Violent horse

Violent horse

(Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

[synonyms] white clove (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine), bangbangmu (Northern commonly used Chinese herbal medicine manual), lotus clove (Ningxia Chinese herbal medicine manual).

[source] it is the bark, trunk and stem of Syringa odorifera.

[plant morphology] Syringa oblata

Deciduous tree, 6-8m high. The bark is grayish brown and striated. Branchlets gray brown, with obvious oval lenticels. Buds small, ovoid, purple brown, apex sparsely ciliated. Leaves opposite, ovoid, apex pointed, acuminate or obtuse, base usually broadly cuneate, entire, glossy. Panicle terminal; flowers small, white; calyx campanulate, 4-lobed, persistent; corolla funnel-shaped, not longer or slightly longer than calyx; lobes 4; stamens 2, extending out of corolla, about 2 times longer than corolla; ovary 2-locular. Capsule oblong, cracking like a duckbill. Seeds oblong, surrounded by paper wings. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

It grows on the edge of forest, riverbank and under mixed forest. Distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and other places.

[collection] all year round. Fresh or sun dried.

[chemical constituents] the bark contains volatile oil, sterols, triterpenoids and phenolic compounds.

(1) expectorant effect

In mice or rabbits, oral administration or intraperitoneal injection of whole skin decoction has significant expectorant effect (phenol red method). The effect intensity is equivalent to the same dose of Platycodon grandiflorum. After vagotomy, the effect is not affected. A small amount of drug can also have an effect directly from the trachea, so it may directly stimulate the respiratory tract. The movement of tracheal ciliated epithelium was inhibited. The effective components of expectorant are acid phenol and flavonoids.

② Antiasthmatic effect

The whole skin water decoction of guinea pigs has very obvious antiasthmatic effect (histamine spray). Terpenoids are the effective ingredients for relieving asthma. The mice had no antitussive effect when they were treated with the whole skin Decoction close to the toxic dose (ammonia spray). The neutral part of the ethanol extract of bark has antitussive effect.

③ The effect on experimental chronic tracheitis in rats

The extract was given by gavage 20 g / kg for 20 days. It has no antitussive effect, but it can reduce the hypertrophy and proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells below grade III, reduce the number of goblet cells at all levels, reduce the hypertrophy and proliferation of tracheal glands, and reduce the number of mucous liquefaction of acini and ducts, but it has no obvious effect on chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and lymphoid tissue proliferation.

④ Others

The results showed that the whole skin and endothelium decoction had moderate inhibitory effect on Diplococcus pneumoniae and influenza bacilli, but the whole branch decoction had only slight inhibitory effect. The decoction of Radix Aucklandiae had no effect. The whole skin decoction had no effect on phagocytosis and capillary permeability of reticuloendothelial system.

[toxicity] the median lethal dose (LD50) of the whole skin decoction was more than 100 g / kg and 10.18 g / kg, respectively. Guinea pigs were intragastrically administered with 20 g / kg / day (20-40 times of adult dose) for 20 consecutive days. Except that the weight gain was significantly inhibited, the ECG, liver function, urinary protein and visceral pathological sections showed no significant changes. The results showed that the whole skin water decoction was irritant to the stomach, but the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were not.

The water or acetone extract of Syringa oblongata has antipyretic effect on febrile rabbits and cats by oral or intraperitoneal injection.

[nature and taste] Handbook of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines in Northeast China: "bitter, slightly cold. "

[function indications] Jilin Chinese herbal medicine: "anti inflammatory, antitussive. Good for water. Treatment of phlegm, cough, cardiac edema. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang.

[prescription selection] ① treatment of phlegm, asthma and cough (chronic bronchitis, asthma): the horse is one inch long, cut into strips, fried and drunk frequently. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of cardiac edema: Storm horse one or two, chopped, fried, twice a day. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

[clinical application] treatment of chronic tracheitis

The results showed that the effect of endothelium was the strongest in all parts of the fruit, followed by the whole skin and the wood heart. Therefore, its tender skin is often used in clinic, and the dosage forms include granules, powders, syrups, pills, and the extract of bomazi skin. In addition to the single prescription preparation, there are compound preparations, but the curative effect of the two preparations is similar. The curative effect of simple chronic tracheitis is higher than that of wheezing type; the curative effect of expectorant and antitussive is higher than that of antiasthmatic. Although the antitussive effect of bomazi was obvious, it was not as good as codeine. The expectorant effect was similar to that of Platycodon grandiflorum. Preparation and usage: one granule: wash and decoct the bark of bomazi twice, combine the two times, concentrate the filtrate into paste, add sugar powder, mix well, make granules, and dry at about 60 ℃. 3 g each time; 3 times a day. The daily amount is equivalent to 1 liang of barks. Two syrup: 3 liang of clove skin, 3 liang of radish, add 300 ml of water, fry into 60 ml, add appropriate amount of sugar. 30 ml each time, twice a day, 10 days as a course of treatment. Contain tender powder, 5g honey, 5g clove pill per time. Three times a day, 10 days a course of treatment. Four powder: stir fry pork skin for 3 times, 1 hours at a time, concentrated spray drying to make powder, 5 yuan per day (10 systems), divided into 3 times, and served for 20 days. Extract from the bark of wubaomazi: 1.8g total extract was prepared from the bark of wubaomazi (dried) 5 coins (10 two systems), 0.6g each time, 3 times a day, after meals, 10 days as a course of treatment. Curative effect: in the granule group, 25 cases were treated, 2 cases were controlled in the near future, 3 cases were markedly effective, 14 cases were improved, and 6 cases were ineffective; in the syrup group, 256 cases were treated, 33 cases were cured in the near future, 79 cases were markedly effective, 114 cases were improved, and 30 cases were ineffective; in the pill group, 275 cases were treated, 22 cases were cured in the near future, 1 case was markedly effective, 122 cases were improved, and 70 cases were ineffective; in the extract group, 20 cases were observed, 7 cases were cured, 4 cases were markedly effective, 7 cases were improved, and 7 cases were ineffective 2 cases were effective. After taking the extract of semen praecox, it generally takes effect in 2-3 days, obvious effect in 6 days, and a certain height in 10 days; if the treatment is continued after 10 days. The effective cases can continue to improve or tend to cure, while the ineffective cases are still ineffective. Side effects: a few cases had dry mouth, stomach discomfort, mild diarrhea and other phenomena after taking the medicine, which disappeared after stopping the medicine.

Chinese PinYin : Bao Ma Zi