Gastrodia elata Blume

Gastrodia elata Blume

(Lei Gong Paozhi Lun)

[synonyms] GUI Duyou (Ben Jing), tomorrow MA (clinical guide medical records), Shui Yangyu (empirical identification of traditional Chinese Medicine), Dong Peng (Tibetan name).

[source] it is the rhizome of Gastrodia elata.

[plant morphology] Gastrodia elata, also known as: Chijian, Limu (Ben Jing), Shencao (Wu Pu Ben Cao), duyaozhi (Bao Pu Zi), chijianzhi, Dingfeng grass (on medicinal properties), heli (Youyang Za Zu), helicao, Duyao (Ben Cao Tu Jing), bailongpi, chijianzhi (compendium), automatic grass (Hunan medicinal records).

Perennial parasitic herbs, 60-100 cm high, all without chlorophyll. The tuber is thick, fleshy, oblong, about 10 cm long, 3-4.5 cm in diameter, with less obvious links. Stem erect, cylindrical, yellow and red. The leaves are scaly, membranous, 1-2 cm long, veinlet and short sheathed. Inflorescence is spicate raceme, 10-30 cm long, yellow and red flowers; pedicel is short, 2-3 mm long; bracts are membranous, narrowly lanceolate or linear, long elliptic; perianth tube is crooked, pot shaped, mouth is oblique, 7-8 mm long, base is slightly expanded, lobes are small, triangular; labellum is higher than 2 / 3 of perianth tube, It has 3 lobes, the central lobe is larger, its base is short stalked in the flower tube; the ovary is 5-6 mm long, smooth, with several edges. Capsule oblong to oblong obovate, ca. 15 mm, shortly stemmed. The seeds are numerous, fine and powdery, and the flowering period is from June to July. The fruit period is from July to August.

It grows in the moist and thick humus under the forest. It is distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Tibet, etc.

The stem and leaf (stem and leaf of Gastrodia elata) and fruit (seed of Gastrodia elata) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] in winter and spring, the winter picker was named "dongma" with good quality, while the spring picker was named "Chunma" with poor quality. After digging out, remove the aboveground stems and fibrous roots, wash the soil, soak it with clean water, wipe off the coarse skin in time, then soak it in clean water or alum water, then boil or steam it thoroughly until there is no white spot in the center, and take it out for air drying, sun drying or drying.

[medicinal materials] the dry rhizome is long oval, slightly flat, shrunk and curved, with residual stem base at one end, red or brownish red, commonly known as "yinggezui", and round root mark at the other end, 6-10 cm in length, 2-5 cm in diameter and 0.9-2 cm in thickness. The surface is yellowish white or light yellowish brown, translucent, often with light flaky skin residue, many longitudinal wrinkles, and several rows of indistinct fibrous root marks arranged into rings. The wrinkles of winter hemp are thin and few, and those of spring hemp are thick. It is hard and not easy to break. Section slightly flat, horny, yellowish white or light brown, glossy. Chewy hair is crisp and sticky. Special Qi, sweet taste. The best color is yellow white, translucent, hypertrophy and solid. Those with gray brown color, skin not removed, light weight and hollow section were the second.

It is mainly produced in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.

[processing] Gastrodia elata Blume: remove impurities, divide the size into different grades, soak in water until 70% transparent, take out, slightly air, then moisten until the internal and external humidity is even, slice and dry in the sun. Stir fry Gastrodia elata: first heat the pan with a gentle fire, then pour in the slices and stir fry until yellowish. Simmer Gastrodia elata: spread the Gastrodia elata tablet on the surface of the coated paper, put it in the pot, burn it with a light fire until the paper is brown, and turn the tablet to the old yellow on both sides.

① Lei Gong Paozhi Lun: "in order to cultivate ten liang of Gastrodia elata, we need to boil it with a piece of Tribulus terrestris. After it is cooked with slow fire, we need to put ten liang of Gastrodia elata in the bottle first. We need to cover it with fire and tie it with triple paper. From now on, the seeds of Tribulus terrestris came out again, and then they were boiled and fried. They were put into the Tianma bottle of Zhun Qian'an. They were fried in the middle, covered in front, and then came out after one volt. So seven times, after the bottle is filled, wipe the sweat with a cloth, chop it with a knife, bake it, file it, and pound it alone. "

② The compendium of Medical Sciences: "if you want to treat the deficiency of wind in the liver meridian, you should wash it, wrap it in wet paper, simmer it in the chaff fire, take out the slices, soak it in wine for one night, and bake it. "

[identification] 1. On the lateral side of the cortex, the cell walls were slightly thickened from single row to several rows, with sparse parietal pores; the thick walled cells were polygonal or oblong, often beaded, thickened and slightly lignified. The parenchyma cells of the stele are large, round or polygonal, sometimes with pits. The vascular bundle is outer tough type or peripheral tough type, scattered, with two or several vessels in groups, not lignified. In parenchyma, calcium oxalate needle crystal bundles can be seen, some scattered; parenchyma cells contain polysaccharide agglomerates, which appear brown or light brown purple when exposed to iodine solution.

2. Take the powder and make it into 10% water extract. Add 2-4 drops of iodine test solution to show purplish red to wine red.

3. Take the powder, make 10% ethanol (45%) extract, add 0.5ml mercuric nitrate test solution, heat, the solution shows rose red, and produce yellow precipitation.

4. Take the powder, make it into 5% ethanol extract, and show the green fluorescence under the ultraviolet light.

Sweet and smooth.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes pungent and warm. "

② "On medicinal properties": "non toxic. It's sweet and smooth. "

③ "Qi is flat, taste bitter. "

[Guijing] into the liver meridian.

① In the compendium of Medical Sciences, "Qi points into the liver meridian. "

② "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the liver and bladder channels. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "entering spleen, kidney, liver, gallbladder and heart meridian. "

[function indications] calm the wind and calm the shock. It is used to treat vertigo, blackness of eyes, head wind, headache, numbness of limbs, hemiplegia, astringent language, convulsion, epilepsy and motor wind in children.

① "Ben Jing" says: "the main evil Qi, long service Yiqi power, Long Yin fat health. "

② "Bielu": "eliminate carbuncle swelling, lower branch full, hernia, lower blood. "

③ "Theory of medicinal properties": "it is used to treat stubborn obstruction of cold air, paralysis, language trance, and panic. "

④ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can help Yang Qi, tonify five labors and seven injuries, dredge blood vessels and open orifices. "

⑤ Kaibao materia medica: "it is mainly used for rheumatic arthralgia, limb contracture, infantile wind epilepsy, shock Qi, waist and knee, and muscle strength. "

⑥ Zhang Yuanyuan: "treat wind deficiency, dizziness and headache. "

⑦ "Materia medica Huiyan": "main head wind, headache, dizziness virtual rotation, epilepsy strong spasm, limb spasm, language is not smooth, all stroke, wind phlegm. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder.

In Lei Gong Paozhi Lun, it is said that "use the root of the wind resisting grass instead of the Gastrodia elata. If you use both of them, you will suffer from intestines. "

[prescription selection] ① treat migraine, head wind attack injection, eye swelling, pain and dim, head rotation, unable to sit up: Gastrodia elata half, aconite (processed, peeled, navel) one or two, Pinellia ternata (soup washed seven times, slippery) one or two, Schizonepeta tenuifolia half, Aucklandia half, cinnamon (peeled) one or two, xiongliang half. The seven flavors are the tamer, the mastic and the Wutong. Take five pills each time, and gradually add to ten pills. Tea is clear and the next day is three. (Tianma pill in Shengji Zonglu)

② Xiaofengtan, Qingli head, broad chest and diaphragmatic, treatment of heart bleary, upset, dizziness, neck urgent, shoulder back tired, sleepy, limb pain, itchy skin, headache, nose, face floating: Tianma banliang, xiongliang. For the end, refining honey pills, such as Euryale. After each meal, chew a pill, tea and wine. (Tianma Xiwan)

③ Treatment of stroke hand and foot failure, muscle and bone pain, walking difficult, waist and knee heavy: Tianma two liang, Diyu one or two, myrrh three points (Research), Scrophularia, Aconitum (processing, peeling, umbilical) each one or two, musk one point (Research). The six flavors are: musk and myrrh, and mix with the medicine, and make honey and pills like Wutong. Take 20 pills each time, under warm wine, before eating. (Tianma pill in Shengji Zonglu)

④ Woman wind Bi, hand and foot failure: Gastrodia (cut), Achyranthes bidentata, aconite, Eucommia each two. Put the medicine in a small file, put it in a bag of raw silk, soak it in a bucket of good wine for seven days, and drink a small cup of warm wine. (Tianma liquor in Shibian LiangFang)

⑤ Treatment of rheumatism, beriberi, muscle and bone pain, skin unkindness: Tianma 52, Mahuang (root, node) 12, Cao Wutou (gun, skin), huoxiangye, Banxia (gun yellow), Baimian (fried) each 52. On the six flavor, pound for fine powder, dripping pills such as chicken head big, dansha for clothing. Take one pill each time, chew tea and wine, take three times a day, regardless of time. (Tianma pill in Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Treatment of infantile wind phlegm tetany, acute and slow convulsion, wind epilepsy: Tianma Qu Liang (wine washing, stir frying), Danxing Liang, Bombyx Batryticatus Liang (all stir frying), Tianzhu Huang Liang, Ming realgar Wu Qian. All research fine, the sum of uniform, pinellia Qu two, for the end of the paste ball, such as marble. Use peppermint and ginger to soak thick soup, adjust one pill, or two or three pills. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑦ Treatment of children's convulsions: Tianma half Liang, scorpion (detoxification, fried) one or two, tiannanxing (artillery, peeling) half Liang, white Bombyx Batryticatus (fried, silk) two money. A total of fine powder, wine cooked batter for the ball, such as hemp seed big. Take 10 to 15 pills every year. Under the Jingjie decoction, this medicine is warm and can be taken often. (Tianma pill in Wei family's Tibetan prescription)

Chinese PinYin : Tian Ma