's Huaqing pool is formed on the basis of Qing Dynasty architecture after many times of repair, expansion, excavation and restoration of Tang Dynasty sites. It is only the core of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty, covering an area of 85560 square meters, divided into eastern, Western and central districts. Afforestation has been strengthened in Lishan, and the original sites have been protected. HuaQingChi Park and hot spring sanatorium are built at the foot of the mountain. On the mountain, there is a cable car connecting the old mother hall and beacon tower. You can have a panoramic view of the scenery in the mountain.

Lishan is one of the famous mountains in China. It is an important part of Huaqing Palace in Tang Dynasty. Its forest landscape is unique, with thousands of acres of lateral Berlin, Lishan twisted cypress, Bajie tree, etc. The mountain is steep and the fault landform is unique.

The 5000 year old culture of China has left its mark on Lishan Mountain. There are many historic sites, profound history and culture, royal style of Li palace villas and geothermal hot springs. "The clouds and trees on Lishan Mountain are thick and green, which has gone through the Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties. A vein of warm soup flows day and night, and several graves cover the emperor. "

These two poems by Guo Moruo tell us the history of Lishan Mountain, which has become a tourist attraction.

Lishan Mausoleum

Lishan mausoleum, also known as Qinshihuang Mausoleum, is located in Qinling village, about 40 km east of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province (Lishan National Forest Park is about 35 km east of Xi'an city). It is surrounded by lush mountains and lush forests in the South and the Bank of Weihe River in the north. The total area of the cemetery is 56.25 square kilometers. The tomb area is in the south, and the building complex of bedroom hall and biandian is in the north. The tomb of Qin Shihuang is 55.05 meters high and 2000 meters long.

Chicken on the shelf

Climb westward from the stone urn pool to the chicken shelf. This is a dangerous road from dongxiuling to xixiuling. Visitors here, hand and foot, hovering up, like a chicken on the shelf in general, hence the name.

Mudangou

To the west of Yinlu trough is a deep gully, which is called Mudan gully by local people. There is a spring in the ditch, which is called "meiquan". It is said that the peony watered by this beautiful spring is very beautiful. Tang Xuanzong liked peony. He once opened a peony garden in mudangou, which was cultivated by song Danfu, a florist who was proficient in gardening at that time. According to the book of flowers, "there are thousands of flowers in different colors."

Dharma cave

About 200-300 meters away from beacon fire Taipei, there is a cave 5 meters deep, 2 meters high and 3 meters wide. It is said that this cave was dug by the king Zhenshan, a disciple of Indian Buddhism Dharma, and was called Dharma cave.

Steelstone

On the way down from the Yuxian bridge in shiwenggu, there is a big stone about 5 meters high, small up and big down, which looks like a weighing hammer. For thousands of years, no matter what kind of flood it has encountered, it has stood firmly at the bottom of the valley. It is said that this stone is called "Lishan weighing hammer stone" because it is called "Erlang God Yang Jian".

Drinking deer trough

There is a large stone trough 300 cm long, 92 cm wide and 56 cm high on the flat ground in the west of yuange. It is said that it was the place where reindeer drank water in the Tang Dynasty. Lao Tzu's mount is a long-lived deer. According to this, it is either the stone trough where Lao Jun drank deer in that year, or it is made by the legend of later generations. There is a sentence in jinyangmen poem that "the deer is thin and the bronze medal is heavy"

Chinese PinYin : Li Shan