Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot is the only coastal volcanic geological landform scenic spot in China. It is located on the west coast of Taiwan Strait and on the seashore of qianting Town, Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province.

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot is located in the coastal zone from qianting town to Futan Town, Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, about 50 kilometers away from Xiamen City, Zhangzhou city and Zhangpu County.

The central volcanic eruption structure and the later weathering and sea erosion geology are preserved in the scenic area. The scenic spot is composed of three mountains (Xiangshan, Yanlou and yulingshi), three islands (Linjinyu, Nanding island and Jimei Peninsula), and three bays (Qisha Bay, Jiangkou Bay and Houcai Bay).

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot is a well preserved coastal volcanic geological relics, which is listed as one of the top ten tourism brands in Fujian Province by Fujian provincial government.

Historical development

Since the discovery of Zhangzhou coastal volcanic geological landscape in 1970s, its unique, rare and special volcanic geological landscape has aroused great interest and wide attention of domestic and foreign experts and scholars. In 1977, it was used as a site for scientific investigation by the East China volcanic conference, and in 1981, it was also listed as the first site for field investigation by the National Volcanic conference held in Zhangzhou. In March 2001, the Ministry of land and Resources approved the establishment of national geoparks.

In October 2003, it passed the acceptance of the Ministry of land and resources. By 2004, the first phase of the project was basically completed, and the basic construction of Xiangshan scenic area in Zhangzhou Volcano Park was formed.

On October 1, 2004, the park opened to welcome tourists.

In 2005, Linjinyu and Nanding islands were selected as one of the "ten most beautiful islands in China" by National Geographic of China.

In 2007, volcanic island was rated as a national AAAA scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration and listed as one of the top ten tourism brands in Fujian Province by the provincial government.

geographical environment

geographical position

Volcanic island is located in the coastal zone from qianting town to Futan Town, Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, between 23 ° 43 '- 24 ° 20' n and 117 ° 24 '- 118 ° 01' E;

The total area is about 318.64 square kilometers, of which the land and sea planning area is about 100 square kilometers.

It is adjacent to the Taiwan Strait in the East, Zhangzhou and Xiamen in the north, Dongshan, Shantou and Guangzhou in the south. It is located between Xiamen and Shantou special economic zones.

Geology and geomorphology

The natural ecological scenic spot of volcanic island is mainly composed of volcanic rocks, volcanic structures and sea erosion landforms,

Coastal basalt hills and beach, Linjinyu and Nanding island are volcanic islands, with an altitude of 40-80 meters. Most of the farmland is transformed from saline soil and sandy soil.

Climatic characteristics

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic area belongs to the south subtropical marine monsoon climate, with the annual average temperature of 20 ℃, the hottest in July with an average of 28 ~ 29 ℃, and the lowest in January with an average of 12 ~ 13 ℃. The frost free period of the whole year is more than 330-350 days. The annual rainfall is 1000-1300mm, and the rainy season is mainly from March to June. The annual sunshine is more than 2000 hours; the southeast wind is more in spring and summer, and the northeast wind is more in autumn and winter; except for typhoons, the wind force is between 3 and 5.

natural resources

plant resources

Volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot and its surrounding natural environment are superior, with mild climate, abundant rainfall, well-developed vegetation, and forest coverage rate of more than 84%. In the natural ecological scenic spot of volcanic island, there are long stemmed plants growing on the cliff of the sea. This is the flower stem of Agave, which can be as long as ten meters. Agave belongs to the family Agavaceae. It is native to America. Its leaves are very similar to the tongue of a dragon, and its flower stems have strong vitality.

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Animal resources

There is also a dense windblown sand shelterbelt in the park, which is 300 meters wide. In addition, there are abundant bird resources in the park, mainly including seagulls and egrets, which are protected animals announced by the state.

Tidal flat

In addition, the Geopark is located in the coastal area, with winding coastline. At the same time, the coastline is mostly high-quality beaches, including 10 beaches, such as Longjiao Bay, Tseung Kwan O, Houcai Bay, Huqian, Baitang, Jiangjun Bay, Jiangkou Bay and Qianhu. Among them, the beaches in Longjiao Bay, Houcai Bay and Jiangkou Bay are identified as grade A by experts.

Scenic spots

natural landscape

The volcanic island natural ecological scenic spot preserves the complete coastal volcanic geological relics, the typical central volcanic eruption structure relics of Tertiary period and the landform landscape of later weathering erosion. More than eight volcanic eruptions occurred between 46 million and 700000 years ago.

Nanding Island

Nanding island is located in the southeast of Linjin Island, facing Xiangshan scenic spot across the sea. The most famous stone pillars on the island are more than 1.4 million, which are composed of black basalt. It looks like hair from a distance, so it is known as "hair like stone forest". The formation mechanism is that the basaltic magma overflowing the surface or filling in the volcanic neck, during the slow cooling and crystallization process, due to the tension action, the basaltic rock body shrinks, solidifies and cracks, resulting in nearly pentagon or hexagon cracks, forming columnar joints. The basaltic rock column is the most ornamental landscape in the volcanic landscape. The cross section of these basaltic rock columns is mostly pentagon or hexagon, with the diameter of 15 cm ~ 30 cm and the height of 20 m ~ 30 m. These more than 1.4 million regular stone pillars stand in the vast expanse of blue waves. Some of them are straight cutting in the sea, which is very shocking and spectacular. The domestic academic circles call them "terracotta warriors and horses on the sea".

After years of sea water and wind erosion, there is a sea erosion hole in the island body, and the narrow gap extends from the edge of the island to the center of the island. The cave runs from the northeast to the southwest, and the deep cave is also composed of basaltic rock pillars. It's so narrow that it's hard to find out. You can only enter the cave on the third or 18th day of each month when the spring tide recedes. The time of exploring the cave can't exceed 20 minutes, which adds mystery to Nanding island. On the other hand, the eastern part of the island facing Taiwan has been eroded into a very interesting shape, which is in the shape of three axes increasing in height from the edge of the island to the center of the island. These three axes can only be seen clearly from a certain angle, and can not be recognized if the angle changes slightly.

Niutoushan ancient Huoshankou

Niutoushan ancient crater is located on the beach between the intertidal zones on the east side of Niutou in Baitang village, Longjiao she Township, Longhai City. It is submerged by high tide and exposed by low tide. It is the most complete and peculiar typical crater found in this area. On the plane, it is oval in northeast direction, about 200m in length and 70m in width, like a chair shape opening to the Northeast; on the section, it is funnel-shaped with big top and small bottom. Its unique structure is rare at home and abroad, and it is one of the best preserved submarine ancient craters in the world. In addition, around the ancient crater of Niutoushan, there are some geological structures such as "watermelon skin" convergent columnar joint structure, gas column hole, stomatal zone and "fish scale stone". The ancient crater of Niutoushan has complete eruption mechanism, clear hierarchy and complete preservation.

Rootless vent group of Linjinyu volcano

Linjinyu is an ellipsoidal Island composed of volcanic rocks, with an area of 0.16 square kilometers and an altitude of 72.7 meters. Linjinyu island is rich in volcanic landscape resources. From 28.61 million years ago to 15.41 million years ago, it erupted continuously, with at least four volcanic eruptions, leaving two rare geological relics in the world. It is a coastal volcanic island with an ancient crater, which was formed in 2000 More than ten thousand years ago, there were also several thousand square meters of rivet shaped stomatal pillars and other volcanic tectonic landscapes. On the beach only 400 meters long, there were 16 volcanic vent groups, which were rare in the world. There are "rootless spouts" and "rooted spouts" related to craters. It is one of the best places to study and understand volcanism.

According to legend, it is also the only place in the history of Zhangzhou prefecture where the number one scholar Lin Zhen lived, so it is also called number one scholar island.

Lotus throne

Xiangshan is the most complete preserved "lotus throne" vent. Unlike the crater, the "vent" emits not hot magma, but various gases represented by water vapor. A large amount of gas will spill out through the magma that has not yet solidified. Around the vent, the magma continuously cools and solidifies from outside to inside, slowly forming radioactivity and annular texture, and then passes through millions of years The structure around the jet mouth was eroded and peeled off by the erosion and erosion in 2000.

Vow to the throne

Haishishanmengtai is a heart-shaped platform composed of tens of thousands of basalt joints. It looms with the rise and fall of the tide, forming a spectacle of half seawater and half flame.

Dragon veins in the Strait

The channel dragon vein is located at the eastern end of Xiangshan lava shoal. It was formed by black basalt in the late stage of volcanic eruption. Ten million years ago, after the eruption, the volcano cracked again from about 50 kilometers deep underground

Chinese PinYin : Huo Shan Dao Zi Ran Sheng Tai Feng Jing Qu