Purple Rhododendron

Purple Rhododendron

(selected materials of tackling senile chronic tracheitis in Guangdong Province)

[synonym] Paeonia suffruticosa and Rhododendron Lingnan (list of medicinal plants in Guangxi).

[source] it is the flower, leaf, twig or root bark of Rhododendron kwangtungensis.

[plant morphology] Rhododendron kwangtungensis

Evergreen shrub, 1-3 m high. Branches dense, branchlets dense, flat, reddish brown hairs. The leaves are dimorphic, clustered and apical; the spring leaves are elliptic lanceolate, 3-8.2 cm in length and 1.8-3.2 cm in width, with two pointed ends and slightly pubescence below; the summer leaves are elliptic to obovate, 1.2-3.2 cm in length and 5-15 mm in width, with blunt or rounded apex and short pointed tip; the petiole is 4-8 mm in length and densely pubescence. Umbel terminal, 7-12 flowers; pedicel 6-9 mm long, densely covered with reddish brown hairs; calyx very small, densely covered with yellowish brown fine hairs; corolla funnel-shaped, lilac purple, corolla tube about 1 cm long; stamens 5, exposed, filaments glabrous; ovary densely covered with fine hairs. Capsule cylindrical, 0.8-1.2 cm long, densely covered with reddish brown flat hairs.

It is distributed in Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hunan and other places.

[chemical constituents] the leaves contain flavonoids, phenols, organic acids, triterpenes, tannins and volatile oil (0.01%, dry weight). Five flavonoids were isolated from leaves and twigs. One was quercetin, and the other four were Rhododendron a, B, C and D. There are more than six terpenoids in the volatile oil.

(1) antitussive and expectorant effects

Rhododendron extract, Rhododendron flavonoid and methylide have good antitussive effects on mice, with weak volatile oil and no obvious B (ammonia spray). The antitussive effect of a is central and its action site is below the brain. The results showed that flavonoids could increase the amount of phenol red secreted by respiratory tract of mice, and intraperitoneal injection of 0.16 g / rabbit (equivalent to one day's adult dose) could significantly inhibit the respiratory rate and antagonize the respiratory excitatory effect of Nikethamide.

② The effect on experimental chronic tracheitis in rats

After inhalation of sulfur dioxide to produce chronic tracheitis in rats, the application of Rhododendron injection intramuscular injection, 10 days as a course of treatment, can make the tracheal cilia mucus flow speed up, return to the normal level, pathological section can be seen that inflammatory cell infiltration significantly reduced, goblet cell number change is not obvious.

③ Antispasmodic effect

The decoction and flavone have obvious anti acetylcholine effect on isolated rabbit and guinea pig intestines.

④ Effect on circulatory system

After intraperitoneal injection of flavone 0.09 g / kg, the blood pressure of anesthetized cats decreased slowly and slightly, and the breathing was faster. The cardiac contractions of a few animals were strengthened, but most of them had no effect. 0.08 g / kg intraperitoneal injection had no significant effect on the heart of cats. It also had no effect on the electrocardiogram of normal rabbits.

⑤ Others

The decoction has a little inhibitory effect on pneumococcus, B-hemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus and Catacoccus, which may be related to the tannins contained in it, but its extract and crystal have no effect. There was no significant inhibitory effect on influenza A, rhinovirus and adenovirus.

[toxicity] the median lethal dose of flavonoids was 1.97 g / kg (equivalent to 739 g / kg). All of them were inhibited before death. The heart can still be touched soon after the breath stops. After intragastric administration of 0.5 g / kg of feline flavone, there was no other abnormality within 48 hours, except that it tended to be quiet and activity decreased. The dogs were gavaged with 0.12 g / kg or 0.06 g / kg daily for 20 days. The activity was reduced and the weight was generally reduced. The liver and kidney functions and Hemogram were normal.

[function indications] antitussive, expectorant. Treatment of chronic tracheitis.

① "Guangxi medicine plant directory": "root bark: cool, antipyretic, blood stasis. "

② "Guangxi plant list": "root bark: relieving cough and eliminating phlegm. Treatment of chronic tracheitis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang (2 liang fresh).

[clinical application] treatment of chronic tracheitis

The flowers, leaves and twigs of Rhododendron Rhododendron were used to make tablets or decoctions. The daily total dosage was 2 liang (fresh), divided into 2 times after meals, 10 days as a course of treatment. Through the observation of 2921 cases, the cure rate of one course of treatment was 15.1% (175 cases), and the effective rate was 34.1% (395 cases); the cure rate of two courses of treatment was 29.5% (521 cases), and the effective rate was 34.6 (609 cases). The antitussive effect of this medicine is the best, expectorant is the second and antiasthmatic is the worst. The effective cases were relieved after 2-3 days. After a course of treatment, some patients stopped taking the medicine. It was found that the symptoms continued to alleviate after 4-5 days. According to the clinical observation of 3148 cases, it was proved that the longer the course of treatment, the higher the curative effect. The cure rates of 1-4 courses were 15.1%, 29.5%, 55.4% and 62.5% respectively. The curative effect of flower, leaf and tender branch was higher than that of whole plant and stem. The effect of decoction is better than that of tablet. Side effects include dizziness, dry mouth, abdominal pain, constipation, etc., which are not serious and do not affect the continued treatment. At the end of the course of treatment, the white blood cells decreased significantly, the percentage of neutrophils decreased, the blood pressure decreased slightly, the heart rate slowed down in most cases, there was no obvious damage to the healthy kidney, and there was no obvious effect on the liver function. A few cases had poor sleep, dreaminess, dizziness, etc., but they were not serious. The disease can also be treated with a compound composed of 1 liang Rhododendron, 1 liang Aidicha and 1 liang Elaeagnus leaves. The decoction was concentrated to make 60 ml syrup, 20 ml each time. Three times a day after meals. 30 cases were observed, 6 cases were cured and 16 cases were markedly effective.

Chinese PinYin : Zi Du Juan