Jingpo Lake Scenic Spot

Jingpo Lake scenic spot is the largest mountain dammed lake in China and the second largest mountain dammed lake in the world, a famous tourist, summer resort and recuperation resort, a national key scenic spot, an international eco-tourism resort and summer resort, and a World Geopark. It was rated as a 5A tourist attraction in 2011.

Jingpo Lake is a volcanic and lava barrier lake formed 5000 years ago by repeated volcanic eruptions and lava blocking the ancient river bed of Mudanjiang River. Its water is shallow in the South and deep in the north. The lake is 350 meters above sea level, the deepest part is more than 60 meters, and the shallowest part is only 1 meter. The lake is narrow and long, 45 kilometers long in the South and 6 kilometers wide in the East and West, covering an area of 91.5 square kilometers. In history, there were such names as "huhanhai", which was called Jingbohu in Ming Dynasty. Along the two sides of the lake, there are many natural scenic spots, such as "eight scenery outside", and many beautiful myths and legends, as well as many ancient cultural sites and sites of modern revolutionary history. Deng Xiaoping has the praise of "the scenery in the mirror Park" and Ye Jianying has the praise of "the scenery in the mountains and lakes is better than that in the south of the Yangtze River". Jingpo Lake is winding, with islands all over the lake. The most famous eight sceneries in the lake are like eight shining pearls inlaid on the ribbon among the green. Jingpo Lake is primitive and natural, with picturesque charm, heavy mountains and rivers, and winding paths. It can be described as smiling in spring, loving in summer, like fire in autumn, quiet in winter and snow. It has four distinct seasons and is unforgettable for a long time. Diaoshuilou waterfall is similar to the world-famous niagara waterfall. The lake water is rolling and bubbling on the surface of the lava bed. It rushes to the deep pool like a thousand troops. Then it flies down from the fault cliff and pours into the round Ou cave. The water splashes, like clouds and snow, and white fog; it also looks like silver river flowing down, and white training hanging in the air. The sound of water is as loud as thunder. The waterfall is generally 40 meters wide with a drop of 12 meters. In rainy season or flood season, the waterfall falls in two or more streams, with a total width of more than 200 meters.

Winter Jingpo Lake features: first, snow Castle: Mudanjiang has snow Castle every year, which is very famous. It is the largest snow castle in Asia. This year, it moved to Jingpo Lake to see the world's first pot and other large-scale snow sculptures. Second, Grand Canyon: Jingpo Canyon is a grand canyon formed by volcanoes.

Jingpo Lake National Scenic Spot

synonym

Jingpo Lake scenic spot generally refers to Jingpo Lake National scenic spot

Jingpo Lake is a national scenic spot, a national AAAAA scenic spot, a World Geopark, and one of China's top ten leisure and tourist attractions. It is comparable to Qiandao Lake in terms of sand carving and rabbit ear ridge.

Jingpo Lake National scenic spot is located between zhangguangcai ridge and Laoye ridge in the southeast of Heilongjiang Province, 60 km southwest of Ning'an City, 90 km away from Mudanjiang city. The overall planning area is 1726 square kilometers. The scenic spot consists of three parts: bailichang lake, volcanic crater virgin forest and Longquan mansion site in Shangjing of Bohai State.

Jingpo Lake is a comprehensive scenic spot for scientific research, summer vacation, sightseeing, vacation and cultural exchange activities. It is mainly characterized by lakes and mountains, and also has geological wonders such as volcanic crater underground primeval forest and underground lava tunnel, as well as historical and cultural landscape represented by Bohai State site of Tang Dynasty. Jingpo Lake is like a dazzling pearl inlaid in the northern border of China. It is famous for its unique natural beauty and attracts more and more tourists at home and abroad.

On February 25, 2017, the reporter learned from the press conference of the national tourism administration that after the deliberation of the director general's office meeting of the National Tourism Administration, the National Tourism Administration decided to give a serious warning to Jingpo Lake scenic spot in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, with a deadline of six months for rectification.

geographical position

Jingpohu World Geopark and Jingpohu national scenic spot (hereinafter referred to as Jingpohu scenic spot) are located in Ning'an City, Southeast of Heilongjiang Province and southwest of Mudanjiang City (120 ° 30 ′～ 129 ° 30 ′ e, 43 ° 46 ′～ 44 ° 18 ′ n). Located at the end of Harbin Yuquan Yabuli Dahailin China snow Township Jingpo Lake tourist route, it is an important tourist destination in Heilongjiang Province. More broadly, Mudanjiang Jingpo Lake is located in the center of Northeast Asia tourism circle. In the southeast is Vladivostok (Vladivostok), a Russian seaport city. In the South and southwest are Tianchi tourist area of Changbai Mountain and Songhua Lake tourist area at the source of Songhua River in Jilin Province. All the way to the West is through haihailin China snow Township, Yabuli ski resort, Yuquan hunting ground, Harbin and five major tourist areas Lianchi and other famous scenic spots and cities constitute the unique location environment of Jingpo Lake. Jingpo Lake is located on the main stream of Mudanjiang River, more than 80 kilometers north of Mudanjiang city. It is more than 130 kilometers away from Suifen River in the East, Dunhua City in Jilin Province in the South and 250 kilometers away from Changbai Mountain. Hailin City in the West. Jingpo is 45 kilometers long in the north, 6 kilometers wide in the East and West, and 300 meters narrow in the East and West. It has a water area of 80 square kilometers, a reservoir capacity of 1.6 billion cubic meters, and a forest coverage rate of more than 68%.

Climatic characteristics

Jingpo Lake is located in the east coast of mid latitude Asian continent, which belongs to temperate continental climate type. The annual average temperature is 3.6 degrees, and the highest temperature is 36.2 degrees. Because of its mountains, dense forests, vast water area and the terrain structure of Huaxia gorge, the microclimate of the lake area is subtly affected. In summer, the temperature difference between morning and night is large, and it is cool and pleasant.

Geological characteristics

Jingbohu mountain range is located in the transition area between zhangguangcai mountain and Laoye Mountain of Changbai Mountain. The mountains in the west of Lake fluctuate greatly, while those in the east of lake and Hunan are gentle. Hubei is a lava platform with flat terrain. The northern part of Jingpo Lake scenic area has a complex landform with 12 craters. The highest elevation of the mountains is 1260.7m (Laoheishan in the west of Luyuan Island), and the lowest elevation is 339.17m (lowest water level). The geological structure of Jingpohu lake is mainly composed of granite, perlite and basalt. The Volcanic Group in the northwest of the park has been erupting continuously since one million years ago, forming a basalt platform with a length of more than 100 li. The lava of the last volcanic eruption about 4800 years ago blocked the Mudanjiang River course, forming the world's largest volcanic lava barrier lake Jingpo Lake, as well as a series of lakes such as Xiaobei lake, Zhuangxin lake, yuanyangchi lake, etc.

Hydrological characteristics

Jingpo Lake water system consists of more than 30 rivers, which flow into the lake centripetally. Most of these rivers are mountain streams, with fast flow and high speed of runoff distribution. They are characterized by small sediment concentration, large annual runoff, obvious seasonal variation of flow and long glacial period. Jingpo is 45 kilometers long in the north of Hunan Province, with the widest part of 6000 meters from east to west and the narrowest part of 300 meters. The width is generally between 500 and 1000 meters, and the deepest part is 70 meters (in the north of Jingpo). The water area is 79.3 square kilometers, and the water storage capacity is about 1.6 billion cubic meters. Xiaobei lake, the second largest lake, is about 6000 meters long and has a water area of 3.80 square kilometers. The annual variation characteristics of water level in Jingpo Lake are as follows: the highest water level mostly occurs from August to September, and the lowest water level mostly occurs from March to April. The annual average water level is 347.95m, the highest water level is 354.43m, and the lowest water level is 339.17m. The water of Jingpo Lake originates from Mudanjiang River. Mudanjiang River originates from mudanling, Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province. The river water gradient is large. Jingpo Lake is about 300 km away from the source of Mudanjiang River, with a drop of about 750 meters.

origin

Jingpo Lake is known as Meituo River in geography annals of Han Dynasty. In 652 ad, it was called the AB River (also known as the Bulong Lake), and later called erhaijin. In 713 ad, it was called Hanhai. In Ming Dynasty, it was called Jingpo Lake, in Qing Dynasty, it is still called Jingpo Lake. In 755 ad, Bohai State moved its capital from Jilin Province to today Bohai Town, the capital of "Shangjing Longquan house.". In 928 ad, the Bohai State was destroyed by Khitan and its capital was destroyed. In history, the residents of Jingpo Lake area were mainly Sushen people and their descendants. According to Chinese historical records, "in the 15th year of King Wu of Zhou Dynasty (1666 BC) and the 9th year of King Cheng of Zhou Dynasty (1654 BC), Sushen came to pay tribute.". Yilou in the Western Han Dynasty, Wuji in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Mohe in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Nuzhen in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and Manchu are all descendants and branches of the Sushen nationality. During the Anti Japanese War, the Japanese carried out a number of surveys in the area of Jingpohu, such as logging, excavation of cultural relics, construction of power plants, and the heroes of the Anti Japanese Federation also worked in this area. After liberation, the main residents here were Han, Korean and Manchu.

Main attractions

Volcanic geological landscape

Within a radius of 40 km in the northwest of Jingpo Lake scenic spot, there are 12 craters of different sizes. The diameter of the craters ranges from 70 to 550 meters and the depth ranges from 30 to 132 meters. The Volcanic Group erupted continuously from one million years ago to the last eruption about 4800 years ago. The lava River and platform outside the volcanic cone of Jingpohu lake are mainly composed of black basalt. On the platform, there are large lava tunnels which are rare in China. The internal structure of the tunnels is similar and the shape is strange. The longest lava cave can reach 10000 meters, which is the largest and most complete lava tunnel found so far in China. In midsummer, ice can still be seen in the caves, with chilling air. In some caves, fog is shrouded, deep and mysterious, which is of great scientific research value. At present, there is no systematic investigation and research by experts. On the lava platform, there are various peculiar lava landscapes, such as lava bridge. Due to the long history of volcanic eruption and the superior geographical environment of Jingpo Lake, the crater is now covered with dense coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and red forest

Chinese PinYin : Jing Bo Hu Feng Jing Qu