Bozhou flower Theater

Huaxilou is also known as "daguandi Temple" and "Shanshan guild hall". Because the theatrical building is full of theatrical articles and colorful paintings, it is commonly known as Hua theatrical building. In the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656) of the Qing Dynasty, funds were raised to rebuild the daguandi temple, and in the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), a singing platform, namely the red chamber, was established. The main hall of huaxilou is the main building with auxiliary lining. The main hall is 10 meters high, and the rear is the main hall. In the hall, there are wooden statues of Guan Yu, and on both sides there are statues of Guan Ping and Zhou Cang (later destroyed by the Japanese invaders).

The stage is convex. In Taizheng, there are four gold characters of "performing the ancient style and the present", a couplet of wood hanging in front of the stage, a song of Spring Awakening the dreams of the present and the past on the right, and two faces of loyalty and adultery on the left. On the east side of the theater tower is the bell tower, on the west side is the drum tower, and on the middle of the two floors is the mountain gate. It is a three-story arch type water polished brick building with imitation wood structure, in which brick carvings are inlaid. In front of the hall is an iron tripod with a pair of iron cranes standing on its side. It is 3 meters high and weighs more than 500 kg. It was cast in 1694, the 32nd year of Kangxi. Huaxilou is famous for its dozens of brick carvings, wood carvings and color paintings, and is a key cultural relic protection unit in China.

Flower Theater

synonym

Bozhou flower theater generally refers to flower theater (Bozhou City, Anhui Province)

Huaxilou, formerly known as daguandi temple, is also known as Shanshan guild hall. Because the brick carving, wood carving and color painting of the theater are mainly based on the local opera zazixi, it is commonly known as huaxilou. Huaxilou was built in 1656, the 13th year of Shunzhi reign of Qing Dynasty. It is located in Xianning street, Guanyu north of Bozhou City, Anhui Province, and the northernmost of huaxilou road. It was founded by Wang Bi, a businessman in Shanxi Province, and Zhu Kongling, a businessman in Shaanxi Province. After that, it was expanded for more than 100 years in Kangxi and Qianlong dynasties.

On January 13, 1988, it was approved as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

In February 2020, in order to pay homage to the benevolence of doctors and praise the great love of the world, the scenic spot will implement preferential treatment policy for all medical workers from the date of resumption of operation to December 31, 2020.

Evolution of construction

Huaxilou, formerly known as Guandi temple, was built in 1656. It was initiated by Shanxi businessman Wang Bi and Shaanxi businessman Zhu Kongling.

In 1676, a theater was built on the basis of Guandi Temple by the pharmacists in Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces.

In 1740, it was rebuilt.

In 1766, Qianlong built a new hall, added a building and a platform for singing. This was the beginning of the construction of the East and West buildings and the addition of caisson paintings to the theater.

In 1784, the daguandi temple was rebuilt.

In 1979, Bozhou Municipal Bureau of cultural administration carried out a comprehensive off shelf maintenance of Huaxi building.

On September 24, 2008, the State Administration of cultural relics of the people's Republic of China issued an official reply on the maintenance scheme of the Huaxi theater in Bozhou, Anhui Province (cultural relic guarantee [2008] No. 985). The Anhui Provincial Bureau of cultural relics carried out maintenance and repair on the maintenance scheme design of the Huaxi theater in Bozhou.

On September 17, 2010, it was approved as national AAAA scenic spot by the national scenic spot quality rating committee.

In March 2014, Bozhou culture and Tourism Bureau carried out the expansion and upgrading project of Huaxi building. The expansion and upgrading projects include the renovation of the site of the original No.6 middle school, the addition of green landscape, tourism service facilities, north exit, etc., the renovation of the sugar guild hall, the renovation of the mountain gate and east-west ear room, the reconstruction of the hall and wing room of the sugar guild hall, the reconstruction of Xianning temple, the restoration of the ancient pier of Wohe River, etc. The total planning area of the expansion and upgrading project is about 7000 m2.

In December 2011, Mr. Liao Ben, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), vice chairman of the Chinese Writers Association and Secretary of the Secretariat, made a historical and cultural inspection in Bozhou. After visiting the exquisite brick and wood carvings of huaxilou, he gladly wrote "huaxilou is the best in the world", which is a full affirmation and evaluation of the beautiful architecture and carving art of huaxilou.

In April 2015, the renovation of the site outside the north gate wall of the first phase of huaxilou expansion and reconstruction project was completed. Special flower beds and green turf bricks are added in the site.

Architectural pattern

The gate of Huaxi theater is a three-story archway with a wood like structure. The wall of Shuimo brick is inlaid with brick carvings, with figures, chariots, horses, cities, mountains, flowers and animals. The main hall of huaxilou is the main building with auxiliary lining. The hall is 10 meters high. There are two courtyards on the left and right of the hall. There are books and carvings of Zhao mengshun and Qing Liang. The latter is the main hall, in which a wooden statue of Guan Yu is worshipped. On both sides, there are statues of Guan Ping and Zhou Cang, which were destroyed by the Japanese invaders. The stage is convex. There are four golden characters in Taizheng's middle script, one couplet hanging in front of the stage, one on the right, one on the right, and one on the left. On the east side of the theater tower is the bell tower, on the west side is the drum tower, and on the middle of the two floors is the front door. It is a three-story arch type water polished brick building with imitation wood structure, inlaid with exquisite brick carvings. In front of the hall is an iron tripod with a pair of iron cranes standing on its side. It is 3 meters high and weighs more than 500 kg. It was cast in 1694, the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi.

Cultural relics

Daguandi Temple

Daguandi temple is located in the north and the south, with a construction area of 3163.1 square meters. The main hall is built in the courtyard, and the theater building is set as the auxiliary lining. The sitting buildings are built on both sides for watching opera and drinking. On both sides of the main hall, there is a deep path courtyard, and the west is the Zen hall. On both sides of the opera tower are the bell tower and the drum tower. There is one existing bell and the drum has been lost. The date of the bell is the second year of Kangxi. On the outside of the bell tower, there are three buildings, which are occupied by merchants in Shanshan. The main hall is divided into front hall and back hall. The front hall is a five frame structure with magnificent carvings and paintings, which is used for watching opera. The back hall is divided into front and back hall. The front gable has two convenient doors, the west gate is "bianchan gate", "the East Gate" and "tongshendao". After climbing four steps into the hall, the hall is tall and magnificent. This is where to worship Guan Gong, which is the main god sacrificial position of the great Guan Di temple. Next to the iron tripod in front of the main hall stands a pair of iron cranes, pedaling turtles, 3 meters high and weighing 500 kg, which were made in 1694.

Theater

In the South and north of the theater block, the stage stretches forward, like a "convex" shape, with four wings and corners. In addition to the glazed roof, it is resplendent. The stage is supported by six columns, six cubic columns under the eaves, and the column base is carved with story patterns. The screen in the middle of the stage is engraved with two dragons playing with pearls. The plaque on it says "Qingge Miaowu". In the middle, there are two "take it for granted" and "no need". A couplet was hung in front of the stage, saying, "a piece of spring wakes up the dreams of today and ancient times, and two faces are devoted to love.". There are two side doors on both sides of the stage, with the words "spring" and "Snow" on the forehead. There is a caisson hanging above the stage, surrounded by hanging Fang and Tu chuilin. There is a big Fang between the columns, between the big Fang and the hanging Fang, there is a shed coupon hanging, and the stigma is hung with a lion hanging fish. There are 18 plays of the Three Kingdoms. The characters in the eight plays, the scenery of chariots and horses, the perfect carving technology, give people a sense of reality, and other flowers, strange birds and animals. They are exquisitely carved. The rest of the caisson and Liang Fang are covered with colorful paintings, including dramas, characters, flowers and birds, landscapes and other patterns.

Iron flagpole

The iron flagpoles on the left and right sides of the entrance of Huaxi theater weigh 15 tons and are more than 16 meters high. Each flagpole is divided into five sections, each section is made of eight trigrams, flat dragons and other patterns. Each flagpole is also hung with 24 exquisite iron wind bells. Whenever the wind blows, it will make a pleasant Ding Dong sound. The casting and erecting methods of these flagpoles are still a mystery.

The inscription on the iron flagpole seat says: a pair of flagpoles, weighing 24000 Jin, were made on the auspicious day of Xinsi in 1821, the first year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty. A pair of iron flagpoles were presented by the disciples of the state of medicinal materials in Shaanxi Province, which will ensure the safety and auspicious celebration of the four sides forever.

Brick carving

There are three passageways on the front wall of the gate of daguandi temple, which are the main gate, the bell tower and the drum tower. The whole wall is covered with all kinds of reliefs, which are made of water polished bricks, all hand carved, with a history of more than 200 years.

The brick carving of huaxilou belongs to the micro carving art of Jin school, with grand scenes. Although the figures are as small as peanuts, they are lifelike, with different expressions, rigorous structure, mellow lines, rich themes and internal connections. At the same time, they absorb the delicate and exquisite carving technology of Hui school. On a few tens of square meters of water polished bricks, 52 works are carved, including 115 characters, 33 birds and 67 animals, which constitute drama stories and folk allusions such as "empress Li lives in a cold kiln", "three visits to the cottage", "Legend of the White Snake", "Guo Ziyi's longevity", "Wu Yue's hegemony", "Damo crossing the river", "Lao Jun's alchemy", "kuixingdian yuan".

Wood carving

In the caisson above the stage of Huaxi theater, there are nine painted patterns, such as "dragon and Phoenix presenting auspiciousness", "crane dancing in the morning sun" and "Lu Ling offering longevity". There are two large Fang between the holding pillars, with lotus hanging on the Fang and lion hanging on it, which are divided into two or three sections. Each section is carved in large wood, with very clear layers. Its delicacy and front door brick carving complement each other. The contents of woodcarving are mainly 18 dramas of the Three Kingdoms, such as "Changbanpo", "cutting one's beard and abandoning one's Robe", "Qiqu Menghuo", "beating the drum and scolding Cao", "Sanqi zhouyu", "Cao Cao stabbing Dong Zhuo", "empty city plan", "riding alone for a thousand miles", "Huarong Road" and "Fengyi Pavilion". Although they have gone through years, they are still colorful, which benefits from the lost folk painting technique of "one color and three sets of flat painting" As a result, in some places that have lost their color, posterity will not dare to make up their color rashly.

Wumuwang Temple

YUEWU Muwang temple is Yuefei temple. Located on the east side of huaxilou, it was built in Bozhou to commemorate the patriotic general Yue Fei. present

Chinese PinYin : Bo Zhou Hua Xi Lou