Guangfu ancient city

Yongnian Guangfu ancient city scenic spot is located in Guangfu Town, Yongnian County, 25 kilometers northeast of Handan City, also known as Guangping Fucheng. It was built at the end of Sui Dynasty and was rebuilt in Yuan and Ming Dynasties. It is a well preserved ancient city of Ming and Qing Dynasties with city walls and moats in plain areas of China. At that time, the city wall of Yongnian was magnificent and strong, the city river was broad, and it was surrounded by water. Since ancient times, it has been known as "the small town in the north and the south of the Yangtze River".

Yongnian Guangfu City

synonym

Guangfu ancient city generally refers to Yongnian Guangfu city

Yongnian Guangfu City, also known as Yongnian city

Guangfu ancient city

Ancient city

Guangfucheng

Water city

Taiji City

Water city

It is located in Yongnian Wali, 45 Huali northeast of Handan City, on the Bank of Fuyang River, in the southeast of Hebei Province, 25 kilometers away from Linmingguan, the county government.

Because it was the seat of Guangping Prefecture in history, it was called Guangfu. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in Hebei Province.

Guangfu city has a history of more than 2600 years. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Dou Jiande, king of Xia Dynasty, and Liu heikai, king of Hanzhong Dynasty, established their capitals here, and later became the prefectures, prefectures, prefectures and counties of successive dynasties. There are magnificent ancient city walls with ancient simplicity and vicissitudes; Hongji bridge with elegant and unique structure, known as "sister bridge" of Zhaozhou Bridge; mausui tomb with wind and rain experience, which attracts people to explore; Xiba sluice with reasonable layout and exquisite construction, which is still serving for agricultural production in Ming Dynasty; Tibetan soldier cave built in Sui and Tang Dynasties for strategic defense, etc.

The existing city wall was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. It is 12 meters high and 8 meters wide, covering an area of 1.5 square kilometers. The city wall is basically intact, with a total length of nine Li and thirteen steps.

Guangfu ancient city is also a water city, surrounded by thousands of acres of depressions and endless reeds, surrounded by water, with a rare beautiful water scenery in the north. Surrounding the ancient city is a smooth moat. Outside the moat is yongnianwa, which covers an area of 46000 mu. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. The water can flow by itself. The lake has accumulated water all the year round. It is a famous natural aquaculture farm in history.

In Yongnian, artificial propagation and release of crucian carp, river shrimp and river crab will be carried out in the deep water areas such as laotandian district and moat, and aquatic plants such as reed, lotus root and Euryale ferox will be cultivated in the shallow water areas of Wadian district. Guangfu ancient city will reappear the beauty of "water city".

It is also the birthplace of Yang style and Wu Style Taijiquan. It is a famous city integrating ancient city, water city and Taiji city. These characteristics are incomparable with other ancient cities. The former residences of Yang luchan, the founder of Yang Style Taijiquan, and Wu Yuxiang, the founder of Wu Style Taijiquan, are well preserved.

Architectural features

Guangfu ancient city wall is not only large-scale and magnificent, but also well preserved.

The history of this ancient city wall can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. However, in the Tang Dynasty, the earthen city walls began to take shape. In the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the brick city was built, and four more urn cities were built. The wall is square, which is rare in the history of ancient Chinese cities. The moat of the ancient city is 140 meters wide, which is also very rare.

The present city wall was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. It is 12 meters high and 8 meters wide, covering an area of 1.5 square kilometers. The city wall is basically intact, with a total length of nine Li and thirteen steps. In the Ming Dynasty, there were four urn cities and four gates. Each gate had a gate tower and a turret at the four corners. There were twenty-six pavilions and 1572 crenels on the wall. The moat outside the city is planted with willows on both sides. Four suspension bridges connect the inside and outside, forming a solid castle. The perimeter of the ancient city is 4.5 kilometers, the wall is 10 meters high and 8 meters thick, and the city covers an area of 1.5 square kilometers, with more than 30 streets.

The ancient city used to have a urn outside four gates in the East, West, South and North, that is, the outer city. Because the gate of the urn also has a gate tower, so the city has four gates and eight floors. At present, only the east gate and the west gate have the urn City, but the gate tower and the corner tower no longer exist. In China, such a well preserved ancient city is rare.

geographical environment

Guangfu ancient city is located in the middle of yongnianwa, one of the three major depressions in Hebei Province with an area of 46000 mu. Around the Guangfu city wall, there is a 5 km moat. The average elevation of the land surface of wadan lake is 41 meters. The lake has accumulated water for many years, and the water quality is excellent. The water scene of lush reeds, symbiosis of fish and shrimp, clear water, wind and lotus, and wild geese playing with birds is praised as "the small Jiangnan Lake in the north" and "the second Baiyangdian Lake". The former scenery remains the same, but new scenery has been added: 800 mu of Taiji maze, 10000 mu of lotus garden, 1000 mu of wetland forest, 300 mu of Taiji lake and 10000 mu of reed marsh together enrich the beauty of the water city.

Around the ancient city, there are many kinds of aquatic plants. There are many reed marshes and lotus lakes around the ancient city, but Lotus Lake is rare in the north. Every summer, thousands of mu of lotus ponds compete with each other, and reed marshes are like a "dragon".

The climate in guangpingfu area has typical temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate characteristics: four distinct seasons, mild climate, sufficient light, rainy and hot season, drought season, annual prevailing wind direction is southerly. Because it is located in the southern margin of North China Plain and surrounded by Yongnian depression, the geographical environment landscape of plain wetland is obvious. Most of the existing water surfaces in the depression are constructed fish ponds, reed marshes, Lotus Lake and other natural wetlands.

Historical evolution

Guangfu ancient city, with a long history, is the birthplace of Yang and Wu Taijiquan. In history, Guangfu ancient city was the seat of Quliang County, Guangping County, Wu'an County, guangnian County, Yongnian County, Mingzhou, Guangping road and Guangping mansion. The city is vast, low-lying, surrounded by water, easy to defend and difficult to attack, which is a must for military strategists of all dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, the original earth city was built into a brick city, which was basically well preserved. In history, Guangfu ancient city wall, as a military defense facility of traditional Chinese ancient city, has preserved or remains of its urn, turret, horse road, Chengmen cave, Qianjin gate and Chengmen tower. It is the perfect embodiment of the construction technology and layout of Chinese ancient city wall, has important architectural history value and aesthetic appreciation value, and occupies an important historical position in the remains of ancient Chinese city wall.

In the spring and Autumn period, it was the Marquis state of Quliang, and then it was the Tucheng, with a history of 2600 years. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was the capital of Pinggan state and Guangping state, and the County Office of Quliang county and guangnian county.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, the fourth year of Tianbao (553) of emperor Wenxuan of the Northern Qi Dynasty was changed to state, county and county, Guangping county was changed to Mingzhou, and Quliang county was merged into guangnian County in the seventh year (556), but guangnian County governance reform was located in Quliang City, which is now the ancient city of Guangfu.

In the first year of Renshou (601) of Sui Dynasty, guangnian was changed to Yongnian because of avoiding the taboo of Yang Guang, the emperor of Sui Dynasty, so this city is also called Yongnian city. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, Dou Jiande, the leader of the famous peasant uprising army, established his capital here, known as the king of Xia. At this time, the city began to take shape. The Yuan Dynasty expanded the area of the city. Yongnian city was originally an earth city without water. During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, Li, the magistrate, went into kaichi and excavated a moat to bring in the water from Fuyang River.

Guangfu ancient city was originally an earthen City, with an area of six li and thirteen steps. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was increased to nine Li and thirteen steps. In 1542, Chen Zu, the magistrate of Guangping Prefecture, mobilized nine county migrant workers. It took 13 years to build the earthen city into a brick city. There were four gates with towers, four corners with turrets, and 876 buttress walls. In particular, besides the four gates, there were urn walls, and the tunnels were locked and secured It's like golden soup.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the county government was abolished and the county government was set up in June of the second year of the Republic of China (1913). After the Lugouqiao Incident in 1937, it was once occupied by Japanese aggressors. The county government moved and occupied the old government. Chengguan town was established in 1950. In 1958, the county moved from guangfucheng to Linmingguan. It was changed into Chengguan commune in 1961. It was changed into Chengguan District in 1963. In 1968, the district was withdrawn and changed into an office. In 1984, it was restored to Chengguan town. In January 1988, it was renamed Guangfu town.

Old government department. After the Lugouqiao Incident in 1937, it was once occupied by Japanese aggressors. During the war of liberation, Guangfu city became the last liberated town in North China Plain because it was easy to defend but difficult to attack.

The beautiful ancient city has attracted numerous dignitaries and scholars in history. Li Bai, a poet of Tang Dynasty, and Zheng Banqiao, a painter of Qing Dynasty, have left many poems and paintings. In particular, in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the governor of Zhili, Fang Guancheng, passed by to control locusts and release grain. He lived in the lotus Pavilion and looked at the ancient city. He wrote an impromptu poem: "rice leads to a thousand ridges, reed leads to the bank, and the skirt is full of lotus wind. Quliang city under the sea of incense, the beginning of the building water near the East. I plan to put the dust shadow of the boat outside, then I will put a couch in the dew. In the hall of valance, where all the evil Qi has disappeared, the Qingxing gull and fish have to be the same for the time being. This poem is a true portrayal of the scenery of the ancient city at that time.

Guangfu has a long history. For a long time, it has been the political center of Southern Hebei. There are many famous people in the past dynasties, such as calligraphy, medicine, poetry, strategy, divination and so on. Mao Sui, who is famous for his resourcefulness and courage, Ju Shu, who is comparable to Zhuge Liang in the overall situation of the world, Sima Shu, one of the top ten talents in the great calendar of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Gai and Shen Hanguang, the three talents in the southern part of the capital.

Guangfu is also a rich land of folk culture, folk art and culture has a long history, profound implication and endless interest. Guangfu folk art is a colorful form of artistic performance created by the broad masses of people in their work and life for thousands of years.

tourist resources

numerous

Chinese PinYin : Guang Fu Gu Cheng